The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society

The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society

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i8 THE HIGHLANDERS [parti about the year 1180. This work describes Scotland (which name at that period was applied only to the country north of the Firths of Forth and Clyde) as resembling in form that of a man. The head of the figure lay in Arregathel, the mountains of which he says resemble the head and neck of a man ; the body consisted of that chain which is called Mound, and which he describes as reaching from the western sea to the eastern ; the arms were those mountains " qui dividunt Scotiam ab Arre- gaithel;" the legs, the two rivers Tay and Spey. After this description he adds, " inter crura hujus hominis sunt Enegus et Moerne citra montem, et ultra montem alise terrse inter Spe et montem." From this description it would seem that he considered that there were but two remarkable chains in Scotland, " mons qui Mound vocatur," and "montes qui dividunt Scotiapi ab Arre- gaithel." The localit}- of the first of these chains is perfectly distinct from his description, for he tells us that part of it formed the northern boundary of " Enegus et Mcerne," a range which to the present day bears the name of " The Mounth." The other part extended to the western sea, and must therefore be the western part of the same chain which divides the count}' of Inverness from the counties of Perth and Argyll, and which is now termed Drumuachdar. The other chain, viz. the " montes qui dividunt Scotiam ab Arregaithel," are described as forming the arms of the figure, and must therefore have consisted of two ridges, the one branching from the Mounth, on the south, and the other on the north. As it appears, however, in describing the seven parts into which Scotland was of old divided, that Athol is named as one of them, it is plain that the western boundary of the southern part of Arg)'ll was at that time the same as it is now, and therefore the southern branch of the " montes qui dividunt Scotiam ab " Aregaithel must be the same with that chain of hills which runs from Benauler on the north-west corner of Perthshire to the head of Loch Long, and which to this day separates the county of Argyll from the district of Atholl and the counties of Perth and Dumbarton. But this very chain is called b}' the same author Bruinalban, for in afterwards describing these seven parts of Scotland, of which he had formerly given the names (though with some variation), he mentions that division which corresponds with

CHAr. II] OF SCOTLAND 19 ad Montem Atholl and Gouerin, as extending " a Spe usque Bruinalban." The Bruinalban of this writer appears, from the following circumstances, to have been synonymous with the Drumalban of others ; for while Giraldus concludes his description with the words, " Fergus filius Ere ipse fuit primus qui de semine Chonare suscepit regnum Albaniae a monte Bruinalban usque ad mare Hibernian et ad Inche Gall," ^ the same passage is found in other chronicles in the following words : " Fergus filius Eric fuit primus qui de semine Chonare suscepit regnum Albaniae ; i.e., a monte Drumalban usque ad mare Hiberniae et ad Inche " 2 Gall ; and "Fergus filius Erth primus in Scotia regnavit tribus annis ultra Drumalban usque Sluaghmuner et ad Inche Gall." 3 The name of Drumalban was known even at a much later period than this, for it occurs in the Regiam Magistatem ; and also in the history of the Bishops of Dunkeld, in both of which it appears as certainly applied to the same chain. The passage in the Regiam Magistatem as translated by Sir John Skene is as follows :— " 2. And gif he quha is accused of the cattell, or anie other thing thifteously stolen or reft, alledges anie man for his warant dwelling betwixt Forth and Drumalbane, he quha is challenged sail have fifteen days to produce his warant before the sheref; whilk warant dwells within the said bounds.— 3. And gif anie dwell beyond thir places or bounds in Murray, Ross, Caithness, Argyll, or in Kintyre, he sail have all the fifteen days, and also ane moneth to bring and produce all his warants." He thus divides Scotland, which is afterwards defined as " the partes of the realme benorth the water of Forth," into two parts, the one extending from the Forth to Drumalbane, and the other lying beyond " thir bounds ; " and containing Murra}', Ross, Caithness, and Argyll. His Drumalbane, therefore, can refer only to that chain of hills which forms the present eastern boundary of Argyllshire. The history of the Bishops of Dunkeld evidently places Drumalbane in the same place, for Atholl and Drumalbane are mentioned as forming one of the decanatu •of that bishopric. ' Innes, A pij. Xo. 1. Since, then, the name of Drumalbane existed, - Innes, App. Xo. 4. * Chron. San. Andrese.

CHAr. II] OF SCOTLAND 19<br />

ad Montem<br />

Atholl and Gouerin, as extending " a Spe usque<br />

Bruinalban." <strong>The</strong> Bruinalban <strong>of</strong> this writer appears, from the<br />

following circumstances, to have been synonymous with the<br />

Drumalban <strong>of</strong> others ; for while Giraldus concludes his description<br />

with the words, "<br />

Fergus filius Ere ipse fuit primus qui de<br />

semine Chonare suscepit regnum Albaniae a monte Bruinalban<br />

usque ad mare Hibernian et ad Inche Gall," ^ the same passage<br />

is found in other chronicles in the following words :<br />

"<br />

Fergus<br />

filius Eric fuit primus qui de semine Chonare suscepit regnum<br />

Albaniae ; i.e., a monte Drumalban usque ad mare Hiberniae et<br />

ad Inche<br />

"<br />

2 Gall ; and "Fergus filius Erth primus in Scotia<br />

regnavit tribus annis ultra Drumalban usque Sluaghmuner et<br />

ad Inche Gall." 3<br />

<strong>The</strong> name <strong>of</strong> Drumalban was known even at a much later<br />

period than this, for it occurs in the Regiam Magistatem ;<br />

and<br />

also in the history <strong>of</strong> the Bishops <strong>of</strong> Dunkeld, in both <strong>of</strong> which<br />

it appears as certainly applied to the same chain. <strong>The</strong> passage<br />

in the Regiam Magistatem as translated by Sir John Skene is<br />

as follows :— " 2. And gif he quha is accused <strong>of</strong> the cattell, or<br />

anie other thing thifteously stolen or reft, alledges anie man for<br />

his warant dwelling betwixt Forth and Drumalbane, he quha is<br />

challenged sail have fifteen days to produce his warant before<br />

the sheref; whilk warant dwells within the said bounds.—<br />

3.<br />

And gif anie dwell beyond thir places or bounds in Murray,<br />

Ross, Caithness, Argyll, or in Kintyre, he sail have all the<br />

fifteen days, and also ane moneth to bring and produce all his<br />

warants."<br />

He thus divides <strong>Scotland</strong>, which is afterwards defined as<br />

"<br />

the partes <strong>of</strong> the realme benorth the water <strong>of</strong> Forth," into two<br />

parts, the one extending from the Forth to Drumalbane, and<br />

the other lying beyond " thir bounds ;<br />

" and containing Murra}',<br />

Ross, Caithness, and Argyll. His Drumalbane, therefore, can<br />

refer only to that chain <strong>of</strong> hills which forms the present eastern<br />

boundary <strong>of</strong> Argyllshire. <strong>The</strong> history <strong>of</strong> the Bishops <strong>of</strong> Dunkeld<br />

evidently places Drumalbane in the same place, for Atholl<br />

and Drumalbane are mentioned as forming one <strong>of</strong> the decanatu<br />

•<strong>of</strong> that bishopric.<br />

'<br />

Innes, A pij. Xo. 1.<br />

Since, then, the name <strong>of</strong> Drumalbane existed,<br />

- Innes, App. Xo. 4.<br />

* Chron. San. Andrese.

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