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36 Figure 11-7. Schematic Diagram of Heliostat Numbering and "ROWS" in an Individual Heliostat Field (IUSERF=3, Namelist FIELD) Row 1: Heliostats 1- 8 2 9-16 3 17-20 4 2 1-28 N
of zones follows a “law of diminishing returns.” The default values offer a good compromise: NRAD = 12 INORTH = 0 NAZM = 12 AMAXN = 82.5 The default field option is IUSERF=O for an initial performance calculation and IUSERF=2 for a performance rerun where ITAPE=3. The default field lim- its encompass most designs: RADMIN = 0.75 RADMAX = 7.5 I1.B-3. Rotating Fields-DELSOL can analyze central receiver systems that rotate (IROTFLZO). The rotation is synchronous with the azimuthal motion of the sun. An observer rotating with the field will only see the sun move vertically in one dimension. There is no apparent azimuthal motion of the sun. DELSOL also assumes that the receiver is in synchronous rotation. When using rotating fields, the azimuthal angle of the sun (when viewed from the field) always appears to be due sauth. (Note: In optimizing rotating field systems, DELSOL does not include the cost of the extra land required to allow the field to rotate.) l1.B-4. Land Constrained Heliostat Field-DELSOL allows the user to sub- ject the heliostat field (not including the tower) to an existing land constraint. If NLANDrO (namelist FIELD for performance calculations; namelist OPT for design optimizations), then all heliostats must be within one of NLAND user defined rectangles. The rectangles can have arbitrary size, displacement, and ori- entation and may or may not overlap, as illustrated in Figure 11-8. The center of the Ith rectangle is CLE(1) meters east and CLN(1) meters north of the first rectangle; therefore, CLE(l)=CLN(l)=O. ALP(1) is the angle, in degrees, that the sides of the Ith rectangle are rotated from the N-S and E-W axes. ALP(1) is positive for a clockwise rotation view from above. SLNS(1) and SLEW(1) are the length, in meters, of the sides of the Ith rectangle, which, prior to rotation by ALP(I), were parallel to the N-S and E-W axes, respectively. In a land constrained field it is necessary to specify the location of the tower. In performance calculations a single tower position is considered. The center of the tower is YTOWER meters north and XTOWER meters east of the center of the first land constraint rectangle. In design optimization calculations DELSOL can search to find the optimum tower location. DELSOL considers NUMPOS equally spaced tower locations along a line from a first tower position of XTPST meters east, YTPST meters north to a final tower position XTPEND meters east, YTPEND meters north. 37
Page 1 and 2: - SANDIA REPORT SAND86-8018 Unlimit
Page 3: SAND 86-8018 Unlimited Release Prin
Page 6 and 7: ' The computer code which this repo
Page 9 and 10: I. Introduction CONTENTS A. Differe
Page 11 and 12: 1. More Accurate Images from Canted
Page 13: VII. Comparison of DELSOL, MIRVAL,
Page 16 and 17: 111-1 Insolation Models 111-2 Atmos
Page 19 and 20: A USER’S MANUAL FOR DELSOLS: A CO
Page 21 and 22: owing, blocking, atmospheric attenu
Page 23: The fourth major enhancement in DEL
Page 26 and 27: W- 26 S ? Jr RECEIVER NORMAL COORDI
Page 28 and 29: ZONE FlEL 180" Figure 11-3. Surroun
Page 30 and 31: 30 ZONE 60 Figure 11-4. Method of Z
Page 32 and 33: Figure 11-5. North-only Field (INOR
Page 34 and 35: 34 N' Figure 11-6. Code Defined Fie
Page 38 and 39: -SLEW (1)- Figure 11-8. Example of
Page 40 and 41: Figure 11-9. Radial Stagger Arrange
Page 42 and 43: Note that when IDENS=l or 2 the azi
Page 44 and 45: J1.D. Heliostats Either rectangular
Page 46 and 47: Given that heliostats will be mass
Page 48 and 49: (A) FLAT REFLECTED RAY FROM (B) FOC
Page 50 and 51: IROUND = 0 WM = 9.91 (m) HM = 9.93
Page 52 and 53: That is, the aperture is always loc
Page 54 and 55: controlled by the IAUTOP parameter
Page 56 and 57: only be used with rectangular cavit
Page 58 and 59: grid of points on the DELSOL assume
Page 60 and 61: W E Figure 11-17. Flux Points on a
Page 62 and 63: flux point grid defined during syst
Page 64 and 65: To see whether this problem is occu
Page 66 and 67: Cal cul ati onal Day 1 2 3 4 5 Tabl
Page 68 and 69: 1II.B-I. Position 01 the Sun-The su
Page 70 and 71: where SO is given by Equation (1II.
Page 72 and 73: c 0 w V c LL .r a 0 0 0 0 0 s /s 0
Page 74 and 75: 1II.C. Field Performance Calculatio
Page 76 and 77: 1II.F. Flux Density and SDillane Th
Page 78 and 79: III. G-1. Atmospheric Attenuation:
Page 80 and 81: eceiver) or with aperture area (cav
Page 82 and 83: In other words, PLOST,R is the same
Page 84 and 85: Following the approach in the previ
Page 86 and 87:
86 - - - LLLLLL www CLee o m 4 I i
Page 88 and 89:
This approximate method of calculat
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RECEIVER STARTUP WEATHER SUN PARASI
Page 92 and 93:
111.1. Relationship Between Perform
Page 95 and 96:
IV. System Optimization Calculation
Page 97 and 98:
power and annual energy. Section 11
Page 99 and 100:
, . IV.A-7. Calculation of Annual E
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. production. When each design powe
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large enough fraction of total capi
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_____ Table IV-2. Design Parameters
Page 107 and 108:
DELSOL will examine NUMHTW (520) eq
Page 109 and 110:
The final step of cavity receiver o
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. furthermore, that the assumed tur
Page 113 and 114:
point in the NMXFLX(1) array (I=l,
Page 115 and 116:
, flux level. DELSOL determines the
Page 117 and 118:
optimum for any power level is 13.
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I V. System Costs and Economics Whi
Page 121 and 122:
for meteorological equipment. The d
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0 co I I I 0 co J 0 c\! c, 0 3 Ln 0
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w/2 x RWCAV W/2 x RWCAV IN (180. -
Page 127 and 128:
S M ~ , = ~ solar F multiple for re
Page 129 and 130:
nSTOR is determined from an assumed
Page 131 and 132:
CTK,REF (CSTREF) = $9.70 x loG VTK,
Page 133 and 134:
XHE,A = scaling exponent. ni is cal
Page 135 and 136:
. CCFIXED = 2.OE6 +'0.14 x DCC + 0.
Page 137 and 138:
(V.B - 6) The discount rate rDIS is
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VI. Program Flow DELSOL can be used
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.I c to reach a certain design powe
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an optimum storage size based on en
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I Read i n N + K t x ] ITAPE=O or 1
Page 147 and 148:
Read in System Definition from File
Page 149 and 150:
. TABLE VI-2 OUTPIJT FROM OPTIMIZAT
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) Power level specific for detailed
Page 153 and 154:
V1.B. DescriDtion of Subroutines in
Page 155 and 156:
C cy c: C C
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L C c C c C c: C c C C c C C C c: c
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C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C
Page 162 and 163:
At the time of the comparisons MIRV
Page 164 and 165:
164 n m W * ? 0 F F 0 ( z W /M W) X
Page 166 and 167:
166 Phase 1; CDRL Item 2, Pilot Pla
Page 168 and 169:
168 43. Vittitoe, C. N. et al., “
Page 170 and 171:
since the values have been already
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Title Card $BASIC$ $FIELD$ $HSTAT$
Page 174 and 175:
IPROB NYEAR HRDEL UDAY UTIME NUAZ N
Page 176 and 177:
TDESP PLAT ALT INSOL SOLCON IWEATH
Page 178 and 179:
REFTIM REFSOL ASTART IATM ATMl ATM2
Page 180 and 181:
IHPR NLAND XTOWER YTOWER (I= 1 ,NLA
Page 182 and 183:
182 1 1-40 2 1-10 11-20 3 1-10 11-2
Page 184 and 185:
SIGTX SIGTY ICANT NCANTX NCANTY HCA
Page 186 and 187:
THT TOWL TOWD IREC W H RRECL IAUTOP
Page 188 and 189:
For cavities or flat plates, the fo
Page 190 and 191:
NXFLX FAZMIN FAZMAX 190 AZMF (North
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NMXFLXY) identifies the exact point
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REFPRL FSP FEP EFFSTR PF SMULT IP H
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IHOPT NUMTHT THTST THTEND NUMREC WS
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SMULT IPLFL(1) (I=l ,NUMOPT) IPROPT
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CH CL CWR CWDR CWDA ITHT CTOWl CTOW
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ICHE CHEREF PHEREF XHEP APHREF PPHR
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CKNREF PKNREF XKN 204 Sodium-to-sal
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TC TR FDEBT RDEBT ROE IDEP NDEP NYO
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The next set of cards is read at th
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value of insolation from the specif
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For optimizing cavity depth, the IO
Page 214 and 215:
For the final detailed performance
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from that specified during the opti
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Sample Problem 4 - User Defined Fie
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GLOSSARY Absorber: The portion of t
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Heat Exchanger: A component in whic
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Receiver System Efficiency: The rat
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Variable AEVMAX AEVREF AFDC ALP(I)
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Variable H H20 HCANT HM HPANL HRDEL
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Variable PARL7,PARLI) PARL9,PARLlO
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Variable W WEATH WEND WM WPANL WST
Page 235 and 236:
Analysis Review and Critique 6503 8
Page 237 and 238:
Martin Marietta Aerospace P.O. Box
Page 239:
Stone and Webster Engineering Corpo
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