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t-39 - Chief of Naval Air Training

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STUDENT GUIDE T-<strong>39</strong> FLIGHT PREPARATION<br />

VMO<br />

Maximum Operating Speed<br />

VR<br />

Rotation Speed<br />

VREF<br />

Final Approach Speed at threshold (1.3 x Vso)<br />

VSO<br />

Stall Speed dirty<br />

VX<br />

Best Angle <strong>of</strong> Climb<br />

VXSE<br />

Best Angle <strong>of</strong> Climb, single engine<br />

VY<br />

Best Rate <strong>of</strong> Climb<br />

VYSE<br />

Best Rate <strong>of</strong> Climb, single engine<br />

WR Wet Runway, standing water<br />

WT Weight<br />

ZFW Zero Fuel Weight<br />

%RPM Revolutions Per Minute - measured in percent<br />

2. TAKE-OFF<br />

a. Definitions<br />

(1) V1: The speed above which the take<strong>of</strong>f is continued and below which the take<strong>of</strong>f is<br />

abandoned in the event <strong>of</strong> an engine failure.<br />

(2) Refusal Speed: Used in conjunction with critical field length chart to determine<br />

speed at which an aircraft can either accelerate to refusal speed and then stop, or<br />

accelerate to refusal speed and continue take<strong>of</strong>f while one engine is failed at refusal<br />

speed. All available remaining runway will be required to get the aircraft airborne.<br />

(3) V2: Must be not less than 1.1 x VMC or 1.2 VS and must be attained before reaching<br />

a height <strong>of</strong> 35 feet.<br />

(4) VR: The speed at which the aircraft is rotated to the take<strong>of</strong>f attitude. VR must not<br />

be less than V1 or less than 1.05 x VMC. It must also be high enough to allow V2 to be<br />

attained before the aircraft reaches a height <strong>of</strong> 35 feet.<br />

(5) VS: The stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the aircraft is<br />

controllable.<br />

(6) VMCA: The speed required to provide sufficient control to fly a straight path over the<br />

ground with a failed engine. This speed is based on the engine windmilling, take<strong>of</strong>f<br />

thrust on the good engine, and no more than 5º bank away from the failed engine. At<br />

minimum control speed, it may be necessary to sacrifice altitude for airspeed while<br />

putting the aircraft in clean configuration and obtaining sufficient airspeed to climb.<br />

G-3

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