A synopsis of the South Asian fishes referred to Puntius - Verlag Dr ...

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76 IO5 Pop IO4 a b c d IO5 IO4 IO3 IO3 So So IO2 IO2 IO1 IO1 Pa a Pop b c d Pef sheathed by 8 (7 [2]) scales, anal-fin base by 6 (7 [3]) scales. In preservative (Fig. 2a), head and body brownish olive, lighter below lateral line; lower body, belly and chest pale cream-yellow. Fin rays light brown, interradial membrane hyaline. A distinct, horizontally-elongate black blotch slightly larger than eye, about 3 scales wide by 2 scales high, at posterior end of caudal peduncle. A smaller black blotch at base of dorsal-fin rays 5-7. F F So PU3 PU2 CC PU3 PU2 CC Fig. 4. Puntius bimaculatus, WHT 11029, 40.5 mm SL: a, circumorbital series; b, dorsal view of orbital region of cranium; c, last unbranched dorsal-fin ray; and d, caudal skeleton (scale bar 1 mm). Abbreviations: CC, compound centrum; F, frontal; Ep, epural; H1-6, hypurals 1-6; IO1-5, infraorbitals 1-5; Pa, parietal; Ph, parhypural; Pls, pleurostyle; Pop, preopercle; PU2, PU3, preural centra 2, 3; So, supraorbital; supraorbital sensory canal not shown. So Sc Pa PU3 PU2 CC PU3 PU2 CC Fig. 3. Puntius sophore, WHT11062, 28.9 mm SL; SL: a, circumorbital series; b, dorsal view of orbital region of cranium; c, last unbranched dorsal-fin ray; and d, caudal skeleton (scale bar 1 mm). Abbreviations: CC, compound centrum; F, frontal; Ep, epural; H1-6, hypurals 1-6; IO1-5, infraorbitals 1-5; Pa, parietal; Pef, postepiphysial fontanelle; Ph, parhypural; Pls, pleurostyle; Pop, preopercle; PU2, PU3, preural centra 2, 3; Sc, supraorbital sensory canal; So, supraorbital; Un, free uroneural. Ep Pls Systomus McClelland, 1838 Un H6 H5 H4 H3 H2 H1 Ph Ep Pls H6 H5 H4 H3 H2 Type species. Systomus immaculatus M’Clelland, 1839. H1 Ph Diagnosis. A genus of cyprinid fishes differing from all South and Southeast Asian genera of Cyprininae by the combination of the following characters and character states: adult size greater than 80 mm SL (in South Asian species); maxillary and rostral barbels present; dorsal fin with 4 + 8 rays, its last unbranched ray stiff, strongly serrated (Fig. 5c); lateral line complete, with 27-34 scales on body; gill rakers simple, acuminate (not branched or laminate); no antrorse predorsal Pethiyagoda et al.: Synopsis of South Asian Puntius
IO5 IO4 Pop So IO3 IO2 IO1 a b c d Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 23, No. 1 F Pa So Pls PU3 PU2 CC PU3 PU2 CC Fig. 5. Systomus spilurus, WHT 11028, 61.1 mm SL: a, circumorbital series; b, dorsal view of orbital region of cranium; c, last unbranched dorsal-fin ray; and d, caudal skeleton (scale bar 1 mm). Abbreviations: CC, compound centrum; F, frontal; Ep, epural; H1-6, hypurals 1-6; IO1-5, infraorbitals 1-5; Pa, parietal; Ph, parhypural; Pls, pleurostyle; Pop, preopercle; PU2, PU3, preural centra 2, 3; So, supraorbital; Un, free uroneural; supraorbital sensory canal not shown. spinous ray; free uroneural present (Fig. 5d); post-epiphysial fontanelle absent (Fig. 5b); 5 supraneurals; infraorbital 3 slender (Fig. 5a); 14-15 abdominal and 17-19 caudal vertebrae; and colour pattern including a prominent, horizontallyelongate oval black blotch on the caudal peduncle, with no prominent bars or blotches on the body. Remarks. Based on the comparisons made herein, and the data of Shantakumar & Vishwanath (2006) and Kottelat & Pethiyagoda (1989), we include the following nine South Asian species in Systomus: S. asoka (Kottelat & Pethiyagoda, 1989), S. compressiformis (Cockerell, 1913), S. jayarami (Vishwanath & Tombi Singh, 1986), S. martenstyni (Kottelat & Pethiyagoda, 1991), S. orphoides Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842, S. pleurotaenia (Bleeker, 1863a), S. sarana (Hamilton, 1822), S. spilurus (Günther, 1868) and S. timbiri (Deraniyagala, 1963). An apparently undescribed Sri Lankan species with the label-name ‘Puntius sp. Richmondi’ too, belongs to Systomus. Barbus clavatus McClelland, 1844 and B. shanensis Hora & Mukerji, 1934 have been variously placed in Puntius (e. g., Jayaram, 1991; Talwar & Jhingran, 1991) and Poropuntius (e. g., Roberts, 1998; Jayaram, 2010) by previous authors. We have not examined specimens of these and so refer them only tentatively to Systomus, though they may bear a closer relationship to the ‘Puntius binotatus group’ of Southeast Asia (see Discussion). Systomus immaculatus (Fig. 6) 77 Ep Un H6 H5 H4 H3 H2 H1 Ph Systomus immaculatus M’Clelland, 1839: 284, 380, pl. 44, fig. 5. Neotype. AMS B.7920, 187 mm SL; India: Assam; F. Day. Topotype. AMS B.7921, 193 mm SL (caudal fin broken); India: Assam; F. Day. Description of neotype. General body shape and appearance are illustrated in Figure 6a. Morphometric data of neotype and 1 topotype are given in Table 4; characters of topotype, where different from neotype, are given in parentheses. Body elongate, standard length about 2.8 times body depth. Dorsal profile of head rounded; dorsal body profile rising gently to dorsal-fin origin (a post-nuchal hump present), sloping gently downwards thereafter. Dorsal-fin origin slightly posterior to pelvic-fin origin. Ventral body profile curving gently ventrad to pelvic-fin base, almost level from there to anal-fin origin, rising steeply to caudal peduncle; caudal peduncle ventral margin level. Head relatively long, its length about onefourth standard length. Eyes located forward of centre, about mid-height on head. Mouth terminal; lips fleshy; lower-lip post-labial groove shallow, uninterrupted. Cheek and interorbital with about 10 sensory pores. Two pairs of barbels present; maxillary barbel long, its length slightly
Page 1 and 2: Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol.
Page 3 and 4: ‘South Asia’ as used here is th
Page 5 and 6: Puntius Hamilton, 1822 Type species
Page 7: Pelvic-fin origin slightly anterior
Page 11 and 12: a b Fig. 6. Systomus immaculatus, A
Page 13 and 14: Pop IO5 IO4 IO3 So IO2 IO1 a b c d
Page 15 and 16: weak, smooth and segmented last und
Page 17 and 18: Southeast Asian Systomus. Of the fi
Page 19 and 20: a b Fig. 11. Barbus jerdoni, AMS B.
Page 21 and 22: arbels, no bars on flank in juvenil
Page 23 and 24: 186.9 mm SL; AMS B.7921, 1, topotyp
Page 25 and 26: — 1999. International Code of Zoo
Page 27 and 28: tius) species (Pisces, Cyprinidae)

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