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10 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. up the excellent education he had received, he was universallyadmitted to be one of the first, if not the first, of the scholars of his day. Devoidof the slightest trace of arrogance or pride, amiable and pious, he was as revered for his humanity and gentleness as he was respected for his eminence inlearning. A rigid Churchman, he adhered strictly to all the rules of his order; he set apart many hours each day for solitary devotion, and fastednot seldom. It is said ofhim that he was a great admirer of field sports, and had an intense passion for the witnessingand exercising of horsemanship,and, like many a bishop since, was more than fond ofhorse-racing. Of the many remarkable occurrences in which the history of Saint John is closely allied to that of his favourite town, the account of the manner in which the possession ofhis shrine was the means of the church and town receiving its second impetus towards great prosperity is most interesting,besidesfurnishing a noticeable example of the benefits that may arise from superstition inbarbarous times. In the year of our Lord934, or, as some historianshave it,937, the sons of Sithric, the King of Northumbria, who had been exiled for his nonacquiescence in the consolidationof the Heptarchy, had raised the standard of revolt in the north. They were largely reinforced by bodies of Scottish troops, Constantine, King of Scotland, being ever anxious to engage in any dispute or dissension between the rival factions of the south. Athelstane, while marchingnorthwards, was informed of the great power and virtue given out from the shrine of the departed Saint John, and so turned thither out of his way to pay his devotions,leavinghis army to proceed to York, and there await his coming. Arrived at Beverley, he proceeded at midnight to the sacred tomb, under the guidance of the resident Abbot and his monks, and there spent many hours, prostrating himselfbefore the shrine,beseeching the protection of the Saint, and imploringhis aid in the forthcoming struggle. He then made a sort of arrangement, whichpartook of
ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. 11 the nature of a bargain, with the Saint. He promised that if his expeditionproved successful, which of course would be due to the influence of the Saint, he would return to Beverley, and in princely manner evince his gratitudeby amplifyingthe privileges and possessions of theChurch and town. As apledgeof his good intentions in the matter,he concluded the imposing ceremony by drawing his dagger from its scabbard and leavingit upon the high altar to awaitits redemption. As a visible sign of the protection of the Saint, he took with him a consecrated banner, which, no doubt,had considerable effect in inspiriting the superstitious Saxons under him. In addition,it is said that, not overlookingmaterialsupport, whileinvoking the aid of spiritualinfluence,he took with him from Beverleyan armed contingent. The site of the battlein which the success of this expedition was decided is extremelyuncertain, and various are the explanations ofthequestion. Suffice it to say thatat some point north of the Humber a most sanguinaryand obstinate conflict took place,calledthe Battle of Brunnaburgh, inwhich the Scots and their allies sustained a most crushing defeat, beingchased by the conquerors across the Tweed, and as far north as Dumfoeder. According to the legends, Athelstane, the night preceding the encounter, had a vision, in which the holy man of Beverley appeared to him, promising victory for the morrow. The battle is variously known as that of Brunanburgh and Brunnaburgh. Athelstane, keepingin mindhis promise, came back to Beverley, and returning the auspicious banner to its place, proceeded to redeem his pledge and promise. He endowed the monastery with the lordship of Beverley, and gave it other lands. He founded in the church a College of Secular Canons, seven in number, and to be perpetual benefices, witha distinct charter andprivileges; he gave the town the right of sanctuary,a " Frid-stol " or chair of peace beingput in the church near the high altar, and four stone crosses erected in different directionsone
Page 7: Historic Yorkshire.
Page 10 and 11: PRINTEDBY TRED. R. SPARK, "EX,RF.SS
Page 13: CONTENTS. Chapter. I. Alfred, King
Page 16 and 17: 2 ALFRED, KING OF NORTHUMBRIA. nort
Page 18 and 19: 4 ALFRED, KING OF NORTHUMBRIA. his
Page 20 and 21: 6 ALFRED,KING OF NORTHUMBRIA. fosse
Page 22 and 23: CHAPTER II. THE STORY OF ST. JOHN O
Page 26 and 27: 12 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. milefrom t
Page 28 and 29: 14 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. discrete m
Page 30 and 31: 16 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. beneath th
Page 32 and 33: 18 LEEDS BEFORE THE CONQUEST. There
Page 34 and 35: 20 LEEDS BEFORE THE CONQUEST. North
Page 36 and 37: 22 LEEDS BEFORE THE CONQUEST. Steph
Page 38 and 39: 24 LEEDS UNDER THE NORMANS. This ch
Page 40 and 41: 26 LEEDS UNDER THE NORMANS. compani
Page 42 and 43: 28 LEEDS UNDER THE NORMANS. accompa
Page 44 and 45: Chapter V, THE JEWISH MASSACRE AT Y
Page 46 and 47: 32 JEWISH MASSACRE AT YORK can enab
Page 48 and 49: 34 JEWISH MASSACRE AT YORK. the lik
Page 50 and 51: Chapter VI. MYSTERY PLAYS IN YORKSH
Page 52 and 53: 38 MYSTERY PLAYSIN YORKSHIRE. was t
Page 54 and 55: 40 MYSTERY PLAYSIN YORKSHIRE. Ah, g
Page 56 and 57: 42 MYSTERY PLAYSIN YORKSHIRE. To wh
Page 58 and 59: 44 MYSTERY PLAYS IN YORKSHIRE. of w
Page 60 and 61: 46 BOLTON ABBEY. The original situa
Page 62 and 63: 48 BOLTON ABBEY. Alice gave the Can
Page 64 and 65: 50 BOLTON ABBEY. Nor did she fear i
Page 66 and 67: Chapter VIII. BLACK-EACED CLIFFORD.
Page 68 and 69: 54 BLACK-FACED CLIFFORD. Duke of Yo
Page 70 and 71: 56 BLACK-FACED CLIFFORD. His career
Page 72 and 73: Chapter IX. THE SHEPHERD LORD. But
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60 THE SHEPHERD LORD. the safety of
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62 THE SHEPHERD LORD. The Shepherd
Page 78 and 79:
64 HENRY THE III.'s CHRISTMAS AT YO
Page 80 and 81:
66 HENRY THE IIL's CHRISTMAS AT YOR
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68 HENRY THE III.'s CHRISTMAS AT YO
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70 THE TRAGIC STORY OF THE ELLANDS.
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Chapter xii. THE FALL AND DEATH OF
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78 THE FALL AND DEATH OF RICHARDII.
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80 THE FALL AND DEATH OF RICHARD II
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82 THE FALL AND DEATH OF RICHARDII.
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84 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. took t
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86 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. and ye
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88 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. threat
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90 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. distur
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92 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. suffer
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94 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. " had
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96 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. upon w
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98 THE BATTLE OF THE STANDARD. We f
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100 THE BATTLE OF THE STANDARD. who
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Chapter XV. THE BATTLE OF WAKEFIELD
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104 THE BATTLE OF WAKEFIELD. the La
Page 120 and 121:
106 THE BATTLE OF WAKEFIELD. the Ca
Page 122 and 123:
Chapter XVI. THE BATTLE OF TOWTON,
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110 THE BATTLE OF TOWTON. their qui
Page 126 and 127:
112 THE BATTLE OF TOWTON. death-blo
Page 128 and 129:
114 THE BATTLE OF MARSTON MOOR. The
Page 130 and 131:
116 THE BATTLE OF MARSTON MOOR. att
Page 132 and 133:
CHAPTER XVIII. THE STORY OF A TAX O
Page 134 and 135:
120 THE STORY OF A TAX. surprising
Page 136 and 137:
122 THE STORY OF A TAX. those who s
Page 138 and 139:
CHAPTER XIX. CATHOLIC PERSECUTION.
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126 CATHOLIC PERSECUTION. At a late
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128 CATHOLIC PERSECUTION. on his wa
Page 144 and 145:
CHAPTER XX. THE STORY OF PONTEFRACT
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132 THE STORY OF PONTEFRACT CASTLE.
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Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
140 BEVERLEY SANCTUARY. to a church
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142 BEVERLEY SANCTUARY. another tow
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144 BEVERLEY SANCTUARY. masons,2; d
Page 160 and 161:
CHAPTER XXII. DEATH OF THE DUKE OF
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148 DEATH OF THE DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM
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Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
CHAPTER XXIII. EUGENE ARAM, THE YOR
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156 EUGENE ARAM. who wanted them fo
Page 172 and 173:
158 EUGENE ARAM. sharply, which had
Page 174 and 175:
160 EUGENE ARAM. bones ? " In concl
Page 176 and 177:
Chapter XXIV. HISTORY OF THE YORKSH
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164 YORKSHIRE RESURRECTION MEN. ope
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166 YORKSHIRE RESURRECTION MEN. the
Page 182 and 183:
168 YORKSHIRE RESURRECTION MEN. one
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170 THE LUDDITE RIOTS. in spreading
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172 THE LUDDITE RIOTS. the mastersa
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174 THE LUDDITE RIOTS. two troops o
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Chapter XXVI. ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS.
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178 ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS. property,a
Page 194 and 195:
180 ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS. greatquant
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182 ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS. Lane. In17
Page 198 and 199:
CHAPTER xxvii. THE BISHOP BLAIZE FE
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186 THE BISHOP BLAIZE FESTIVAL. has
Page 202 and 203:
188 THE BISHOP BLAIZE FESTIVAL. Mr.
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190 THE BISHOP BLAIZE FESTIVAL. but
Page 206 and 207:
192 THE PRESS-GANG IN YORKSHIRE. Th
Page 208 and 209:
194 THE PRESS-GANG IN YORKSHIRE. Mr
Page 210 and 211:
196 THE PRESS-GANG IN YORKSHIRE. in
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198 PAGE. Black-faced Clifford, see
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200 PAGE. Laid on a hurdle and drag
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202 INDEX. PAGE. Nevison, highwayma
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204 PAGE. Vaughan, Sir Thomas 133 V
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