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140 BEVERLEY SANCTUARY. to a church. This was to give him time to providefor himself or compound for his crime. It is stated that if anyoneviolatedthe sanctuary byinflicting bonds,wounds, or blows upon the refugee, he was compelled to pay the price set on the life of a man, and the sum of onehundred and twenty shillings (a large amount in those days) to the officiating ministerin the church. The law of sanctuary was moreclearly defined in the fourth year of the reignof William the Conqueror,and its privileges in some instances wereremarkable. We have a good example in the founding of Battle Abbey. The King invested the Abbot with authority to save any malefactor if he (the Abbot) happened to come to the place of execution; and, moreover, he constituted the Abbey church a place of safety for any felon or murderer. The generalprivilege of sanctuary was intended to be only temporary. Within forty days after a felon or murderer had taken refuge he was, we are told, to appear before the coroner,clothedin sackcloth,and there confess his crime and abjure the realm. By Act 21, Henry, c. 2, immediately after confession, and before abjuration, he was to be branded bythe coronerwitha hotiron upon the brawn of the thumb ofhis right hand with the sign of the letterA,to the intent hemight bethebetterknown among the King's subjects to have abjured. If an offender did not make the required confession and abjuration within forty days, and continued in the sanctuary,any person who provided him with provisions was guilty of felony. During the reign of Henry VIII. considerable changes weremade in the privilegesof sanctuary. Inhis time an Act was passed on account of the realm being much diminishedby persons taking sanctuary and abjuring the realm,and who instructed foreigners in archery, and disclosed the secrets of the realm. It wasenacted thatevery person abjuring was to repair to some sanctuary within the realm,whichhimself should choose, and there remain during his natural life,and to be sworn before the coroner
BEVERLEY SANCTUARY. 141 uponhis abjuration so to do. But if he went out of the sanctuary, unless discharged by the King's pardon, and committed murder or felony, he was liable to be brought to trial for his offence, and was excludedfrom the right of sanctuary. At a later date an Act was passed excluding from the privilege of sanctuaryallpersons accused ofhigh treason. According to a lawmadein this King's reignall sanctuary persons were to wear a badge or cognisance, to be assignedand appointed by the governorof every sanctuary,openlyupon their upper garment, of the compass in length and breadthoften inches,under painof forfeiting all the privilegesof sanctuary. They were prevented from carrying any sword or any other weapon, except their meat knives, and those only at their meals. They werenot to leave their lodgings between sunrise and sunset, under penalty of forfeiting their sanctuary for the third such offence. The same King greatlyrestricted the number of privilegedplaces. In the reign of the next King, viz.,Edward VI., the right of sanctuary was further restrained; and at length, by the statute of James I., this ancient usage receivedits death-blow, and shortly afterwards was totallyabolished. We have so far collated notes respecting the general history ofthe sanctuary. We next desire to direct attention to one of the most historically interesting places of refuge— that of Beverley. According to Oliver,inhis " History ofBeverley," published in 1829, we find that the right of sanctuary was granted to the Church of St. John ofBeverleybythe pious munificence of Athelstane; and a Fridstol, or chair of peace, was placed in a conspicuous situation near the altar, as an emblem of protection to the refugee. The limitsof the sanctuary,called Legua,werecomprehended within the circumference of a circle,of which the church was the centre, and whose radius was about a mile. It was defined by four crosses, which were placed on the four principal roads leadingto the town. One was called Molescroft Cross, and stood near Leckonfield Park ;
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Historic Yorkshire.
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PRINTEDBY TRED. R. SPARK, "EX,RF.SS
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CONTENTS. Chapter. I. Alfred, King
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2 ALFRED, KING OF NORTHUMBRIA. nort
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4 ALFRED, KING OF NORTHUMBRIA. his
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6 ALFRED,KING OF NORTHUMBRIA. fosse
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CHAPTER II. THE STORY OF ST. JOHN O
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10 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. up the exc
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12 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. milefrom t
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14 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. discrete m
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16 ST. JOHN OF BEVERLEY. beneath th
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18 LEEDS BEFORE THE CONQUEST. There
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20 LEEDS BEFORE THE CONQUEST. North
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22 LEEDS BEFORE THE CONQUEST. Steph
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24 LEEDS UNDER THE NORMANS. This ch
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26 LEEDS UNDER THE NORMANS. compani
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28 LEEDS UNDER THE NORMANS. accompa
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Chapter V, THE JEWISH MASSACRE AT Y
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32 JEWISH MASSACRE AT YORK can enab
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34 JEWISH MASSACRE AT YORK. the lik
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Chapter VI. MYSTERY PLAYS IN YORKSH
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38 MYSTERY PLAYSIN YORKSHIRE. was t
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40 MYSTERY PLAYSIN YORKSHIRE. Ah, g
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42 MYSTERY PLAYSIN YORKSHIRE. To wh
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44 MYSTERY PLAYS IN YORKSHIRE. of w
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46 BOLTON ABBEY. The original situa
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48 BOLTON ABBEY. Alice gave the Can
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50 BOLTON ABBEY. Nor did she fear i
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Chapter VIII. BLACK-EACED CLIFFORD.
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54 BLACK-FACED CLIFFORD. Duke of Yo
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56 BLACK-FACED CLIFFORD. His career
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Chapter IX. THE SHEPHERD LORD. But
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60 THE SHEPHERD LORD. the safety of
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62 THE SHEPHERD LORD. The Shepherd
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64 HENRY THE III.'s CHRISTMAS AT YO
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66 HENRY THE IIL's CHRISTMAS AT YOR
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68 HENRY THE III.'s CHRISTMAS AT YO
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70 THE TRAGIC STORY OF THE ELLANDS.
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Page 88 and 89:
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Chapter xii. THE FALL AND DEATH OF
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78 THE FALL AND DEATH OF RICHARDII.
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80 THE FALL AND DEATH OF RICHARD II
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82 THE FALL AND DEATH OF RICHARDII.
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84 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. took t
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86 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. and ye
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88 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. threat
Page 104 and 105: 90 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. distur
Page 106 and 107: 92 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. suffer
Page 108 and 109: 94 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. " had
Page 110 and 111: 96 THE STORY OF YORK CASTLE. upon w
Page 112 and 113: 98 THE BATTLE OF THE STANDARD. We f
Page 114 and 115: 100 THE BATTLE OF THE STANDARD. who
Page 116 and 117: Chapter XV. THE BATTLE OF WAKEFIELD
Page 118 and 119: 104 THE BATTLE OF WAKEFIELD. the La
Page 120 and 121: 106 THE BATTLE OF WAKEFIELD. the Ca
Page 122 and 123: Chapter XVI. THE BATTLE OF TOWTON,
Page 124 and 125: 110 THE BATTLE OF TOWTON. their qui
Page 126 and 127: 112 THE BATTLE OF TOWTON. death-blo
Page 128 and 129: 114 THE BATTLE OF MARSTON MOOR. The
Page 130 and 131: 116 THE BATTLE OF MARSTON MOOR. att
Page 132 and 133: CHAPTER XVIII. THE STORY OF A TAX O
Page 134 and 135: 120 THE STORY OF A TAX. surprising
Page 136 and 137: 122 THE STORY OF A TAX. those who s
Page 138 and 139: CHAPTER XIX. CATHOLIC PERSECUTION.
Page 140 and 141: 126 CATHOLIC PERSECUTION. At a late
Page 142 and 143: 128 CATHOLIC PERSECUTION. on his wa
Page 144 and 145: CHAPTER XX. THE STORY OF PONTEFRACT
Page 146 and 147: 132 THE STORY OF PONTEFRACT CASTLE.
Page 156 and 157: 142 BEVERLEY SANCTUARY. another tow
Page 158 and 159: 144 BEVERLEY SANCTUARY. masons,2; d
Page 160 and 161: CHAPTER XXII. DEATH OF THE DUKE OF
Page 162 and 163: 148 DEATH OF THE DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM
Page 168 and 169: CHAPTER XXIII. EUGENE ARAM, THE YOR
Page 170 and 171: 156 EUGENE ARAM. who wanted them fo
Page 172 and 173: 158 EUGENE ARAM. sharply, which had
Page 174 and 175: 160 EUGENE ARAM. bones ? " In concl
Page 176 and 177: Chapter XXIV. HISTORY OF THE YORKSH
Page 178 and 179: 164 YORKSHIRE RESURRECTION MEN. ope
Page 180 and 181: 166 YORKSHIRE RESURRECTION MEN. the
Page 182 and 183: 168 YORKSHIRE RESURRECTION MEN. one
Page 184 and 185: 170 THE LUDDITE RIOTS. in spreading
Page 186 and 187: 172 THE LUDDITE RIOTS. the mastersa
Page 188 and 189: 174 THE LUDDITE RIOTS. two troops o
Page 190 and 191: Chapter XXVI. ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS.
Page 192 and 193: 178 ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS. property,a
Page 194 and 195: 180 ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS. greatquant
Page 196 and 197: 182 ECHOES OF OLD LEEDS. Lane. In17
Page 198 and 199: CHAPTER xxvii. THE BISHOP BLAIZE FE
Page 200 and 201: 186 THE BISHOP BLAIZE FESTIVAL. has
Page 202 and 203: 188 THE BISHOP BLAIZE FESTIVAL. Mr.
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190 THE BISHOP BLAIZE FESTIVAL. but
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192 THE PRESS-GANG IN YORKSHIRE. Th
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194 THE PRESS-GANG IN YORKSHIRE. Mr
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196 THE PRESS-GANG IN YORKSHIRE. in
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198 PAGE. Black-faced Clifford, see
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200 PAGE. Laid on a hurdle and drag
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202 INDEX. PAGE. Nevison, highwayma
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204 PAGE. Vaughan, Sir Thomas 133 V
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