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102 Ioan Hiticas et al.
1. Introduction
Internal combustion engine remains a subject who must be treated due to
the elements involved in the combustion process. In this paper are treated the
exhaust problems, analysing the processes in diesel engine and spark ignition
engine. The oil crisis around the 1970, when along the USA many fuel stations
were closed due to this crisis, conducted to less pollutant emission by vehicle
fleet, and also conducted the engineering to find other sources solution for
vehicle, like alternative fuels or electric vehicles.
The CO2 emissions over the world are structured after the quantities
emitted by”departments”, like vehicles, industry, manufacturing, agriculture,
and other. The first three countries group on IEA report (International Energy
Agency) on CO2 emission, in billions of metric tons, for year 2010, was:
Europe, USA and Australia – over 15 billions of metric tons, China – over 8.1
billions of metric tons, and India – over 1.8 billions of metric tons. The
reference was made for year 2010 because this year was a record for greenhouse
gas emission. Globally, CO2 emission from burning fossil fuel achieved a
record of 30.6 billion metric tons. UNFCCC (United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change) presented a national emission report on the
Europe greenhouse gases and the data for Romania are: CO2 emission on Fuel
Combustion sector on year 2010 was 75499.84204 Giga tonnes and CO2
emission for Road Transportation sector was 13498.11400 Giga tonnes. This
numbers must prevent us that the global problems of greenhouse effect have to
be solved and should not be delayed.
Due to the high level of CO2 emission around the world, presented in Fig.
1, situation made for year 2009, and also harmful emission, has made the
countries to applied legislation to reduce them, like Euro I to Euro VI.
Fig. 1 – World CO2 emission by sector (IEA, 2011).
The experimental researches conducted in University Politehnica of
Timisoara and presented in this paper, confirm the danger, on human and earth
health, of CO2 emission level, and harmful emission, produced by thermal
engine.