The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society

The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society

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8 THE HIGHLANDERS [part I dent, and governed by a king of their own of the name of Talorcan, according to the Pictish chronicle. Such having been the result of the great accession of power obtained by the southern Picts upon three several occasions, it is to be presumed that when upon the death of Uen, the last king of the line of Fergus, the southern Picts attempted for the fourth time to assert their superiority, and to put forward a king of their own race, the northern Picts would oppose them to the utmost of their power, and would endeavour, as they had done thrice before under similar circumstances, to render themselves altogether independent of the southern division of the race. But when we find that immediately after the death of Uen, the southern Picts were engaged in contest with Alpin, the Dalriadic king, and that they were unable to prevent his con- quering Galloway, one of their principal provinces, we may infer that the northern Picts had been successful in their fourth attempt, and consequently that at the date of the Scottish conquest they were perfectly independent of, and unconnected with the southern Picts. Second.— Further, it has been seen that on the three several occasions when the power and superiority attained by the southern Picts under Angus Mac Fergus, and afterwards under Constantin, drove the northern Picts into revolt, they were not content with merely endeavouring to render themselves independent, but actually leagued with the Dalriadic Scots in active opposition to the Piccardachs ; on the first two occasions, when we find the king of the northern district of Atholl fighting along with the Dalriads against Angus, the Pictish king ; and on the third occasion, when we find that Conall Mac Tadg, the king of the race of the northern Picts whom Constantin drove from the throne, was killed by the Pictish Prince of Lorn while fighting in Kintyre, and therefore assisting the Scots of Dalriada. It is but reasonable to infer, that when the power of the southern Picts drove them for the fourth time into revolt, they would again join the Scots in opposition to the Piccardachs, and would assist them in their final and successful attempt. Again, the great object of the Piccardach princes was apparently to per- petuate the succession to the Pictish crown in their own family, and the northern Picts appear to have constantly opposed that

CHAP. Ill] OF SCOTLAND 39 object, and consequently to have upheld the ancient Pictish mode of succession by the female line. Now, as from the name of Alpin, and those of his descendants, it is plain that the Dalriadic-king must have been connected with the Picts by the female line, it is natural to suppose that the northern Picts would support the heir to the Pictish crown according to the ancient system of succession, rather than to permit the intro- duction of hereditary succession in the line of the southern Picts, and the consequent increase of their power, even although that support should have the effect of placing a foreign family upon the throne. It is manifest, then, that if the Cruithne or northern Picts were altogether independent of the southern Picts at the time of the conquest, and if they even actually assisted the Dalriadic Scots in that conquest, they would themselves remain unaffected by its results, and instead of suffering from the success of that invasion, would even in all probability obtain an accession of territory. Such is the conclusion to which we are brought by this mode of ; argument but there is still another mode bv' Second mode • i i i • i r i of argument, which the naturc and mtent of this revolution may by coutrasting . the si'uation be ascertauied. We know the exact state and internal of the tribes after the con- coiiditioii of the different tribes in : / 731 o by J contrasting fc. quest, with . . tiieir condi- with this the situation of the same tribes after the tion in ,31. alleged conquest, it is manifest that we may deduce from their condition after that event the probable nature of the revolution which produced so great a change. From this contrast we obtain the following results :— P"irst.— In the year 731, Scotland was inhabited by two distinct nations, the Picts, and the Dalriadic Scots. These nations were independent of each other, and were governed by independent lines of princes. After the year 843, we find the whole of Scotland under the government of one monarch ; it therefore necessarily follows, either that these two nations were united into one, or that the one reduced the other under its dominion. Second.—As we find that after the year 843 there was but one king over Scotland, and as we find that the succession to the throne was purely hereditary, it is manifest that the monarch

8 THE HIGHLANDERS [part I<br />

dent, and governed by a king <strong>of</strong> their own <strong>of</strong> the name <strong>of</strong><br />

Talorcan, according to the Pictish chronicle.<br />

Such having been the result <strong>of</strong> the great accession <strong>of</strong> power<br />

obtained by the southern Picts upon three several occasions, it<br />

is to be presumed that when upon the death <strong>of</strong> Uen, the last<br />

king <strong>of</strong> the line <strong>of</strong> Fergus, the southern Picts attempted for<br />

the fourth time to assert their superiority, and to put forward<br />

a king <strong>of</strong> their own race, the northern Picts would oppose<br />

them to the utmost <strong>of</strong> their power, and would endeavour, as they<br />

had done thrice before under similar circumstances, to render<br />

themselves altogether independent <strong>of</strong> the southern division <strong>of</strong><br />

the race. But when we find that immediately after the death <strong>of</strong><br />

Uen, the southern Picts were engaged in contest with Alpin, the<br />

Dalriadic king, and that they were unable to prevent his con-<br />

quering Galloway, one <strong>of</strong> their principal provinces, we may infer<br />

that the northern Picts had been successful in their fourth<br />

attempt, and consequently that at the date <strong>of</strong> the Scottish<br />

conquest they were perfectly independent <strong>of</strong>, and unconnected<br />

with the southern Picts.<br />

Second.—<br />

Further, it has been seen that on the three several<br />

occasions when the power and superiority attained by the<br />

southern Picts under Angus Mac Fergus, and afterwards under<br />

Constantin, drove the northern Picts into revolt, they were not<br />

content with merely endeavouring to render themselves independent,<br />

but actually leagued with the Dalriadic Scots in active<br />

opposition to the Piccardachs ; on the first two occasions, when<br />

we find the king <strong>of</strong> the northern district <strong>of</strong> Atholl fighting along<br />

with the Dalriads against Angus, the Pictish king ; and on the<br />

third occasion, when we find that Conall Mac Tadg, the king<br />

<strong>of</strong> the race <strong>of</strong> the northern Picts whom Constantin drove from<br />

the throne, was killed by the Pictish Prince <strong>of</strong> Lorn while<br />

fighting in Kintyre, and therefore assisting the Scots <strong>of</strong> Dalriada.<br />

It is but reasonable to infer, that when the power <strong>of</strong> the southern<br />

Picts drove them for the fourth time into revolt, they would<br />

again join the Scots in opposition to the Piccardachs, and would<br />

assist them in their final and successful attempt. Again, the<br />

great object <strong>of</strong> the Piccardach princes was apparently to per-<br />

petuate the succession to the Pictish crown in their own family,<br />

and the northern Picts appear to have constantly opposed that

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