Aquatic Zoos - Captive Animals Protection Society
Aquatic Zoos - Captive Animals Protection Society
Aquatic Zoos - Captive Animals Protection Society
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PHYSICAL HEALTH<br />
Despite what public aquarists may say when asked, reproducing in captivity the intricacies of natural<br />
aquatic ecosystems is not only a very difficult task, but almost impossible to accomplish with overall<br />
success. It is not as simple as to have the water at a particular temperature or salinity. Water chemistry<br />
(hardness, nitrates, PH, heavy metals), suspended particles, levels of Oxygen/CO2, parasites, turbulence,<br />
plankton, vegetation, preys and predators, symbionts, light (intensity, cycle, spectrum), water pressure,<br />
substrate, electric fields, sound, space, shelter, mates, companions, etc. are all variables that that are<br />
either difficult to replicate or are difficult to control in a captive environment. In consequence, they are<br />
likely to go wrong –at the very least occasionally– making the captive aquatic animals become<br />
chronically or acutely ill.<br />
There are many types of diseases and health problems that fish and aquatic invertebrates can suffer for<br />
a variety of causes. Following are examples of the most common:<br />
Environmental diseases<br />
Water chemistry problems<br />
Acidosis and Alkalosis<br />
Osmosis stress and shock<br />
PH shock<br />
Poisoning<br />
Aflatoxic poisoning<br />
Ammonia poisoning<br />
Chlorine poisoning<br />
Metal poisoning<br />
Nitrate poisoning<br />
Nitrite poisoning<br />
Atmospheric gasses problems<br />
CO2 problems<br />
Gas bubble disease<br />
Hypoxia<br />
Temperature problems<br />
Chilling and overheating<br />
Temperature shock<br />
Stress and shock<br />
Trauma<br />
Diet problems<br />
Constipation<br />
Fatty liver<br />
Obesity<br />
Malnutrition<br />
Vitamin deficiency<br />
Pathogenic diseases<br />
Viruses<br />
Lymphocystis<br />
Fish pox<br />
Bacteria<br />
Aeromonas<br />
Fin rot<br />
Fish TB (Mycobacterium)<br />
Flexibacter<br />
Nocardia<br />
Pseudomonas<br />
Vibrio<br />
Fungus<br />
Achyla<br />
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