Historic%20Yorkshire

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26 LEEDS UNDER THE NORMANS. companions, andinmany respects the equals, of the alldominantmales — This was the enactment that a woman sold into slavery should not pay the usual tribute or tax leviedupon the sale of other goods and chattels! The same charter also recognises the superstitious forms of trial, the ordeals ofwater and of single combat, for second offences. That Leedshad now a comparativeprosperityis evinced by the increase of the numberof dwellings,but itis further demonstrated by a privilege of the charter, by which the burgesses were allowed to " convey grain and all other goods by land or by water," which shows conclusively thatthe peopleof Leeds were willingto avail themselves of the proximity of the Aire, which would be the first cause of the town's founding, andwhichin 1098 had been rendered navigable,probablybymeans of dams, as far up as KirkstallBridge. This memorablecharter was granted in 1207, and soon after the deathof Maurice Paganell the manor reverted to the Lacies, who, as Earls of Lincoln, have frequent mentionas its possessors. Theonly daughter and heiress of the last Earlmarrying Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, the Manor of Leeds passed with the other vast possessions of the Lacies to the Duchy of Lancaster, and on the ascension of HenryBolingbroke,Duke of Lancaster, as HenryIV., to the Crown,inwhose possessionit continued until the death of Anne,Consort of James I., who had it as part of her jointure. It was then sold to private individuals, apparently more than once, being finally purchased in theyears 1629 and 1636 by Richard Sykes, Alderman of Leeds, and the great grandfather of the historian, Ralph Thoresby. He, however, permitted seven other gentlemen to become joint purchasers, the shares being each one-ninth, reserving a share each for himself and his son. The lords of the Manor still have power to holda Court Leet. The harvests of 1314 and 1315 were very bad, and extensive distress prevailed in Yorkshire, the poor being
LEEDS UNDER THE NORMANS. 27 driven even to devouring the corpses of those who first fell victims to the pangs of starvation. We find,however, that the monks of Kirkstall were very assiduous in cultivating the land, draining themarshes, enclosing and reclaiming commons and woods, by which the district round the neighbourhood of Leeds was considerably improved,and in 1372 we find, instead of the one mill, rude, and valued, according to the Doomsday Book, at four shillings, two corn mills, which, styled " the corn mills of the Queen's Majesty at Leeds," were held by special letters patent under the seal of the Duchy of Lancaster, and it is stated that in the same reign (Edward III.), fulling mills stood near the Castle. In 1376 the increasing prosperity and extent of the town rendered desirablethe building of a bridge over the Aire at Leeds. This,probably, was not the first bridge which took the place of the Roman trajectus or ford, but was most likely the mostpermanent in characterand material, affording a means of transit as well as communication, and is in any case the first bridge of which any distinct mention is made. It was stated to have been built from the ruins of the Castle,but that is not likely,the Castle being used for the imprisonment of RichardII. twentythree years after the noticeof the bridge's erection. The same was also stated of the chantry which was built on the bridge, but this was refuted by the discovery at its demolitionthat the foundations of the chapel were incorporated with those of the bridge itself, The next episode in the history of the county in which Leeds took any part was the disastrous " Pilgrimage of Grace" of 1535. On the dissolution of the innumerable religious houses, and the dispersion of their monkish inmates, these worked on the superstition of the people, and the personal awein which they themselves wereyet held by the ignorant, to arouse an agitation by their harangues,having for an object the reinstatement of the expelled clerics. An immense multitude was speedily raised in the northern counties, and which, armed and
Page 7: Historic Yorkshire.
Page 10 and 11: PRINTEDBY TRED. R. SPARK, "EX,RF.SS
Page 13: CONTENTS. Chapter. I. Alfred, King
Page 16 and 17: 2 ALFRED, KING OF NORTHUMBRIA. nort
Page 18 and 19: 4 ALFRED, KING OF NORTHUMBRIA. his
Page 20 and 21: 6 ALFRED,KING OF NORTHUMBRIA. fosse
Page 22 and 23: CHAPTER II. THE STORY OF ST. JOHN O
Page 24 and 25: 10 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. up the exc
Page 26 and 27: 12 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. milefrom t
Page 28 and 29: 14 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. discrete m
Page 30 and 31: 16 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. beneath th
Page 32 and 33: 18 LEEDS BEFORE THE CONQUEST. There
Page 34 and 35: 20 LEEDS BEFORE THE CONQUEST. North
Page 36 and 37: 22 LEEDS BEFORE THE CONQUEST. Steph
Page 38 and 39: 24 LEEDS UNDER THE NORMANS. This ch
Page 42 and 43: 28 LEEDS UNDER THE NORMANS. accompa
Page 44 and 45: Chapter V, THE JEWISH MASSACRE AT Y
Page 46 and 47: 32 JEWISH MASSACRE AT YORK can enab
Page 48 and 49: 34 JEWISH MASSACRE AT YORK. the lik
Page 50 and 51: Chapter VI. MYSTERY PLAYS IN YORKSH
Page 52 and 53: 38 MYSTERY PLAYSIN YORKSHIRE. was t
Page 54 and 55: 40 MYSTERY PLAYSIN YORKSHIRE. Ah, g
Page 56 and 57: 42 MYSTERY PLAYSIN YORKSHIRE. To wh
Page 58 and 59: 44 MYSTERY PLAYS IN YORKSHIRE. of w
Page 60 and 61: 46 BOLTON ABBEY. The original situa
Page 62 and 63: 48 BOLTON ABBEY. Alice gave the Can
Page 64 and 65: 50 BOLTON ABBEY. Nor did she fear i
Page 66 and 67: Chapter VIII. BLACK-EACED CLIFFORD.
Page 68 and 69: 54 BLACK-FACED CLIFFORD. Duke of Yo
Page 70 and 71: 56 BLACK-FACED CLIFFORD. His career
Page 72 and 73: Chapter IX. THE SHEPHERD LORD. But
Page 74 and 75: 60 THE SHEPHERD LORD. the safety of
Page 76 and 77: 62 THE SHEPHERD LORD. The Shepherd
Page 78 and 79: 64 HENRY THE III.'s CHRISTMAS AT YO
Page 80 and 81: 66 HENRY THE IIL's CHRISTMAS AT YOR
Page 82 and 83: 68 HENRY THE III.'s CHRISTMAS AT YO
Page 84 and 85: 70 THE TRAGIC STORY OF THE ELLANDS.
Page 90 and 91:
Chapter xii. THE FALL AND DEATH OF
Page 92 and 93:
78 THE FALL AND DEATH OF RICHARDII.
Page 94 and 95:
80 THE FALL AND DEATH OF RICHARD II
Page 96 and 97:
82 THE FALL AND DEATH OF RICHARDII.
Page 98 and 99:
84 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. took t
Page 100 and 101:
86 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. and ye
Page 102 and 103:
88 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. threat
Page 104 and 105:
90 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. distur
Page 106 and 107:
92 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. suffer
Page 108 and 109:
94 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. " had
Page 110 and 111:
96 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. upon w
Page 112 and 113:
98 THE BATTLE OF THE STANDARD. We f
Page 114 and 115:
100 THE BATTLE OF THE STANDARD. who
Page 116 and 117:
Chapter XV. THE BATTLE OF WAKEFIELD
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104 THE BATTLE OF WAKEFIELD. the La
Page 120 and 121:
106 THE BATTLE OF WAKEFIELD. the Ca
Page 122 and 123:
Chapter XVI. THE BATTLE OF TOWTON,
Page 124 and 125:
110 THE BATTLE OF TOWTON. their qui
Page 126 and 127:
112 THE BATTLE OF TOWTON. death-blo
Page 128 and 129:
114 THE BATTLE OF MARSTON MOOR. The
Page 130 and 131:
116 THE BATTLE OF MARSTON MOOR. att
Page 132 and 133:
CHAPTER XVIII. THE STORY OF A TAX O
Page 134 and 135:
120 THE STORY OF A TAX. surprising
Page 136 and 137:
122 THE STORY OF A TAX. those who s
Page 138 and 139:
CHAPTER XIX. CATHOLIC PERSECUTION.
Page 140 and 141:
126 CATHOLIC PERSECUTION. At a late
Page 142 and 143:
128 CATHOLIC PERSECUTION. on his wa
Page 144 and 145:
CHAPTER XX. THE STORY OF PONTEFRACT
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132 THE STORY OF PONTEFRACT CASTLE.
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
140 BEVERLEY SANCTUARY. to a church
Page 156 and 157:
142 BEVERLEY SANCTUARY. another tow
Page 158 and 159:
144 BEVERLEY SANCTUARY. masons,2; d
Page 160 and 161:
CHAPTER XXII. DEATH OF THE DUKE OF
Page 162 and 163:
148 DEATH OF THE DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
CHAPTER XXIII. EUGENE ARAM, THE YOR
Page 170 and 171:
156 EUGENE ARAM. who wanted them fo
Page 172 and 173:
158 EUGENE ARAM. sharply, which had
Page 174 and 175:
160 EUGENE ARAM. bones ? " In concl
Page 176 and 177:
Chapter XXIV. HISTORY OF THE YORKSH
Page 178 and 179:
164 YORKSHIRE RESURRECTION MEN. ope
Page 180 and 181:
166 YORKSHIRE RESURRECTION MEN. the
Page 182 and 183:
168 YORKSHIRE RESURRECTION MEN. one
Page 184 and 185:
170 THE LUDDITE RIOTS. in spreading
Page 186 and 187:
172 THE LUDDITE RIOTS. the mastersa
Page 188 and 189:
174 THE LUDDITE RIOTS. two troops o
Page 190 and 191:
Chapter XXVI. ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS.
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178 ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS. property,a
Page 194 and 195:
180 ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS. greatquant
Page 196 and 197:
182 ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS. Lane. In17
Page 198 and 199:
CHAPTER xxvii. THE BISHOP BLAIZE FE
Page 200 and 201:
186 THE BISHOP BLAIZE FESTIVAL. has
Page 202 and 203:
188 THE BISHOP BLAIZE FESTIVAL. Mr.
Page 204 and 205:
190 THE BISHOP BLAIZE FESTIVAL. but
Page 206 and 207:
192 THE PRESS-GANG IN YORKSHIRE. Th
Page 208 and 209:
194 THE PRESS-GANG IN YORKSHIRE. Mr
Page 210 and 211:
196 THE PRESS-GANG IN YORKSHIRE. in
Page 212 and 213:
198 PAGE. Black-faced Clifford, see
Page 214 and 215:
200 PAGE. Laid on a hurdle and drag
Page 216 and 217:
202 INDEX. PAGE. Nevison, highwayma
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204 PAGE. Vaughan, Sir Thomas 133 V
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