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278 Gelu Nuţu and Ioan Băisan To calculate the power necessary for operating the cutting machine knifefinger, experimental data is being used which recommend values between 0.58...1.18 kW/m working width linear harvesting grain, and between 1.10...1.84 kW/m to forage harvesting. The drive power needed for the cutting machine increases to values of 1.77 to 2.2 kW/m when fitted with two knives (Neculăiasa, 2002). If we take into account the above, knowledge of cutting force of strains, depending on the design of the cutting device, is required for optimal choice in terms of energy alternatives. 2. Material and Working Method For experimental studies there were used active elements of the cutting apparatus of harvesters SEMA, DROPIA 1110, GLORIA 1120 and GLORIA 1422 from romanian production, and the harvesters of CLASS, NEW HOLLAND, JOHN DEERE and FENDT, from import. The structural characteristics of the cutting blades (A-H in mm, and the angles i and α in degrees) are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, respectively Table 1. Sharpening angle of the cutting blade is 20O for romanian combine and 19O for the import and the cutting was done with upright stems as found in most of their field. With a force transducer, the force required to cut stems of 11 cultures was measured, the most widely used in agricultural practice in the country (wheat, barley, oats, triticale, corn, sunflower, bean, peas, soybeans, sorghum and rapeseed) both when cutting between strain nodes and on the node. Strains humidity was specific during the optimal timing of harvesting crops studied. Fig. 1 – Construction of the cutting blade from combines SEMA, DROPIA, GLORIA, NEW HOLLAND and CLASS.
Bul. Inst. Polit. Iaşi, t. LVIII (LXII), f. 4, 2012 279 Experimental attempts aimed cutting force variation for the four types of cutting devices, in order to find advice on choosing the type of cutting device according to culture, such as cutting energy consumption to be minimized. Fig. 2 – Construction of the cutting blade from combines JOHN DEERE and FENDT. SEMA DROPIA GLORIA NEW HOLLAND Table 1 Geometric characteristics of the blades from combine A B C D E F G H i α 7 58 17 50 75 2,3 5 1.45 20 55 13 53 30.4 51 83.4 2.82 7 1.31 19 27.3 CLASS 16 51 33 51 84 2.44 9 1.83 19 31 JOHN DEERE 13 50 31 51 81 2.67 5.5 1.4 19 46 FENDT 15 50 30 51 80 2.61 7.5 1.75 19 38 Experimental attempts aimed cutting force variation for the four types of cutting devices, in order to find advice on choosing the type of cutting device according to culture, such as cutting energy consumption is minimized. 3. Experimental Results Experimental data obtained from measurements are presented in Table 2, for cutting stems between nodes and Table 3 for cutting stems per node.
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