JST Vol. 21 (1) Jan. 2013 - Pertanika Journal - Universiti Putra ...

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N. Maizatul, I. Norazowa, W. M. Z. W. Yunus, A. Khalina and K. Khalisanni the temperature below 100°C, indicating that there was less water absorbed in the plasticized PLA (tri)/ treated KBF and plasticized PLA (gly)/treated KBF composite samples as compared to the plasticized PLA/untreated KBF composite sample and pure PLA. Meanwhile, Fig.3 shows the degradation of plasticized PLA with the untreated KBF that occurred between 250°C and 300°C, whereas the degradation of plasticized PLA (tri) with the treated KBF occurred between 350°C and 450°C, leading to a weight loss of 85.5%. The PP sample was used as a reference to the modified composites. The degradation temperature of PP was about at 360ºC. The plasticized PLA, with the treated KBF, provided a higher decomposition temperature as the addition of the plasticizer had improved the adhesion between the PLA and fibres and prevented the migration and leaching of the plasticizer molecules from the PLA matrix at the same time. This finding is similar to that of Murariu et al. (2007), who also found that the decomposition temperature was increased by adding plasticizer to PLA. The differential gravimetric analysis (DTG curve) indicated that there were decomposition peaks for the plasticized PLA treated KBF with triacetin and glycerol. The first decomposition peak, i.e. at about 300°C to 430°C, is due to thermal depolymerisation of hemicelluloses and the glycosidic linkages of cellulose, as well as α-cellulose decomposition. Lignin degraded first and at a slower rate than other constituents. The second peak occurred at about 450°C, it might also be due to the late degradation of the plasticized PLA with glycerol. The area under the peak at 270°C for the plasticized PLA with the untreated KBF was found to be greater than both types of the plasticized PLA with the treated KBF. A possible explanation for this is that because of the treatment, which is, part of the lignin was removed from the fibre (Claudia et al., 2004). Hence, this caused a better adhesion between PLA and the treated KBF, and thus influenced the decomposition temperature. As shown in Fig.4, the thermal stability of the plasticized PLA/ treated KBF with triacetin and glycerol also improved as compared to that of the pure PLA. The increase in the thermal stability in the plasticized PLA with the treated KBF might be due to the modification done on the fibre surfaces, which delayed the degradation of the PLA matrix and to significant stabilization effect. This can be quite well-distinguished in the interval of temperature 340-420°C in Fig.4. The thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) in Fig.4 showed that the weight loss was due to the volatilization of the plasticizers, and the degradation of the materials monitored as a function of temperature. As compared to pure PP, the thermal stability of both types of plasticized PLA/ treated KBF increased dramatically. The additions of 5% glycerol and triacetin to PLA and the treated KBF were found to have shifted the thermal stability of the composites. CONCLUSION The FTIR analysis of the plasticized PLA composites with the untreated and treated samples showed the absorption band of carbonyl stretching at 1700cm -1 , which corresponded to the hemicelluloses, and this absorption seemed to be smaller for the treated KBF composite samples as compared to the untreated KBF composite samples. Meanwhile, the additions of triacetin and glycerol to the PLA composites did not produce any significant different, and there were no chemical changes in both the plasticized PLA with the treated and untreated KBF, respectively 156 Pertanika J. Sci. & Technol. 21 (1): 283 - 298 (2013)
FTIR and TGA Analysis of Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Treated Kenaf Bast Fibre: Effect of Plasticizers Fig.3: The DTG curves of PP, PLA, plasticized PLA/untreated KBF, and plasticized PLA/treated KBF with triacetin and glycerol Fig.4: The TGA curves of PP, PLA, plasticized PLA/untreated KBF, and plasticized PLA/treated KBF with triacetin (tri) and glycerol (gly) Based on the thermogravimetry analysis, an increment was observed in the thermal stability for both the samples of plasticized PLA composites and this was due to the fibre treatment, which further led to the delay in the degradation of the PLA matrix and to significant stabilization effect of the composites. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Malaysia, UPM and UNIMAP for providing the research grant and facilities for the current study. Pertanika J. Sci. & Technol. 21 (1): 283 - 298 (2013) 157
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Journal of Science & Technology Jou
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International Advisory Board Adarsh
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Selected Articles from UPM-Malaysia
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ISSN: 0128-7680 © 2013 Universiti
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Aspect of Fatigue Analysis of Compo
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Application of Anthropometric Dimen
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Different Media Formulation on Bioc
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CONCLUSION Heng, S. C., Ibrahim, Z.
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Surface Roughness Y. Yusuf, J. M. J
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Modelling of Motion Resistance Rati
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Az Azrinudin Alidin and Fabio Crest
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TABLE 5: Winners MRS The Role of Si
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Guidelines for Authors Publication
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table should be prepared on a separ
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