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168 43. Vittitoe, C. N. et al., “Comparison Between Results of the HELIOS and MIRVAL Computer Codes Applied to Central Receiver Solar Energy Col- lection,” Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, SAND79-8266, Jan- uary 1980. 44. Fish, J. D., et al., “Central Receiver Steam Systems for Industrial Process Heat Applications,” Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, SAND81- 8223, April 1981. 45. Battleson, K. W., et al., “1980 Solar Central Receiver Technology Evalu- ation,” Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, SAND80-8235, October 1980.
APPENDIX A-INPUT CARDS The input to DELSOL is accomplished through the use of namelists. Namelists are a convenient form of input because any format can be used for the input variables, the variables can be specified in any order and the only variables that need to be input are those which differ from the default values. However, each namelist must be input in the order shown in Tables A-1 and A-2, even if no variables in a namelist are redefined. The namelists are grouped into similar types of variables (e.g., Namelist HSTAT contains all of the heliostat definition inputs). There are two types of problems that are run on DELSOL: performance calculations and design optimization calculations. In a performance calculation the user defines a single system and DELSOL calculates the optical performance for that system at a single time or day and/or on an annual basis. In a design optimization calculation the user specifies the heliostat, receiver geometry, and range of all the optimization variables and DELSOL searches for the set of optimization variables that minimizes the energy cost. In the design search DELSOL analytically "scales" the results of an initial performance calculation. These initial performance results can be generated in the same computer run as the design optimization or can be read off a file that was generated during a previous computer run. Finally, the results of the design optimization can be automatically used as input to a detailed performance run or can be written on a file for subsequent calculations or for plotting. The input cards for a performance calculation are listed in Table A-1. The first card is a title card. The six namelists that follow specify the system to be analyzed. If the user wants to read in the coordinates of the heliostats instead of specifying zones of heliostats, these data cards follow the NLEFF namelist. Finally, the REC namelist with W=-100 terminates the problem. This arrangement of input cards should be used for either a user specified system or for a performance rerun of a system previously optimized by DELSOL and stored on a file on Unit 30. The input cards for a design optimization calculation are shown in Table A-2. The first card is the title card. The next six namelists (BASIC .... NLEFF) define the initial performance calculation. The values on these cards fix the zoning, latitude, insolation model, heliostat design and heliostat focusing/canting strategy to be used during the optimization. If these values will be used again in another design optimization calculation, the results should be saved. To do this, set ITAPE=l in Namelist BASIC and store the local file generated on Unit 10 as a permanent file. When this initial performance calculation is to be used in a subsequent design run, attach a copy of the stored data to DELSOL as a local file on Unit 20, set ITAPE=2 in Namelist BASIC and omit the FIELD, HSTAT, REC, NLFLUX, and NLEFF namelists that follow the BASIC namelist. The REC, OPT, NLFLUX, NLEFF, NLCOST, and NLECON namelists define the optimization values. If a detailed performance calculation of the optimized design is required, set IRERUN=l in Namelist OPT and provide the six namelists after the NLECON namelist as shown in Table A-2. Usually it is not necessary to redefine any variables in these namelists 169
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- SANDIA REPORT SAND86-8018 Unlimit
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SAND 86-8018 Unlimited Release Prin
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' The computer code which this repo
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I. Introduction CONTENTS A. Differe
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1. More Accurate Images from Canted
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VII. Comparison of DELSOL, MIRVAL,
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111-1 Insolation Models 111-2 Atmos
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A USER’S MANUAL FOR DELSOLS: A CO
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owing, blocking, atmospheric attenu
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The fourth major enhancement in DEL
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W- 26 S ? Jr RECEIVER NORMAL COORDI
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ZONE FlEL 180" Figure 11-3. Surroun
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30 ZONE 60 Figure 11-4. Method of Z
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Figure 11-5. North-only Field (INOR
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34 N' Figure 11-6. Code Defined Fie
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36 Figure 11-7. Schematic Diagram o
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-SLEW (1)- Figure 11-8. Example of
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Figure 11-9. Radial Stagger Arrange
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Note that when IDENS=l or 2 the azi
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J1.D. Heliostats Either rectangular
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Given that heliostats will be mass
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(A) FLAT REFLECTED RAY FROM (B) FOC
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IROUND = 0 WM = 9.91 (m) HM = 9.93
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That is, the aperture is always loc
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controlled by the IAUTOP parameter
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only be used with rectangular cavit
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grid of points on the DELSOL assume
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W E Figure 11-17. Flux Points on a
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flux point grid defined during syst
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To see whether this problem is occu
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Cal cul ati onal Day 1 2 3 4 5 Tabl
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1II.B-I. Position 01 the Sun-The su
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where SO is given by Equation (1II.
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c 0 w V c LL .r a 0 0 0 0 0 s /s 0
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1II.C. Field Performance Calculatio
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1II.F. Flux Density and SDillane Th
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III. G-1. Atmospheric Attenuation:
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eceiver) or with aperture area (cav
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In other words, PLOST,R is the same
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Following the approach in the previ
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86 - - - LLLLLL www CLee o m 4 I i
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This approximate method of calculat
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RECEIVER STARTUP WEATHER SUN PARASI
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111.1. Relationship Between Perform
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IV. System Optimization Calculation
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power and annual energy. Section 11
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, . IV.A-7. Calculation of Annual E
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. production. When each design powe
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large enough fraction of total capi
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_____ Table IV-2. Design Parameters
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DELSOL will examine NUMHTW (520) eq
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The final step of cavity receiver o
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. furthermore, that the assumed tur
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point in the NMXFLX(1) array (I=l,
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, flux level. DELSOL determines the
Page 117 and 118: optimum for any power level is 13.
Page 119 and 120: I V. System Costs and Economics Whi
Page 121 and 122: for meteorological equipment. The d
Page 123 and 124: 0 co I I I 0 co J 0 c\! c, 0 3 Ln 0
Page 125 and 126: w/2 x RWCAV W/2 x RWCAV IN (180. -
Page 127 and 128: S M ~ , = ~ solar F multiple for re
Page 129 and 130: nSTOR is determined from an assumed
Page 131 and 132: CTK,REF (CSTREF) = $9.70 x loG VTK,
Page 133 and 134: XHE,A = scaling exponent. ni is cal
Page 135 and 136: . CCFIXED = 2.OE6 +'0.14 x DCC + 0.
Page 137 and 138: (V.B - 6) The discount rate rDIS is
Page 139 and 140: VI. Program Flow DELSOL can be used
Page 141 and 142: .I c to reach a certain design powe
Page 143 and 144: an optimum storage size based on en
Page 145 and 146: I Read i n N + K t x ] ITAPE=O or 1
Page 147 and 148: Read in System Definition from File
Page 149 and 150: . TABLE VI-2 OUTPIJT FROM OPTIMIZAT
Page 151 and 152: ) Power level specific for detailed
Page 153 and 154: V1.B. DescriDtion of Subroutines in
Page 155 and 156: C cy c: C C
Page 157 and 158: L C c C c C c: C c C C c C C C c: c
Page 159: C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C
Page 162 and 163: At the time of the comparisons MIRV
Page 164 and 165: 164 n m W * ? 0 F F 0 ( z W /M W) X
Page 166 and 167: 166 Phase 1; CDRL Item 2, Pilot Pla
Page 170 and 171: since the values have been already
Page 172 and 173: Title Card $BASIC$ $FIELD$ $HSTAT$
Page 174 and 175: IPROB NYEAR HRDEL UDAY UTIME NUAZ N
Page 176 and 177: TDESP PLAT ALT INSOL SOLCON IWEATH
Page 178 and 179: REFTIM REFSOL ASTART IATM ATMl ATM2
Page 180 and 181: IHPR NLAND XTOWER YTOWER (I= 1 ,NLA
Page 182 and 183: 182 1 1-40 2 1-10 11-20 3 1-10 11-2
Page 184 and 185: SIGTX SIGTY ICANT NCANTX NCANTY HCA
Page 186 and 187: THT TOWL TOWD IREC W H RRECL IAUTOP
Page 188 and 189: For cavities or flat plates, the fo
Page 190 and 191: NXFLX FAZMIN FAZMAX 190 AZMF (North
Page 192 and 193: NMXFLXY) identifies the exact point
Page 194 and 195: REFPRL FSP FEP EFFSTR PF SMULT IP H
Page 196 and 197: IHOPT NUMTHT THTST THTEND NUMREC WS
Page 198 and 199: SMULT IPLFL(1) (I=l ,NUMOPT) IPROPT
Page 200 and 201: CH CL CWR CWDR CWDA ITHT CTOWl CTOW
Page 202 and 203: ICHE CHEREF PHEREF XHEP APHREF PPHR
Page 204 and 205: CKNREF PKNREF XKN 204 Sodium-to-sal
Page 206 and 207: TC TR FDEBT RDEBT ROE IDEP NDEP NYO
Page 208 and 209: The next set of cards is read at th
Page 210 and 211: value of insolation from the specif
Page 212 and 213: For optimizing cavity depth, the IO
Page 214 and 215: For the final detailed performance
Page 216 and 217: from that specified during the opti
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Sample Problem 4 - User Defined Fie
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GLOSSARY Absorber: The portion of t
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Heat Exchanger: A component in whic
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Receiver System Efficiency: The rat
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Variable AEVMAX AEVREF AFDC ALP(I)
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Variable H H20 HCANT HM HPANL HRDEL
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Variable PARL7,PARLI) PARL9,PARLlO
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Variable W WEATH WEND WM WPANL WST
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Analysis Review and Critique 6503 8
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Martin Marietta Aerospace P.O. Box
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Stone and Webster Engineering Corpo
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