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Table <strong>of</strong> Contents LIX<br />

17.6.5.2.2.1.2 Variation 2: By Photolysis <strong>of</strong> 1a,3a,3b,9a,9b,11a-Hexahydrocycloocta[3¢,4¢]cyclobuta[1¢,2¢:5,6]cycloocta[1,2-b]oxirene<br />

and Similar Compounds<br />

.................................................. 1019<br />

17.7 Product Class 7: Cyclazines<br />

Y. Tominaga<br />

17.7 Product Class 7: Cyclazines ............................................. 1025<br />

17.7.1 Product Subclass 1: [2.2.2]Cyclazine (Pyrrolo[2,1,5-cd]pyrrolizine) ...... 1025<br />

17.7.2 Product Subclass 2: [2.2.3]Cyclazines (Pyrrolo[2,1,5-cd]indolizines)<br />

and Related Compounds ................................................ 1026<br />

17.7.2.1 [2.2.3]Cyclazines (Pyrrolo[2,1,5-cd]indolizines) ............................ 1027<br />

17.7.2.1.1 Synthesis by Ring-Closure Reactions ...................................... 1027<br />

17.7.2.1.1.1 By Formation <strong>of</strong> Two C—C Bonds ......................................... 1027<br />

17.7.2.1.1.1.1 Method 1: [8p +2p]-Cycloaddition Reactions ........................ 1027<br />

17.7.2.1.1.1.2 Method 2: From Methyl Indolizines via Intramolecular Cyclization <strong>of</strong><br />

Indolizine Carboxyaldehydes .............................. 1030<br />

17.7.2.1.1.1.3 Method 3: Addition <strong>of</strong> Vilsmeier Salts to Nitromethane ............... 1031<br />

17.7.2.1.1.1.4 Method 4: Reaction <strong>of</strong> 3H-Pyrrolizine with Vinyleneamidinium Salt .... 1031<br />

17.7.2.1.1.2 By Formation <strong>of</strong> One C—C Bond .......................................... 1032<br />

17.7.2.1.1.2.1 Method 1: Intramolecular Cyclization <strong>of</strong> Hexahydroindolizinone<br />

Followed by Dehydrogenation ............................ 1032<br />

17.7.2.1.2 Synthesis by Substituent Modification .................................... 1033<br />

17.7.2.1.2.1 Substitution <strong>of</strong> Existing Substituents ...................................... 1033<br />

17.7.2.1.2.1.1 Of Hydrogen ......................................................... 1033<br />

17.7.2.1.2.1.1.1 Method 1: Friedel–Crafts Acylation <strong>of</strong> [2.2.3]Cyclazine ................ 1033<br />

17.7.2.1.2.1.1.2 Method 2: Nitration <strong>of</strong> [2.2.3]Cyclazine Followed by Reductive Ayclation<br />

<strong>of</strong> Nitrocyclazine ......................................... 1033<br />

17.7.2.1.2.1.2 Of Carbon Functionalities ................................................ 1034<br />

17.7.2.1.2.1.2.1 Method 1: Hydrolysis <strong>of</strong> Dimethyl Pyrrolo[2,1,5-cd]indolizine-<br />

1,2-dicarboxylate ........................................ 1034<br />

17.7.2.2 Benzo- and Dibenzo[2.2.3]cyclazines ..................................... 1035<br />

17.7.2.2.1 Synthesis by Ring-Closure Reactions ...................................... 1035<br />

17.7.2.2.1.1 By Formation <strong>of</strong> Two C—C Bonds ......................................... 1035<br />

17.7.2.2.1.1.1 Method 1: [8p +2p]-Cycloaddition Reactions ........................ 1035<br />

17.7.2.3 Aza- and Diaza[2.2.3]cyclazines .......................................... 1037<br />

17.7.2.3.1 Synthesis by Ring-Closure Reactions ...................................... 1038<br />

17.7.2.3.1.1 By Formation <strong>of</strong> Two N—C Bonds ......................................... 1038<br />

17.7.2.3.1.1.1 Method 1: Reaction <strong>of</strong> a Pyrrolizinium Perchlorate with Ammonia ..... 1038<br />

17.7.2.3.1.2 By Formation <strong>of</strong> Two C—C Bonds ......................................... 1039

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