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SDI Convergence - Nederlandse Commissie voor Geodesie - KNAW

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In the business management literature, there are a variety of techniques which are<br />

used for continuous improvement of industries and/or organisational activities. Six<br />

Sigma, Activity Based Costing (ABC), Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and Total Quality<br />

Management (TQM) are some of these techniques that are also the targets of the article.<br />

Each of the mentioned techniques covers a dimension of <strong>SDI</strong> implementation. This<br />

article aims to address utilisation of these techniques as an integrated framework for<br />

implementation and continuous improvement of <strong>SDI</strong>s. Such integration will cover different<br />

aspects of <strong>SDI</strong> implementation and evaluation requirements. With this in mind,<br />

first, the techniques are reviewed briefly and then their feasible applicability for <strong>SDI</strong> implementation<br />

and evaluation is described.<br />

2. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR <strong>SDI</strong> MEASUREMENT AND IMPLEMENTA-<br />

TION<br />

In this section, we introduce a number of measurement methods used in the business<br />

management literature and describe their original purpose, then denote an integrated<br />

framework as an <strong>SDI</strong> implementation and evaluation procedure.<br />

Six Sigma is a problem solving and continuous improvement method based on statistical<br />

methods where all the employees within an organisation have different roles within<br />

the entire technique. Six Sigma framework and guidelines can be used as a basic<br />

framework for <strong>SDI</strong> implementation.<br />

Activity Based Costing (ABC) is a useful method to find the real price of the products<br />

according to the organisational costs and overheads. It also tries to assign costs to<br />

each activity and removes unnecessary and unprofitable tasks in an organisational<br />

process. ABC can be useful for estimating <strong>SDI</strong> costs as well as cost reduction and spatial<br />

data valuation.<br />

Balanced Scoreboard (BSC) is a performance evaluation method used for evaluating<br />

and monitoring the strategic plans and the objectives. It can be used as an evaluation<br />

and monitoring method for <strong>SDI</strong>s and also for measuring the progress of <strong>SDI</strong> implementation<br />

according to different perspectives.<br />

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a method to monitor the process quality. It deals<br />

with the entire product procedure and tries to keep the work process in a high standard.<br />

This method can be utilised as a proper technique for both quality control of <strong>SDI</strong> work<br />

process and spatial data.<br />

Table 1 represents the usage domains and a description for various techniques discussed<br />

above. In the following sections, we will describe each method separately.<br />

162<br />

Table 1: A general overview of different business management methods.<br />

Method Key Premises<br />

Six Sigma Problem Solving and continuous improvement<br />

ABC Financial management and evaluation<br />

BSC Performance evaluation<br />

TQM Quality enhancement

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