SDI Convergence - Nederlandse Commissie voor Geodesie - KNAW

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Nevertheless it can be stated that, like in the home countries of the mega cities, the application of spatial information technology in the mega cities of the world is largely diverse. Table 2 shows the availability of digital spatial data in the mega cities under review. The application of spatial information technology in the cities under consideration varies considerably. It starts from the provision of simple WebGIS applications which only show the road network and some less basic data like in Jakarta or Mumbai, it comprises advanced applications which enable the presentation of social, economic, ecological and urban information related to the city (e.g., Buenos Aires, Los Angeles, Paris) and it ends up with highly elaborated comprehensive distributed information systems which can be found in Seoul, London and New York City. 198 Table 2: Application of SDI in the world’s mega cities. SDI development status unknown SDI master plan available Primary spatial data available Secondary spatial data available Spatial data accessibility available Bangkok Beijing Buenos Aires Cairo Delhi Dhaka Guangzhou Istanbul Jakarta Karachi Lagos London Los Angeles Manila Mexico City Moscow Mumbai New York Osaka Paris Rio de Janeiro Sao Paulo Seoul Shanghai Tehran Tokyo 3.4 Synoptic view of Spatial Information Technology applications in the world’s mega cities and their home countries Figure 1 shows that in many cases a correlation between NSDI development and urban SDI development exists. The more advanced is the NSDI of a country, the more advanced is the SDI of its cities. In terms of the defined classification categories it can be seen that in many cases the national SDI development of the countries is one step ahead the SDI development of its largest cities.
Figure 1: Technical progress of SDI development in the world’s mega cities and their home countries. 4. CONCLUSIONS AND FURTHER WORK The investigation of current applications of state-of-the-art SDI technology in the world’s existing mega cities including NSDI development in their home countries shows a large diversity in terms of stage of development. Whilst for some countries and cities almost no useful information was retrieved from the web others are in the conceptual phase of SDI development. Often NSDI progress and urban SDI development is correlated. In some regions primary and secondary data production is in progress. The most advanced SDI implementations are to be found in some countries and cities where web based services for broad access to comprehensive distributed spatial data pools are already in operation. In any case, the technology oriented approach of this study should be completed by other investigations which are to explore the organisational and legislative aspects of SDI implementation including their interaction with planning and other management activities in mega cities. 199
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SDI Convergence Research, Emerging
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SDI Convergence. Research, Emerging
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An Integrated Framework for the Imp
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Peer Review Board for SDI Convergen
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domain are or may become important
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Services taking advantage of multip
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changes that have taken place in th
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The Potential of a National Atlas a
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tion, the Royal Netherlands Geograp
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challenge for the National Atlas Fo
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experience 'instant satisfaction' u
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data are found offered by the data
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spread of flora and fauna, especial
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Spatial Data Infrastructure of Spai
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ecords managed through the services
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esult of applying GUI production ru
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28 Table 1: Mapping between OGC Cap
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30 Figure 4: Online metadata editio
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work has been
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Public Sector Geo Web Services: Whi
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Figure 1: Serving geo-information u
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nue. With an increasing number of m
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3.2 Types of business models Malone
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Not all revenue models described by
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uses this model to finance large-sc
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of web service (WMS, WFS/WCS, WIS,
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REFERENCES Anderson, C. (2008). Fre
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INTERVIEWS Jellema, M., DataLand, R
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gion, aware of the INSPIRE context,
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3.3 International activities on man
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use happens when the final user wil
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Geolicences implementation has draw
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Spatial Information Council (2008).
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make it hard for citizens and civil
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66 Figure 2: Prototype to test navi
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”Member States may limit public a
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sor is dragged further into the pro
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cause changes in Dutch and regional
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Hoekstra, R., Winkels R.G.F. and Hu
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The use of location-based informati
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tion which does not measure a perso
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important role (Dobson and Fisher,
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camera surveillance on a public roa
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Furthermore, the Court gave a numbe
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ECtHR (2003a). Peck v. The United K
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Harmonising and Integrating Two Dom
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ing and integrating these two domai
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Table 1: Differences in background
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Figure 1: Examples of IMGeo data (c
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Concept Table 4: Same concept, diff
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Some differences are not clear from
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Such homogenous classes will also a
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BMT classes, which contain all info
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phy, both illustrated with UML exam
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An Analysis of Technology Choices f
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The objectives of this article are
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3. THE COMPARTIMOS REFERENCE MODEL
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sufficiently simple to allow repres
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same implementation of a geospatial
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5. RESULTS Through the development
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Di L., Chen A., Yang W., Liu Y., We
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SDI and Metadata Entry and Updating
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A critical problem for metadata col
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2.1.8 Functionalities A MET must al
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Collection of related documents Sta
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well as more enhanced tools to impr
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access to geo-referenced databases,
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metadata and spatial data is new an
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Phillips, A. and Williamson, I. P.
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A Prototype Metadata Tool for Land
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data and grid computing infrastruct
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model elements it becomes possible
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Figure 2: Overview of the system co
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1. selection of a model; 2. provisi
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Page 157 and 158: Chan, T., Beverly C., Ebert, S., Ga
Page 159 and 160: Implementation of Recent Metadata D
Page 161 and 162: ) definition of a metadata organisa
Page 163 and 164: 3.2 Definition of a metadata schema
Page 165 and 166: This is just an example of how comp
Page 167 and 168: 6. CONCLUSIONS The Public Administr
Page 169 and 170: An Integrated Framework for the Imp
Page 171 and 172: 2.1 Six Sigma Six Sigma is one of t
Page 173 and 174: However, the traditional methods of
Page 175 and 176: The fifth element for BSC design is
Page 177 and 178: Table 2: Strengths and weaknesses o
Page 179 and 180: Camp, R. C. (1989). Benchmarking: T
Page 181 and 182: Nedovic-Budic, Z., Feeney, M.E.F.,
Page 183 and 184: The Value Chain Approach to Evaluat
Page 185 and 186: The definition of assessment strate
Page 187 and 188: There may be several activities per
Page 189 and 190: The complexity of work, which was r
Page 191 and 192: Figure 5: Secondary interface: orga
Page 193 and 194: on investments. More importantly, i
Page 195 and 196: Porter, M. (1985). Competitive Adva
Page 197 and 198: Evaluation of Spatial Information T
Page 199 and 200: fully digital nationwide spatial da
Page 201 and 202: satellite imagery, digital vector d
Page 203 and 204: lic) and the National Mapping Agenc
Page 205: - Secondary spatial data available,
Page 209 and 210: Khan, J. (2007). Karachi Master Pla
Page 211 and 212: Philippines http://www.geoinfo.ait.
Page 213 and 214: Local Government and SDI - Understa
Page 215 and 216: Australia, like many developed coun
Page 217 and 218: Table 1: Structure of the LGA quest
Page 219 and 220: (p
Page 221 and 222: Table 3: Results of multiple regres
Page 223 and 224: The role of local government in bui
Page 225 and 226: McDougall, K., A. Rajabifard and I.
Page 227 and 228: Changing Notions of a Spatial Data
Page 229 and 230: Table 1: Differences between GeoWeb
Page 231 and 232: The concept of spatially enabled go
Page 233 and 234: applications field and also in term
Page 235 and 236: The discussion in the fifth section
Page 237 and 238: Cooperation - a Key Factor for Sust
Page 239 and 240: appears at low levels and can seek
Page 241 and 242: Many of the problems of a non-techn
Page 243 and 244: 4.4 Important aspects As cooperatio
Page 245 and 246: level’ within and between organis
Page 247 and 248: Seamless SDI Model - Bridging the G
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Page 251 and 252: Figure 2: Seamless administration s
Page 253 and 254: Figure 5: Seamless platform. A seam
Page 255 and 256: 4.2 Standards SDI must be based on
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One more concern linked to the esta
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structures that not only do not yet
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The RRR Toolbox: a Conceptual Model
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curring in the present must not com
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databases and web mapping services.
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Principles, Institutional Principle
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The commonalities between SDIs and
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Mooney, J. D. and Grant, D. M. (199
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Building SDI Bridges for Catchment
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approaches. TCM is a holistic appro
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hierarchy namely; the umbrella view
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tions and practices in South Africa
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Figure 2: Conceptual framework: App
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In the Murray Darling Basin, there
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REFERENCES Australian Bureau of Sta
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Rajabifard, A., M.-E.F. Feeney and
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SDI Convergence - Nederlandse Commissie voor Geodesie - KNAW

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