JST Vol. 21 (1) Jan. 2013 - Pertanika Journal - Universiti Putra ...

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Alireza Jahani, Masrah Azrifah Azmi Murad, Md. Nasir Sulaiman and Hasan Selamat modification or cancellation. Design agent is responsible to gather all the incoming orders from the seller agent and eliciting relevant information regarding customer’s preferences. Another task of this agent is product planning and placing Material Requirement Specification (MRS) into case structures and also sending them to Procurement agent and receives offers from it. The Procurement agent decomposes MRS into specific categories to generate and advertise Call For Proposals (CFP) through the Buyer agent as an intelligent interface to all the potential suppliers. Buyer agent is responsible for the general negotiation process that is divided into three consecutive phases: inviting, bidding and awarding. Whenever an order comes to a buyer agent, it invites potential suppliers to bid by sending a CFP to seller agents of suppliers. Then, it will collect and evaluate all the bids based on Suppliers’ Case-Base and choose the one with maximal utility as a winner, and thus the winner supplier is awarded the contract. A few rounds of conversation may take place, where several proposals and counter-proposals are exchanged. The negotiation will end when one party accepts or rejects the other party’s proposal, or when any party terminates the negotiation process on its own (Jiao et al., 2006). Suppliers’ Case-Base keeps supplier information files as cases and gathers information on the past and new suppliers in order to identify alternative suppliers. This information includes the name of each supplier, a list of the available materials and their attributes, the supplier’s delivery history, the supplier’s quality records, the supplier’s overall desirability, and general information about the supplier’s plant and management. Fig.1: Multi-agent based supply chain framework 264 Pertanika J. Sci. & Technol. 21 (1): 283 - 298 (2013)
The Role of Similarity Measurement in an Agent-Based Supplier Selection Framework Order Management and the Supplier Selection Mechanism Here, the major activities of the proposed framework are briefly described for a better understanding: 1. The customer places an order through the seller agent to the design agent. 2. The design agent will formulate the MRS and make a case structure of CBR approach for the ordered product and then send it to the procurement agent. 3. The Procurement agent checks the inventory regarding stocked finished products and raw materials based on the MRS structure. If the stock has enough resources, then there is no need for supplying. 4. Otherwise, the procurement agent must manage supplying sufficient raw materials from the suppliers. 5. The procurement agent advertises its outgoing orders with CFPs through the buyer agent for all the potential suppliers. 6. After receiving the CFPs, the potential suppliers make the decision of bidding and then bid on the case base of buyer agent. 7. After receiving all the bids, the buyer agent will evaluate the suppliers in consideration of price, due date, quality grade, volume, and so on, and then choose the most suitable suppliers. 8. If some or all supply materials of the customer’s first order are found during the supplying process, the procurement agent will try to generate alternative product recommendations based on the received bids and offer them to the customers. 9. If the customer accepts the new offer, the buyer agent will then choose the suppliers who bid the alternative product’s materials. 10. The buyer agent proclaims the award of bid and gives necessary replies to the unchosen suppliers. 11. The supplier who has won the bid carries out manufacturing to fulfil the incoming orders. 12. The supplier delivers its finished products to the manufacturer. Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) Approach One of the most important contributions of this paper is that it shows how buyer agents can check orders with received bids from its associated case-based and responds to requests from the procurement agent. After receiving all the bids and storing them in the case base, the buyer agent retrieves from the case base cases that are identical or at least most similar due to the features of the new order’s case. According to Maturana et al. (1999), the process of CBR strategy includes four steps (retrieve, reuse, revise and retain), which constitute the CBR cycle but the revised and retrained steps are not inculded in the scope of this paper. However, before the cycle can be run, another step, case description, should also be performed for both case base construction and application of case knowledge. Here are the explanations for each step that starts with Case Description: 1) Case Description: The CBR mechanism starts with the description of a new order which corresponds to a new case. Case description concerns with deciding what contents Pertanika J. Sci. & Technol. 21 (1): 283 - 298 (2013) 265
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Journal of Science & Technology Jou
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International Advisory Board Adarsh
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Selected Articles from UPM-Malaysia
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ISSN: 0128-7680 © 2013 Universiti
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Aspect of Fatigue Analysis of Compo
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CONCLUSION Heng, S. C., Ibrahim, Z.
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Surface Roughness Y. Yusuf, J. M. J
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DISCUSSION Y. Yusuf, J. M. Juoi, Z.
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Modelling of Motion Resistance Rati
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Norhashila Hashim et al. effectiven
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Statistical Analysis Norhashila Has
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INTRODUCTION Tajau, R. et al. A hig
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REFERENCES N. Maizatul, I. Norazowa
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The Problem Association Rule Mining
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