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38 Graţiela Maria Ţârlea et al. where Δhev is enthalpy difference at evaporation working condition, kJ/kg; M is the refrigerant mass flow rate, kg/s. Secondly, the mechanical power for the compressor was found, by (2) , W& = M& Δh cp cp where: Wcp is the mechanical power, kW; & compression working conditions, kJ/kg. Δ hcp is the enthalpy difference at Finally, the results of the coefficient of performance (COP) by Φ0 COP = . W& ii) Finding the annual energy consumption The annual energy consumption (Eannual) is calculated according SR EN 378-1 by E = n n P (4) iii) Finding the TEWI factor cp annual hours days e. The TEWI factor is calculated by SR EN 378-1 by ( ) TEWI = GWP ⋅ Ln + GWP ⋅m1− α + n E β (5) years rec years annual where: GWP – global warming potential [-]; L – refrigerant leak during a year working, kg (3) L= m m. (6) sc Table 2 shows the global warming and ozone depletion potential values for analysed refrigerants (Ţârlea et al., 2011). Table 2 Global warming and ozone depletion potential values Refrigerant GWP ODP R404A 3260 0 R717 0 0 R507A 3300 0 3. Theoretical Eco-Efficiency Study Results The theoretical results are presented in the next lines by tables and figures. Table 3 shows the study results for the coefficient of performance, annual energy consumption and TEWI factor (Zabet & Ţârlea, 2011). As it is shown in Fig. 2, the electrical power for R717 refrigerant is 15% smaller than R404A and R507A and this electrical power savings has a great impact over the environment pollution and maintenance cost.
Bul. Inst. Polit. Iaşi, t. LVIII (LXII), f. 4, 2012 39 Table 3 The study results Refrigerant COP [-] E annual , kWh TEWI, tonsCO 2 R404A 4.484 6.328 7.724 10962 8352 8227 164.8 141.3 140.2 R717 4.812 6.689 8.101 7726 7412 7934 69.5 66.7 71.4 R507A 4.461 6.273 7.639 11421 8039 8498 170.3 139.9 144 Fig. 2 – Electrical power versus evaporation temperature. Fig. 3 shows the variation of the coefficient of performance’s versus evaporation temperature. One could observe that the coefficient of performance for R717 refrigerant is higher by 6% than R404A and by 7% than R507A (Ţârlea et al., 2010). This is happens due to convenient thermodynamics properties of R717. Fig. 3 – Coefficient of performance versus evaporation temperature. Fig. 4 presents the variation of TEWI factor versus evaporation temperature. As shown, the TEWI factor for R717 refrigerant is 60% smaller than R404A and R507A. This implies that R717 refrigerant is the most suitable for environment from the global warming point of view.
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