A synopsis of the South Asian fishes referred to Puntius - Verlag Dr ...

IO5
IO4
Pop
So
IO3 IO2
IO1
a b c d
Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 23, No. 1
F
Pa
So
Pls
PU3 PU2 CC
PU3 PU2 CC
Fig. 5. Systomus spilurus, WHT 11028, 61.1 mm SL: a, circumorbital series; b, dorsal view of orbital region of
cranium; c, last unbranched dorsal-fin ray; and d, caudal skeleton (scale bar 1 mm). Abbreviations: CC, compound
centrum; F, frontal; Ep, epural; H1-6, hypurals 1-6; IO1-5, infraorbitals 1-5; Pa, parietal; Ph, parhypural;
Pls, pleurostyle; Pop, preopercle; PU2, PU3, preural centra 2, 3; So, supraorbital; Un, free uroneural;
supraorbital sensory canal not shown.
spinous ray; free uroneural present (Fig. 5d);
post-epiphysial fontanelle absent (Fig. 5b); 5 supraneurals;
infraorbital 3 slender (Fig. 5a); 14-15
abdominal and 17-19 caudal vertebrae; and colour
pattern including a prominent, horizontallyelongate
oval black blotch on the caudal peduncle,
with no prominent bars or blotches on the
body.
Remarks. Based on the comparisons made herein,
and the data of Shantakumar & Vishwanath
(2006) and Kottelat & Pethiyagoda (1989), we
include the following nine South Asian species
in Systomus: S. asoka (Kottelat & Pethiyagoda,
1989), S. compressiformis (Cockerell, 1913), S. jayarami
(Vishwanath & Tombi Singh, 1986), S. martenstyni
(Kottelat & Pethiyagoda, 1991), S. orphoides
Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842,
S. pleurotaenia (Bleeker, 1863a), S. sarana (Hamilton,
1822), S. spilurus (Günther, 1868) and S. timbiri
(Deraniyagala, 1963). An apparently undescribed
Sri Lankan species with the label-name
‘Puntius sp. Richmondi’ too, belongs to Systomus.
Barbus clavatus McClelland, 1844 and B. shanensis
Hora & Mukerji, 1934 have been variously placed
in Puntius (e. g., Jayaram, 1991; Talwar & Jhingran,
1991) and Poropuntius (e. g., Roberts, 1998; Jayaram,
2010) by previous authors. We have not
examined specimens of these and so refer them
only tentatively to Systomus, though they may
bear a closer relationship to the ‘Puntius binotatus
group’ of Southeast Asia (see Discussion).
Systomus immaculatus
(Fig. 6)
77
Ep
Un
H6
H5
H4
H3
H2
H1
Ph
Systomus immaculatus M’Clelland, 1839: 284, 380,
pl. 44, fig. 5.
Neotype. AMS B.7920, 187 mm SL; India: Assam;
F. Day.
Topotype. AMS B.7921, 193 mm SL (caudal fin
broken); India: Assam; F. Day.
Description of neotype. General body shape and
appearance are illustrated in Figure 6a. Morphometric
data of neotype and 1 topotype are given
in Table 4; characters of topotype, where different
from neotype, are given in parentheses. Body
elongate, standard length about 2.8 times body
depth. Dorsal profile of head rounded; dorsal
body profile rising gently to dorsal-fin origin
(a post-nuchal hump present), sloping gently
downwards thereafter. Dorsal-fin origin slightly
posterior to pelvic-fin origin. Ventral body profile
curving gently ventrad to pelvic-fin base, almost
level from there to anal-fin origin, rising steeply
to caudal peduncle; caudal peduncle ventral
margin level.
Head relatively long, its length about onefourth
standard length. Eyes located forward of
centre, about mid-height on head. Mouth terminal;
lips fleshy; lower-lip post-labial groove shallow,
uninterrupted. Cheek and interorbital with
about 10 sensory pores. Two pairs of barbels
present; maxillary barbel long, its length slightly