The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society
The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society
282 THE HIGHLANDERS [part ii invasions were generall}- succeeded by a peace, the}- were not productive of any advantage to his nephews. One of these youths, named Donald, was, in the year 1 1 56, discovered lurking in Gallowa}-, where he was secured, and imprisoned along with his father in Rokesburgh Castle. In the following year Malcolm appears to have come to terms with Wimund, who, upon being realeased from prison, resumed the cowl, and retired to the monastery of Biland, in Yorkshire. But there still remained one of the sons of Wimund at liberty, whose name was Kenneth, and who, undeterred by the fate of his father and brother, resolved to make another attempt for the recovery of his inheritance ; and taking advantage of the insurrection of the Scottish earls in favour of William of Egremont, he easily succeeded in exciting the Moravians once more to revolt. The unexpected success with which Malcolm crushed the conspiracy enabled him likewise, after a violent struggle, effectually to subdue these restless assailants ; and in order to prevent the recurrence of farther insurrections upon the part of the Moravians, he resolved to reduce their strength by removing many of the hostile clans, and peopling the districts with strangers. The inhabitants of the northern portion were principally either driven out or removed to the crown lands of Braedalbane, in Perthshire, and the conquered district was bestowed upon the Norman families of Bisset, Thirlstane, and Lauder. A great part of the present county of Elgin was likewise depopulated, and strangers introduced, among whom was the Flemish family of Innes, while the whole earldom was bestowed upon the earl of Mar. By these measures the Moravians were so completel}- crushed, that during the remainder of this and the following reign, they did not again attempt to disturb the peace of the countr\-. Kenneth in the meantime having made his escape after his defeat by Malcolm, and hopeless of obtaining farther support in Scotland, took refuge in Ireland, and solicited assistance from the Irish. He was there joined by Donald Macwilliam, who claimed the throne of Scotland in right of his great-grandfather, Duncan, Malcolm Kenmore's eldest son, and having collected a numerous body of Irish followers, the two adventurers proceeded to invade Scotland, and made an inroad
CHAP. VI] O F S C O T L A N D 283 A.D. 1^14. into Moray. They were there met b\' Ferchard - . Macantagart, the earl of Ross, who had judged it prudent for him to join the king's party ; the invaders were defeated, and both of the leaders slain. By this defeat, and the consequent death of Kenneth, it appears that the family of Angus became e.xtinct ; but the Highland law of succession had the effect of transmitting the claims of the family, together with . ^ event, a certain Gillespie raised another insurrection the chiefship of the whole tribe, to the next branch of the clan, A.D. 1228. and accordingly we find ... that thirteen years after this in Moray. In his progress he burned some wooden castles which had probably been erected for the purpose of containing he surprised and slew a baron garrisons to overawe the country ; called Thomas of Thirlstane, to whom Malcolm IV. had given the district of Abertarff, and afterwards burnt Inverness. The king proceeded against him in person, but unsuccessfully ; and in the following )-ear William Comyn, earl of Buchan, then justiciary of Scotland, marched with his numerous vassalage upon the same enterprise, dispersed the insurgents, and slew Gillespie with his two sons. As we find that, immediately after this event, Walter Comyn, the son of the earl of Buchan, becomes possessed of the districts of Badenoch and Lochaber, while it is certain that these districts were previously possessed by the natives, we cannot doubt that this Gillespie was lord of that extensive territory, and that on his death Comyn received a grant of them from the crown as the reward of his services in suppressing the insurrection and slaying its head. Alexander II. followed up this success by his usual policy, and erected the portion of the earldom of Moray, which was not now under the stern rule of the Bissets, Comyns, and other Norman barons, into the separate sheriffdoms of Elgin and Nairn. The authority of government was thus so effectually established, that the Moravians did not again attempt any further resistance ; and thus ended with the death of Gillespie, the last of that series of persevering efforts which the earls of Moray had made for upwards of one hundred years to preserve their native inheritance. 'This Gillespie has been most im- family, slain in 1221. Fordun, the j)roperly confounded with Gillespie only authority for both rebellions, nine Seolaue, of the Mae William earefully distinguishes between them.
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282 THE HIGHLANDERS [part ii<br />
invasions were generall}- succeeded by a peace, the}- were not<br />
productive <strong>of</strong> any advantage to his nephews. One <strong>of</strong> these<br />
youths, named Donald, was, in the year 1 1 56, discovered lurking<br />
in Gallowa}-, where he was secured, and imprisoned along with<br />
his father in Rokesburgh Castle. In the following year Malcolm<br />
appears to have come to terms with Wimund, who, upon being<br />
realeased from prison, resumed the cowl, and retired to the<br />
monastery <strong>of</strong> Biland, in Yorkshire.<br />
But there still remained one <strong>of</strong> the sons <strong>of</strong> Wimund at<br />
liberty, whose name was Kenneth, and who, undeterred by the<br />
fate <strong>of</strong> his father and brother, resolved to make another attempt<br />
for the recovery <strong>of</strong> his inheritance ; and taking advantage <strong>of</strong> the<br />
insurrection <strong>of</strong> the Scottish earls in favour <strong>of</strong> William <strong>of</strong><br />
Egremont, he easily succeeded in exciting the Moravians once<br />
more to revolt. <strong>The</strong> unexpected success with which Malcolm<br />
crushed the conspiracy enabled him likewise,<br />
after a violent<br />
struggle, effectually to subdue these restless assailants ; and in<br />
order to prevent the recurrence <strong>of</strong> farther insurrections upon the<br />
part <strong>of</strong> the Moravians, he resolved to reduce their strength by<br />
removing many <strong>of</strong> the hostile clans, and peopling the districts<br />
with strangers. <strong>The</strong> inhabitants <strong>of</strong> the northern portion were<br />
principally either driven out or removed to the crown lands <strong>of</strong><br />
Braedalbane, in Perthshire, and the conquered district was<br />
bestowed upon the Norman families <strong>of</strong> Bisset, Thirlstane, and<br />
Lauder. A great part <strong>of</strong> the present county <strong>of</strong> Elgin was<br />
likewise depopulated, and strangers introduced, among whom<br />
was the Flemish family <strong>of</strong> Innes, while the whole earldom was<br />
bestowed upon the earl <strong>of</strong> Mar.<br />
By these measures the Moravians were so completel}-<br />
crushed, that during the remainder <strong>of</strong> this and the following<br />
reign, they did not again attempt to disturb the peace <strong>of</strong> the<br />
countr\-. Kenneth in the meantime having made his escape<br />
after his defeat by Malcolm, and hopeless <strong>of</strong> obtaining farther<br />
support in <strong>Scotland</strong>, took refuge in Ireland, and solicited<br />
assistance from the Irish. He was there joined by Donald<br />
Macwilliam, who claimed the throne <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> in right <strong>of</strong> his<br />
great-grandfather, Duncan, Malcolm Kenmore's eldest son, and<br />
having collected a numerous body <strong>of</strong> Irish followers, the two<br />
adventurers proceeded to invade <strong>Scotland</strong>, and made an inroad