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Cal cul ati onal Day 1 2 3 4 5 Table 111-1. Time Steps Days of the Year Sampled NOTE: Day 354.75 is winter solstice Cal cul ati onal Time Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 *ASTART = 75' 66 I' 81.0 is spring equinox I' 172.25 is sumner solstice Day of the Year NYEAR = 3 NYEAR = 5 354.75 354 075 81 :O 35.375 172.25 , 81.0 Hours after Sol ar NOON Sampl ed* 126.625 172.25 HRDEL = 1. HRDEL = 2. Day = Day = Day = Day = Day = Day = 354 . 75 81 . 172.25 354.75 81 . 172.25 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 3.3 4. 4. 3. 3. 3. 4.8 5.8 3.3 4. 4. 4.8 5. 5.8
III. A - 9. IPROB=2, Sing1 e Calculational Time-DELS 0 L calculates the performance only at UTIME hours past solar noon (UTIME is negative in the morning) on the UDAY day of the year (Namelist BASIC). III. A-4. IPROB=S, Matriz of Sun Angles-Instead of calculating performances at certain specified times, this option allows the user to obtain the performance at certain specified sun angles. NUAZ values of the azimuthal angle, UAZ, and NUEL values of the zenith angle, UEL, are considered in all possible pairwise combinations. III.A-5. Selection of NYEAR, HRDEL, and Reference Times-Both accuracy and calculational time of the performance calculation (but not the optimization calculational time) increase with the number of day and hourly time steps chosen. Fortunately, a relatively few days (3 to 5) and a reasonable time step (1 hour) appear to produce accuracies better than 1%. Generally, it is better to decrease HRDEL than to increase NYEAR when attempting to increase accuracy. Two times of the year have special significance. First, REFTIM hours past noon on the REFDAY day of the year is called the reference time. This is the time of the year which is used to determine the design point power levels of the system, as described in Section 1V.C-1. Second, HCANT hours past noon of the DCANT day is used to determine the off-axis canting of heliostats, if any, as described in Section 1I.D-2. The reference time must correspond to one calculational time. In addition, daily start-up and shutdown times are determined by the user-specified zenith angle, ASTART (< 90"). Default values are: NYEAR = 5 HRDEL = 1.0 ASTART = 75.0" REFTIM = 0.0 (solar noon) REFDAY = 81.0 (equinox, March 21) HCANT = 0.0 DCANT = 81.0 1II.B. Seasonal and Daily Variation of Sun Positions and Sunshape The performance of a system is dependent on the position of the sun, the ac- tual insolation, the shape of the sun, and weather effects, all of which can vary with time. 67
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- SANDIA REPORT SAND86-8018 Unlimit
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SAND 86-8018 Unlimited Release Prin
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' The computer code which this repo
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I. Introduction CONTENTS A. Differe
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1. More Accurate Images from Canted
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VII. Comparison of DELSOL, MIRVAL,
Page 16 and 17: 111-1 Insolation Models 111-2 Atmos
Page 19 and 20: A USER’S MANUAL FOR DELSOLS: A CO
Page 21 and 22: owing, blocking, atmospheric attenu
Page 23: The fourth major enhancement in DEL
Page 26 and 27: W- 26 S ? Jr RECEIVER NORMAL COORDI
Page 28 and 29: ZONE FlEL 180" Figure 11-3. Surroun
Page 30 and 31: 30 ZONE 60 Figure 11-4. Method of Z
Page 32 and 33: Figure 11-5. North-only Field (INOR
Page 34 and 35: 34 N' Figure 11-6. Code Defined Fie
Page 36 and 37: 36 Figure 11-7. Schematic Diagram o
Page 38 and 39: -SLEW (1)- Figure 11-8. Example of
Page 40 and 41: Figure 11-9. Radial Stagger Arrange
Page 42 and 43: Note that when IDENS=l or 2 the azi
Page 44 and 45: J1.D. Heliostats Either rectangular
Page 46 and 47: Given that heliostats will be mass
Page 48 and 49: (A) FLAT REFLECTED RAY FROM (B) FOC
Page 50 and 51: IROUND = 0 WM = 9.91 (m) HM = 9.93
Page 52 and 53: That is, the aperture is always loc
Page 54 and 55: controlled by the IAUTOP parameter
Page 56 and 57: only be used with rectangular cavit
Page 58 and 59: grid of points on the DELSOL assume
Page 60 and 61: W E Figure 11-17. Flux Points on a
Page 62 and 63: flux point grid defined during syst
Page 64 and 65: To see whether this problem is occu
Page 68 and 69: 1II.B-I. Position 01 the Sun-The su
Page 70 and 71: where SO is given by Equation (1II.
Page 72 and 73: c 0 w V c LL .r a 0 0 0 0 0 s /s 0
Page 74 and 75: 1II.C. Field Performance Calculatio
Page 76 and 77: 1II.F. Flux Density and SDillane Th
Page 78 and 79: III. G-1. Atmospheric Attenuation:
Page 80 and 81: eceiver) or with aperture area (cav
Page 82 and 83: In other words, PLOST,R is the same
Page 84 and 85: Following the approach in the previ
Page 86 and 87: 86 - - - LLLLLL www CLee o m 4 I i
Page 88 and 89: This approximate method of calculat
Page 90 and 91: RECEIVER STARTUP WEATHER SUN PARASI
Page 92 and 93: 111.1. Relationship Between Perform
Page 95 and 96: IV. System Optimization Calculation
Page 97 and 98: power and annual energy. Section 11
Page 99 and 100: , . IV.A-7. Calculation of Annual E
Page 101 and 102: . production. When each design powe
Page 103 and 104: large enough fraction of total capi
Page 105 and 106: _____ Table IV-2. Design Parameters
Page 107 and 108: DELSOL will examine NUMHTW (520) eq
Page 109 and 110: The final step of cavity receiver o
Page 111 and 112: . furthermore, that the assumed tur
Page 113 and 114: point in the NMXFLX(1) array (I=l,
Page 115 and 116: , flux level. DELSOL determines the
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optimum for any power level is 13.
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I V. System Costs and Economics Whi
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for meteorological equipment. The d
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0 co I I I 0 co J 0 c\! c, 0 3 Ln 0
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w/2 x RWCAV W/2 x RWCAV IN (180. -
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S M ~ , = ~ solar F multiple for re
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nSTOR is determined from an assumed
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CTK,REF (CSTREF) = $9.70 x loG VTK,
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XHE,A = scaling exponent. ni is cal
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. CCFIXED = 2.OE6 +'0.14 x DCC + 0.
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(V.B - 6) The discount rate rDIS is
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VI. Program Flow DELSOL can be used
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.I c to reach a certain design powe
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an optimum storage size based on en
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I Read i n N + K t x ] ITAPE=O or 1
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Read in System Definition from File
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. TABLE VI-2 OUTPIJT FROM OPTIMIZAT
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) Power level specific for detailed
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V1.B. DescriDtion of Subroutines in
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C cy c: C C
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L C c C c C c: C c C C c C C C c: c
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C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C
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At the time of the comparisons MIRV
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164 n m W * ? 0 F F 0 ( z W /M W) X
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166 Phase 1; CDRL Item 2, Pilot Pla
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168 43. Vittitoe, C. N. et al., “
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since the values have been already
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Title Card $BASIC$ $FIELD$ $HSTAT$
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IPROB NYEAR HRDEL UDAY UTIME NUAZ N
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TDESP PLAT ALT INSOL SOLCON IWEATH
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REFTIM REFSOL ASTART IATM ATMl ATM2
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IHPR NLAND XTOWER YTOWER (I= 1 ,NLA
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182 1 1-40 2 1-10 11-20 3 1-10 11-2
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SIGTX SIGTY ICANT NCANTX NCANTY HCA
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THT TOWL TOWD IREC W H RRECL IAUTOP
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For cavities or flat plates, the fo
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NXFLX FAZMIN FAZMAX 190 AZMF (North
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NMXFLXY) identifies the exact point
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REFPRL FSP FEP EFFSTR PF SMULT IP H
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IHOPT NUMTHT THTST THTEND NUMREC WS
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SMULT IPLFL(1) (I=l ,NUMOPT) IPROPT
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CH CL CWR CWDR CWDA ITHT CTOWl CTOW
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ICHE CHEREF PHEREF XHEP APHREF PPHR
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CKNREF PKNREF XKN 204 Sodium-to-sal
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TC TR FDEBT RDEBT ROE IDEP NDEP NYO
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The next set of cards is read at th
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value of insolation from the specif
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For optimizing cavity depth, the IO
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For the final detailed performance
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from that specified during the opti
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Sample Problem 4 - User Defined Fie
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GLOSSARY Absorber: The portion of t
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Heat Exchanger: A component in whic
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Receiver System Efficiency: The rat
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Variable AEVMAX AEVREF AFDC ALP(I)
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Variable H H20 HCANT HM HPANL HRDEL
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Variable PARL7,PARLI) PARL9,PARLlO
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Variable W WEATH WEND WM WPANL WST
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Analysis Review and Critique 6503 8
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Martin Marietta Aerospace P.O. Box
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Stone and Webster Engineering Corpo
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