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22 Antonino La Rocca et al. for cogeneration of electric energy and heat to be supplied at LNG to be regasified. The exergetic efficiency ζCHP for the cogeneration system can be defined by η CHP Peltop + Pelbottom + ExQreg = . (8) Ex NGburned (b) S e c o n d d e f i n i t i o n : Exergetic efficiency of the CHP cycle is defined by ζ CHP Pel + Pel + Ex = Ex + Ex + Ex top bottom Ng NGburned air LNG where ExLNG=ExcoldLNG+WpLNG; Exair is the exergy of air going to the suction side of top cycle compressor; air is cooled by sea water coming out from OR units. The definition of Eq (9) properly accounts for all kind of exergy items involved in such a complex process. The parameters defined by the relationships of Eqs (8) and (9) for the CHP plants analysed are: ζCHP ζ * CHP Working fluid in bottom cycle: Helium 0.51 0.49 Nitrogen 0.53 0.47 The exergy efficiency defined by the Eq (9) is the most appropriate, because it accounts for all kind of exergy item involved in such a complex CHP plant. The results show that a plant working with Helium has a higher exergetic efficiency. 4.5. Results of Exergetic Analysis for the Plant Working with Helium. A detailed analysis has been performed, considering all items which compose the whole top cycle process. There is a need for this approach to derive a comprehensive synthesis of exergy losses and exergy recovered. Fig. 11 shows results obtained for the top cycle of a CHP plant working with Helium. Input exergy is given by the exergetic efficiency is defined as . (9) ExNGburned+ Exair= 169.975.79 kW; (10) ζ topCHP Pel + Ex = Ex + Ex top Qrec NGbumed air , (11) the input item includes the exergy of heat power furnished in top cycle (gas generator CC, Fig. 9) and exergy of air going to the suction side of top cycle compressor; air is cooled by sea water coming out from OR units. In Fig. 11 items are reported in detail of exergy losses in main plant components and
Bul. Inst. Polit. Iaşi, t. LVIII (LXII), f. 4, 2012 23 exergy output. Fig. 12 shows the results obtained for the bottom cycle working with Helium. Input exergy is given by Ex + Ex = 110.738.00 kW . (12) ING Qrec The input item includes the exergy of LNG to be regasified and the exergy of heat power furnished in bottom cycle, which is recovered by flue gas of the top cycle. The exergy efficiency for the bottom cycle is given, then, by Pelbottom + ExNG ζ bottomCHP = . (13) Ex + Ex LNG Qrec Exergy output is represented by electric power generated in bottom cycle and the exergy of stream of natural gas regasified. In Fig. 12 items are reported in detail of exergy losses in main plant components and exergy output. Fig. 11 – Exergetic analysis:CHP with Helium, top cycle (Dispenza et al., 2009 a). Fig. 12 –Exergetic analysis:CHP with Helium, bottom cycle (Dispenza et al., 2009 a) 4.6. Results of Exergetic Analysis for the Plant Working with Nitrogen An exergetic analysis has been performed considering all items which compose the whole top cycle process. Fig.13 shows the results obtained for the top cycle of a CHP plant working with Nitrogen. Input exergy is given by
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