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Table <strong>of</strong> Contents XV<br />

17.1.2.3.1.3 By Formation <strong>of</strong> One O—C Bond ............................................ 96<br />

17.1.2.3.1.3.1 Method 1: From (2-Hydroxyaryl)(2-nitroaryl)amines .................... 96<br />

17.1.2.3.1.3.2 Method 2: From Bis(2-alkoxyaryl)amines ............................... 96<br />

17.1.2.3.1.3.3 Method 3: From 2,5-Dianilinobenzo-1,4-quinones ...................... 97<br />

17.1.2.3.1.4 By Formation <strong>of</strong> One N—C Bond ............................................ 99<br />

17.1.2.3.1.4.1 Method 1: From Diaryl Ethers ......................................... 99<br />

17.1.2.3.1.4.1.1 Variation 1: By Cyclization <strong>of</strong> 2-Aminoaryl 2-Haloaryl Ethers .............. 99<br />

17.1.2.3.1.4.1.2 Variation 2: By Cyclization <strong>of</strong> 2-Aminoaryl 2-Nitroaryl Ethers ............ 101<br />

17.1.2.3.1.4.1.3 Variation 3: By Cyclization <strong>of</strong> 2-Aminoaryl or 2-Nitroaryl Aryl Ethers ..... 101<br />

17.1.2.3.2 Synthesis by Substituent Modification ..................................... 102<br />

17.1.2.3.2.1 Substitution <strong>of</strong> Existing Substituents ....................................... 102<br />

17.1.2.3.2.1.1 Of Hydrogen ............................................................. 102<br />

17.1.2.3.2.1.1.1 Method 1: By Metalation ............................................. 102<br />

17.1.2.3.2.1.1.2 Method 2: By Friedel–Crafts Acylation, Halogenation, or Nitration ...... 103<br />

17.1.2.3.2.1.1.3 Method 3: By Oxidative Substitution .................................. 104<br />

17.1.2.3.2.1.2 Of Alkyl Groups .......................................................... 105<br />

17.1.2.3.2.1.2.1 Method 1: Demethylation ............................................ 105<br />

17.1.2.3.2.1.3 Of Halogen ............................................................... 105<br />

17.1.2.3.2.1.3.1 Method 1: Reductive Dehalogenation ................................. 105<br />

17.1.2.3.2.2 Modification <strong>of</strong> Substituents .............................................. 105<br />

17.1.2.3.2.2.1 Method 1: Reductive O-Methylation <strong>of</strong> Phenoxazin-3-one .............. 105<br />

17.1.2.4 1,4-Oxaphosphinines and Phenoxaphosphines ............................. 106<br />

17.1.2.4.1 Synthesis by Ring-Closure Reactions ....................................... 106<br />

17.1.2.4.1.1 By Formation <strong>of</strong> Two O—C Bonds .......................................... 106<br />

17.1.2.4.1.1.1 Method 1: From Phosphorylethenamines ............................. 106<br />

17.1.2.4.1.1.2 Method 2: From Bis(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)phosphinic acid .............. 106<br />

17.1.2.4.1.2 By Formation <strong>of</strong> One O—C and One P—C Bond ............................. 107<br />

17.1.2.4.1.2.1 Method 1: From Alkynylphosphines and Bromo Ketones ............... 107<br />

17.1.2.4.1.2.2 Method 2: From 1-Phenyl-2-(triphenylphosphonio)ethenolate ......... 107<br />

17.1.2.4.1.3 By Formation <strong>of</strong> Two P—C Bonds ........................................... 108<br />

17.1.2.4.1.3.1 Method 1: From Diaryl Ethers ........................................ 108<br />

17.1.2.4.1.3.1.1 Variation 1: From Bis(2-lithiophenyl) Ether ............................. 108<br />

17.1.2.4.1.3.1.2 Variation 2: With Phosphorus Chlorides and Aluminum Trichloride ....... 108<br />

17.1.2.4.1.3.1.3 Variation 3: From Diaryl Ether 2-Diazonium Salts ....................... 109<br />

17.1.2.4.2 Synthesis by Substituent Modification ..................................... 110<br />

17.1.2.4.2.1 Substitution <strong>of</strong> Existing Substituents ....................................... 110<br />

17.1.2.4.2.1.1 Of Heteroatoms .......................................................... 110<br />

17.1.2.4.2.1.1.1 Method 1: By Reduction <strong>of</strong> 4-Substituted Oxaphosphinines 4-Oxides ... 110

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