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538 Chapter 10: Graft Manipulation<br />

ex vivo tumor cell depletion procedures. 232428<br />

Considering the rapid progress in<br />

the field of stem cell mobilization <strong>and</strong> graft engineering, it is conceivable that a<br />

tumor cell-free autograft is becoming a reality. Thus, it is now time to perform<br />

controlled r<strong>and</strong>omized studies to validate the clinical relevance of such highly<br />

efficient <strong>and</strong> rigorous but time-consuming <strong>and</strong> cost-intensive purging procedures.<br />

REFERENCES<br />

1. Sharp JG, Kessinger A, Mann S, Crouse DA, Armitage JO, Bierman P, Weisenburger DD:<br />

Outcome of high-dose therapy <strong>and</strong> <strong>autologous</strong> <strong>transplantation</strong> in non-Hodgkin's lym­<br />

phoma based on the presence of tumor in the <strong>marrow</strong> or infused hematopoietic harvest.<br />

J Clin Oncol 14:214-219, 1996.<br />

2. Gribben JG, Freedman AS, Woo SD, Blake K, Shu RS, Freeman G, Longtine JA, Pinkus<br />

GS, Nadler LM: All advanced stage non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with a polymerase chain<br />

reaction amplifiable breakpoint of bcl-2 have residual cells containing the bcl-2 rearrange­<br />

ment at evaluation <strong>and</strong> after treatment. Blood 78:3275, 1991.<br />

3. Brenner MK, Rill DR, Moen RC, Krance RA, Mirro J, Anderson WF, Ihle JN: Gene-mark­<br />

ing to trace origin of relapse after <strong>autologous</strong> bone <strong>marrow</strong> <strong>transplantation</strong>. Lancet 341:85,<br />

1993.<br />

4. Rill DR, Santana VM, Roberts WM, Nilson T, Bowman LC, Krance RA, Heslop HE,<br />

Moen RC, Ihle JN, Brenner MK: Direct demonstration that <strong>autologous</strong> bone <strong>marrow</strong> trans­<br />

plantation for solid tumors can return a multiplicity of tumorigenic cells. Blood<br />

84:380-383, 1994.<br />

5. Santos GW, Colvin M: Pharmacological purging of bone <strong>marrow</strong> with reference to auto-<br />

grafting. Clin Haematol 15:67, 1986.<br />

6. Kvalheim G, Fodstad O, Pihl A, Nustad K, Pharo A, Ugelstad J, Funderud S: Elimination<br />

of B-lymphoma cells from human bone <strong>marrow</strong>: Model experiments using monodisperse<br />

magnetic particles coated with primary monoclonal antibodies. Cancer Res 47:846,1987.<br />

7. Kiesel S, Haas R, Moldenhauer G, Kvalheim G, Pezzutto A, Dôrken B: Removal of cells<br />

from a malignant B cell line from bone <strong>marrow</strong> with immunomagnetic beads <strong>and</strong> with<br />

complement <strong>and</strong> immunoglobulin switch variant mediated cytolysis. Leuk Res<br />

11:1119-1125, 1987.<br />

8. Shpall EJ, Jones RB, Bearman SI, Franklin WA, Archer PG, Curiel T, Bitter M, Claman<br />

HN, Stemmer SM, Purdy M, Myers SE, Taffs S, Heimfeld S, Hallagan J, Berenson RJ:<br />

Transplantation of enriched CD34-positive <strong>autologous</strong> <strong>marrow</strong> into breast cancer patients<br />

following high-dose chemotherapy: Influence of CD34-positive peripheral <strong>blood</strong> prog­<br />

enitors <strong>and</strong> growth factors on engraftment. J Clin Oncol 12:28-36, 1994.<br />

9. Brugger W, Henschler R, Heimfeld S, Berenson RJ, Mertelsmann R, Kanz L: Positively<br />

selected <strong>autologous</strong> <strong>blood</strong> CD34 +<br />

cells <strong>and</strong> unseparated peripheral <strong>blood</strong> progenitor cells<br />

mediate identical hematopoietic engraftment after high-dose VP-16, ifosfamide, carbo-<br />

platin <strong>and</strong> epirubicin. Blood 84:1421-1426, 1994.<br />

10. Civin CJ, Trischmann T, Kadan NS, Davis J, Noga S, Cohen K, Duffy B, Groenewegen<br />

I, Wiley J, Law P, Hardwick A, Oldham F, Gee A: Highly purified CD34-positive cells<br />

reconstitute hematopoiesis. J Clin Oncol 14:2224-2233, 1996.

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