The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society
The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society The Highlanders of Scotland - Clan Strachan Society
2i6 THE HIGHLANDERS [part ii marriage of the lord of the Isles with his own daughter. John now adhered steadfasth' to the party of the steward, and took an active share in all its proceedings, along with the other barons b)- whom they were joined, but without any open manifestation of force, until the year 1366, when the country was in a state of irritation from the heavy burdens imposed upon the people in order to raise the ransom of their king, and when the jealousy of David towards the steward had at length broken out so far as to cause the former to throw his own nephew and the acknowledged successor to his throne into prison. The northern barons, who belonged to his part}-, broke out into open rebellion, and refused to pa}' their proportion of the general taxation, or attend the parliament, to which they were frequently summoned. Matters appear to have remained in this state, and the northern chiefs to have actuall}assumed independence for upwards of two years, until David had at last brought himself to appl}^ to the steward as the only person capable of restoring peace to the countr}-, and charged him to put down the rebellion. In consequence of this appeal, the steward, who was un- willing to be considered as the disturber of the peace of the kingdom, and whose ends were better forwarded by steady opposition to the court party than by open rebellion, took every means in his power to reduce the insurgent noblemen to obedience ; but although he succeeded in obtaining the submission of John of Lorn and Gillespie Campbell, and although the earls of Mar and Ross with other northern barons, whose object was gained by the restoration of the steward to freedom, voluntarily joined him in his endeavours, the lord of the Isles refused to submit, and secure in the distance, and in the inaccessible nature of his territories, set the royal power at defiance. But the state of affairs in France soon after requiring the undivided attention of the English king, he was obliged to come to terms with the Scots, and a peace having been concluded between the two countries on the most favour- able terms for the latter, the Scottish government was left at liberty to turn its attention wholly towards reducing the Isles to obedience. In order to accomplish this, David II., well aware of the cause of the rebellion of the Isles, and of the
CHAP III] OF SCOTLAND 217 danger of permitting matters to remain in their present position, at length determined, and that with a degree of energy which his character had given Httle reason to expect, in person to proceed against the rebels, and for this purpose commanded the attendance of the steward with the barons of the realm. But the steward, now perceiving that the continuance of the rebellion of the Isles would prove fatal to his party, by the great influence which he possessed over his son-in-law, succeeded in persuading him to meet the king at Inverness and to submit himself to his authority, and the result of this meeting was a treaty entered into between " Johannes de Yla, dominus insularum " on the one hand, and " David, Dei gratia rex Scotorum " on the other, in which John not only engaged to submit to the royal authority and to take his share of all public burdens, but also to put down all others who dared to raise themselves in opposition to the regal authority. For the ful- filment of this obligation the lord of the Isles not only gave his own oath, but offered the high steward, his father-in-law, as security, and delivered his lawful son Donald by the steward's daughter, his grandson Angus by his eldest lawful son John, and a natural son also named Donald, into the hands of the king as hostages. By the accession of Robert Stewart to the throne of Scotland, which took place shortly after this event, the lord of the Isles was once more brought into close connexion with the crown, and as John remained during the whole of this reign in a state of as great tranquillity as his father Angus had been during that of Robert Bruce, the policy of thus connecting these turbulent chiefs with the government by the ties of friendship and alliance, rather than that of attempting to reduce them to obedience by force and forfeiture, became very manifest. King Robert, no doubt, saw clearly enough the advantage of following the advice left by Robert Bruce for the guidance of his successors, not to allow the great territories and extensive influence of these Island lords ever again to be concentrated in the person of one individual ; but the claims of John were too great to be overlooked, and accordingly Robert had been but one year on the throne, when John obtained from him a feudal title to all those lands which
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CHAP III] OF SCOTLAND 217<br />
danger <strong>of</strong> permitting matters to remain in their present position,<br />
at length determined, and that with a degree <strong>of</strong> energy which<br />
his character had given Httle reason to expect, in person to<br />
proceed against the rebels, and for this purpose commanded<br />
the attendance <strong>of</strong> the steward with the barons <strong>of</strong> the realm.<br />
But the steward, now perceiving that the continuance <strong>of</strong> the<br />
rebellion <strong>of</strong> the Isles would prove fatal to his party, by the<br />
great influence which he possessed over his son-in-law, succeeded<br />
in persuading him to meet the king at Inverness and to submit<br />
himself to his authority, and the result <strong>of</strong> this meeting was<br />
a treaty entered into between "<br />
Johannes de Yla, dominus<br />
insularum " on the one hand, and " David, Dei gratia rex<br />
Scotorum " on the other, in which John not only engaged to<br />
submit to the royal authority and to take his share <strong>of</strong> all public<br />
burdens, but also to put down all others who dared to raise<br />
themselves in opposition to the regal authority. For the ful-<br />
filment <strong>of</strong> this obligation the lord <strong>of</strong> the Isles not only gave<br />
his own oath, but <strong>of</strong>fered the high steward, his father-in-law,<br />
as security, and delivered his lawful son Donald by the steward's<br />
daughter, his grandson Angus by his eldest lawful son John,<br />
and a natural son also named Donald, into the hands <strong>of</strong> the<br />
king as hostages.<br />
By the accession <strong>of</strong> Robert Stewart to the throne <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>,<br />
which took place shortly after this event, the lord <strong>of</strong><br />
the Isles was once more brought into close connexion with<br />
the crown, and as John remained during the whole <strong>of</strong> this<br />
reign in a state <strong>of</strong> as great tranquillity as his father Angus<br />
had been during that <strong>of</strong> Robert Bruce, the policy <strong>of</strong> thus<br />
connecting these turbulent chiefs with the government by the<br />
ties <strong>of</strong> friendship and alliance, rather than that <strong>of</strong> attempting<br />
to reduce them to obedience by force and forfeiture, became<br />
very manifest. King Robert, no doubt, saw clearly enough<br />
the advantage <strong>of</strong> following the advice left by Robert Bruce<br />
for the guidance <strong>of</strong> his successors, not to allow the great<br />
territories and extensive influence <strong>of</strong> these Island lords ever<br />
again to be concentrated in the person <strong>of</strong> one individual ; but<br />
the claims <strong>of</strong> John were too great to be overlooked, and<br />
accordingly Robert had been but one year on the throne, when<br />
John obtained from him a feudal title to all those lands which