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Take home message<br />
Special Features<br />
The effects of increasing feed inclusions of co-products<br />
and reducing dietary crude protein on pork omega-3 fatty<br />
acid content and feed cost<br />
By R. Jha,* J. K. Htoo, # M. G. Young, † E. Beltranena,* ‡ and R. T. Zijlstra*<br />
*University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB; # Evonik Industries AG, Hanau, Germany; †Gowans Feed Consulting, Wainwright, AB; and ‡Alberta Agriculture<br />
and Rural Development, Edmonton, AB<br />
Alternative feedstuffs can be included in pig diets to reduce dependence on feed grains, reduce feed cost, and produce specialty<br />
pork products. Co-products (Co-P) such as co-extruded flax seed and field pea, canola meal, dried distillers grains plus soluble<br />
(DDGS) are widely available in western Canada to include in pig diets as alternatives to imported soybean meal. However,<br />
these co-products are relatively high in protein, thus crude protein (CP) in diets should be taken into consideration in order<br />
to avoid excess nitrogen excretion. We conducted a commercial-scale study to evaluate the effects of 3 inclusion levels (low,<br />
medium and high) of Co-P (Linpro, co-extruded flax and field pea; canola meal and DDGS) and 2 levels of dietary CP (regular,<br />
and 3%-unit reduction in CP) on growth performance, carcass traits, jowl fatty acid content and feed cost of hogs fed from 35 kg<br />
to slaughter weight. The results revealed that increasing dietary co-product inclusion above 30% reduced growth performance<br />
due to reduced feed intake, weight gain, and carcass traits, but it also reduced feed cost and enriched the omega-3 fatty acid<br />
content of pork.<br />
ANIMAL HEALTH<br />
STARTS ON THE FARM<br />
Animal disease outbreaks can be devastating.<br />
How prepared is your farm?<br />
Reduce the risk of animal diseases such as foot-and-mouth<br />
disease (FMD) by practising sound biosecurity on your farm.<br />
• Have a biosecurity plan in place and review it regularly.<br />
• Observe your animals for signs of disease.<br />
• Call your veterinarian if you think one or more of your animals<br />
might be sick.<br />
Talk to your veterinarian about biosecurity measures and how they<br />
can be applied to your farm. They’re the best investment you can<br />
make to help keep your animals and your business healthy.<br />
46 | Western Hog Journal | Winter 2012<br />
For more information<br />
call 1-800-442-2342<br />
visit www.inspection.gc.ca/biosecurity<br />
follow us on Twitter: @CFIA_Animals<br />
Feeding co-products to hogs<br />
The western Canadian pig industry is<br />
continuously searching for alternative<br />
feedstuffs to reduce feed cost. It is also<br />
possible to meet consumer expectations<br />
for specialty meat products such as<br />
omega-3 enriched pork by feeding hogs<br />
Prairie-grown flax seed. Claimed human<br />
health benefits of consuming a diet rich<br />
in omega-3 fatty acids include improved<br />
child learning, a reduction of mid-age<br />
cardiovascular disease and sustained mental<br />
function in seniors. Production of flax<br />
seed and field pea in western Canada has<br />
expanded and so has the availability of<br />
bio-industrial co-products like canola meal<br />
and DDGS. However, all these feedstuffs<br />
are relatively high in protein content,<br />
thus crude protein (CP) in feed should be<br />
considered as it is energetically costly to<br />
the pig to excrete excess dietary nitrogen.<br />
Furthermore, excretion of excess nitrogen<br />
can increase the environmental impact<br />
of hog manure. We therefore decided to<br />
evaluate feeding increasing levels of co-
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