The ELISe Experiment at FAIR - GSI WWW-WIN

NUSTAR @ FAIR 

The ELISe experiment Haik Simon • GSI / Darmstadt 

NESR 

H. Simon ● ELISe / FAIR Monthly 

• 125-500 MeV electrons 

• 200-740 MeV/u RIBs 

� up to 1.5 GeV CM energy 

- spectrometer setup at the 

interaction zone & detector 

system in ring arcs 

- Part of thecorefacility 

http://www.gsi.de/fair/reports/btr.html 

AIC option: 

• 30 MeV antiprotons 

- detector system in ring arcs 

- schottky probes

The FAIR facility 


Primary Beams 

•5 x10 11 /s; 1.5 GeV/u; 238 U 28+ 

•2(4)x10 13 /s 30 GeV protons 

•10 10 /s 238 U 73+ up to 25 (- 35) GeV/u 

Secondary Beams 

•Broad range of radioactive beams up to 

1.5 - 2 GeV/u; up to factor 10 000 in 

intensity over present 

•Antiprotons 3 - 30 GeV 

Storage and Cooler Rings 

•Radioactive beams (ca. 2013) 

•e – A collider (ca. 2015) 

•10 11 stored and cooled 0.8 - 14.5 

GeV antiprotons

The Ring Branch 

Collector Ring 

bunch rotation 

adiabatic debunching 

fast stochastic cooling 

experiments 

hot fragments from 

Super-FRS 

eA Collider 

P.Beller H. Simon ● ELISe / FAIR Monthly 

† , A. Dolinskii, B. Franzke, M. Steck 

NESR 

electron cooling 

experiments 

RESR 

deceleration (1T/s) to 100 - 400 MeV/u

Competing project: SCRIT for RARF 

Test setup @ KSR Kyoto Univ. 100 MeV/100mA 

SCRIT (Self-Confining RI Target) 

e-beam 

Courtesy: Toshimi Suda 

RIKEN/RARF 


Ions 

Scattered electron

Why should one try to collide beams ? 

- trying to get through the eye of the needle 

• Target and scattered off particles can be detected 

� excitation and deexcitation process is studied 

• kinematical focusing 

� solid angle 

� Mott cross section enhanced (small angles) 

• luminosity for unstable nuclei (no target) 

� 100µm x 100µm interaction area 

vs e.g. dilute ions in a trap 

H. Simon ● ELISe / FAIR Monthly

Why electron scattering ? 

Pointlike, pure e.m. probe � 

• Formfactors F(q) 

- elastic scattering 

•F ℓ(q) transition formfactors 

- excitation energy E* 

- high selectivity to certain 

multipolarities 

- access to interior 

- inelastic scattering 

Large recoil velocities 

- full identification (Z,A) 

complete kinematics 

Physics goals 

• Charge distribution of exotic nuclei 

(radius, diffuseness, higher moments...) 

req. luminosity: about 10 24 cm -2 s -1 

• Selective electromagnetic excitation 

Full identification of electric & magnetic 

multipolarities and of the final state 

( new collective soft modes) 


• Quasi-free scattering 

(single-particle structure) 



Expected Luminosities 

� Full simulation of production, transport and storage 

Quasielastic (spectroscopic factors) 

Inelastic ( e.g. GR studies ) 

charge distributions 

charge radii 


For too unstable nuclei (T 1/2< 1d) 

890 Isotopes 

1472 Isotopes 

accessible for the first time !

Elastic Scattering (i) 

�Absolute radii, diffuseness, … : schematic 

Counts per day / (25 MeV/c) 

Spectrometer acceptance included; Helm model 

132 Sn 

L=10 28 cm -2 s -1 

∆a = 0.15 fm 

∆R=0.2fm 

one day experiments ! 

69 Ni 

10 28 cm -2 s -1 

∆a=0.15 fm 

∆R=0.1fm 


Recent theory studies: 

B. V. Danilin, S. N. Ershov, 

and J. S. Vaagen 

PRC 71, 057301 (2005) 

N. Antonov et al. 

PRC 72, (2005) 044307 

C. Bertulani 

J.Phys. G34, (2007) 315 

S. Karataglidis, K.Amos, 

PLB 650, (2007) 148

Elastic Scattering (ii) 

� access to the interior ... 

300 MeV e - fixed target 

46 Ar 

Ar: inversion (2s 1/2, 1d 3/2) 


L=2.7 × 10 28 cm -2 s -1 

NPA800(2008)37 

� complements other methods 

i.e. GR studies

Inelastic scattering in the eA collider 


• Excitation energy is 

measured directly 

(below and above particle tresh.) 

• momentum transfer � 

multipolarity of transition can 

be determined 

• final state identification with 

unprecendented efficiency 

(e,e‘X) � (e,e‘ A‘) � 

suppression of elastic radiative 

tail (no background) 

� Low lying strength (structure) 

E.g.: E1-Soft-Dipole mode: 

transition density peaks in 

the interior. 

Sagawa, Esbensen, NUPA693(2001)448

Inelastic Scattering 

�compared to conventional experiments 

S. Strauch et al., PRL 85 (2000) 2913 Fixed target Collider 

48 Ca(e,e‘n) 


48 Ca(e,e‘A‘) 

Ω n ≈ 100msr 100 Ω n ≈ 4π 

n eff ≈ 20 % 5 n eff ≈ 100 % 

Θ e‘ = 40 ° 50 Θ e‘ = 5 ° 

>10 4 

L=10 31 -10 32 cm -2 s -1 L ≈ 10 27

Electrofission studies 

@ q = 60 - 120 MeV/c 

Rates: 10-100/s (10 28 cm -2 s -1 ) 


• (e,e‘f) measurement 

• Model independent 

decomposition: 

σ exp (q i ,ω j )= a E1 (ω j ) |F E1 (q i )| 2 

a E2/E0 (ω j ) |F E2/E0 (q i )| 2 

a E3 (ω j ) |F E3 (q i )| 2 

& Fission fragment detection 

near interaction zone 

� Γ n /Γ f , fission barrier, 

deformations

The ELISe Spectrometer 

� How to deal with contradictive system requirements …. 

right half, as seen from beam, 

not to scale 

Scint. 

VDCs 

straw tubes 

2.3 T 

1.6 T 

moving from 

� 

here to 

here 

� 


Kinematic Range 

Momentum Transfer: 

q: 20 to 600 MeV/c 

EFB: +/- 120 mm 


G. Berg

Field (T) 

Cross Section, Coil design 


G. Berg 

20080420

Instrumentation: Straw tube tracking detectors 

(Yu.Grishkin et al., INR Moscow) 

7 straw tube prototypes: 

length = 60 cm; Inner diameter = 8 mm; thickness = 126 microns including base polyamide 

KAPTON on Al (0.2 µm) cowered by “C”-layer (5 µm). 

Gas mixture is Ar/CO2 (80/20), HV = 1850 V. 

Tested in the Detector Lab @ GSI 

�Beam test planned at S-DALINAC 


Resolution Concerns .... 

Pure kinematics calculus: 

• colliding beam kinematics 

• angular and energy resolution 

coupled 

• achievable resolution can be 

improved by getting the “target” 

to “rest” 

� reduced luminosity 


Monte Carlo Simulation: ∆E* = 1 MeV 

Cola++, Simul++ (H. Merkel, Univ. Mainz)

CAD model & First order beam optics 

� Technical feasibility 

G. Berg 

20080808 


> 10 4 i.e. ok

Full 3D simulation calculation 

� Generator vs. Analysis 

1 mrad angular resolution 

10 -4 δp/p 

Sufficient resolution can be obtained ! 

Detection and analysis scheme ok. 

07/2007 L.V. Chulkov, RRC Moscow 


Fission@ELISe: Experimental set-up (in-ring spectrometer) 

(J. Taieb et al., CEA Bruyères-le-Châtel | Saclay, CENBG Bordeaux, IPN Orsay | Lyon) 

FF1 

FF2 

TWIN MUSIC 

≈ 50 cm 

Z1, and Z2 

position 

detectors 

Tof :7m 


ToF detectors : Scint. 

Res. 50ps FWHM 

N-Tof wall (12m) 

� Envisaged mass resolution 0.5 

„ … sort of ideal experiment …“

Does it fit into the hall … 

… and even work with the accelerator ? 

I.A. Koop, Yu.M. Shatunov, P.Yu. Shatunov, D.B. Shwartz 

BINP report 07/2008 

seems yes ! 


G. Berg @KVI 05/2008

Luminosity Monitor via photons: 

Concept 

position sensitive 

γ-detector 

s brems [barn] 

(100-500 MeV) 

(iii) 

(i) (ii) Luminosity 

Ni Sn U 

21 67 227 

Absolute calibration via small angle scattering: 

q�0 : F(q) ≈ 1 � Pure Mott cross section 


[cm -2 s -1 ] 

Effect, 

[kHz] 

Background 

[kHz] 

238 U 92+ 1.0×10 28 6800 0.13 

56 Ni 28+ 3.3×10 28 2100 0.13 

69 Ni 28+ 2.4×10 28 1500 0.13 

71 Ni 28+ 4.5×10 26 29 0.13 

104 Sn 50+ 9.9×10 26 200 0.13 

132 Sn 50+ 1.8×10 28 3800 0.13 

133 Sn 50+ 4.5×10 26 90 0.13

Luminosity monitor: 

technical realisation/prototypes/simulations 


γ calorimetry 

KI Moscow 

V. Volkov (GEANT 4 simulations) 

Showers created in a stack of 3 × 3 

PbWO 4 crystals by 300 MeV gammas 

gamma imaging: 

INR-RAS Moscow

γ imaging : functional test 


Image of a Pb collimator 

E e = 8 MeV 

e - LINAC LUE-8.5 

(INR-RAS Moscow) 

Ie = 0,4 µА 

Exposition time 1 s 

Spot diameter 13,9 mm 

� on line correction of 

beam offset (x,y) 

� luminosity optim. (x´,y´) 

� control of the IP (z)

So as far as camels are involved it works. 

RIB e - ,pbar, Pb… 

• colliding beams @ FAIR 

� technically challenging but feasible. 

• electron/antiproton ring is to be used for 

ELISe and AIC, and also SPARC 


Technical Design Report 

2009

Conclusion 

• Unique experiment specific to FAIR with exotic nuclei far from stability 

• Electron scattering for the first time technically feasible in terms of resolution and 

luminosity ! (only other project worldwide is SCRIT) 

� Clean electromagnetic pointlike probe, 

benchmark reactions for nuclear structure investigations 

� High selectivity, sensitivity and precision 

� Elastic and inelastic form factors accessible ! 

Model-independent extraction of absolute parameters for 

charge distributions, and transition densities 

TODO: work on physics case & final design Welcome ! 

(http://www.gsi.de/fair/experiments/elise/) 


The ELISe collaboration 

BINP Novosibirsk - Russia Koop, I.A., Skrinsky, A.N., Korostelev, M.S., Parkhomchuk, V.V., Shatilov, D.N., Shiyankov, S.V., Valishev, A.A., Shatunov, Y.M., Pavlov, V.M., Otboev, A.V., 

Nesterenko, I.N., Logatchov, P.V. 

CEA Bruyeres le Chatel - France Chatillon, A., Belier, B., Granier, T. , Taieb, J. 

CEA Saclay/ IRFU - France Doré, D., Letourneau, A., Ridikas, D. , Dupont, E. , Berthoumieux, E., Panebianco, S. 

CEN Bordeaux-Gradingnan - France Czajkowski, S., Jurado, B., Aïche, M., Barreau, G. 

CSIC Madrid - Spain Sarriguren, P., Ramirez, C. F. , Borge, M.J.G., Garrido, E., Alvarez, R., Moya de Guera, E. 

Chalmers University of Technology – Sweden Nyman, G., Johansson, H., Jonson, B., Nilsson, T. 

Complutense University of Madrid - Spain Udias-Moinelo, J., Fraile Prieto, L.M., Herraiz, J.L., Vignote, J.R. 

DAEES Kyushu University - Japan Kadrev, D.N. 

Daresbury Laboratory - United Kingdom Lemmon, R. 

FZ Rossendorf - Germany Junghans, A. 

GSI Darmstadt - Germany Münzenberg, G., Nolden, F., Schmidt, K.-H., Simon, H., Weick, H., Steck, M. , Beller, P.†, Kelic, A., Geissel, H., Emling, H., Egelhof, P., Boretzky, K., Becker, F., 

Aumann, T., Kester, Litvinov, Y., O. , Franzke, B., Kurz, N., Dolinskii, A. 

Granada University – Spain Amaro Soriano, J.E. : Lallena Rojo, A.M. 

INR Moscow - Russia Nedorezov, V. , Mushkarenkov, A.N., Lisin, V.P., Polonski, A.L., Rudnev, N.V., Turinge, A.A. 

INRNE-BAS Sofia - Bulgaria Antonov, A.N. , Gaidarov, M., K. Ivanov, M.V. 

IPN Lyon - France Schmitt, C. 

IPPE Obninsk - Russia Kamerdzhiev, S.P. 

JINR Dubna - Russia Sereda, Y., Klygin, S., Grigorenko, L., Sidorchuk, S.I., Krupko, S.A., Gorshkov, A.V., Rodin, A.M., Fomichev, A.S., Golovkov, M., Artukh, A., Seleznev, I.A., Meshkov, 

I.N., Syresin, E.M., Ershov, S.N., Vorontsov, A.N. , Teterev, Y. 

Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz - Germany Merkel, H., Müller, U., Distler, M.O. 

Justus-Liebig University Giessen - Germany Lenske, H. 

KVI Groningen - The Netherlands Wörtche, H., Kalantar, N., Berg, G. 

Lund University – Sweden Avdeichikov, Vladimir 

RIKEN - Japan Suda, T. 

RRC Kurchatov Institute Moscow – Russia Volkov, V.A., Chulkov, L.V., Korsheninikov, A.A., Danilin, B., Kuzmin, E. 

Rohde University – South Africa Karatakaglidis, S. 

SSC RF Obninsk - Russia Litvinova, E.V. 

Seville University - Spain Caballero, J.A. 

TU Darmstadt - Germany Richter, A., Schrieder, G., Enders, J., Pietralla, N. 

University of Arizona – USA Bertulani, C. 

University of Basel - Switzerland Krusche, B., Hencken, K., Jourdan, J., Rohe, D., Trautmann, D., Rauscher, T. 

Universität Köln – Germany - Zilges, A. 

Universities of Liverpool/ Manchester/Surrey/York - United Kingdom 

Chartier, M., Cullen, Stevenson, P., Johnson, R., Catford, W., Al-Khalili, J., Barton, C., Jenkins, D. 

Yale University – USA Heinz, A. 

Yamagata University – Japan Kato, S. 


133 Collaborators / 36 Institutes / 12 countries

• FIN

The ELISe Experiment at FAIR - GSI WWW-WIN

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