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Annex 2 The UN does not have an army. For each peacekeeping mission, Member States voluntarily provide troops and equipment, for which they are compensated from a special peacekeeping budget. Police officers, election observers, human rights monitors and other civilians sometimes work alongside military personnel in peacekeeping operations. Lightly armed for self-defence—and often unarmed—peacekeepers’ strongest ‘weapon’ is their impartiality. They rely on persuasion and minimal use of force to defuse tensions and prevent fighting. It is dangerous business; over 1,580 UN military and civilian peacekeepers have died in the performance of their duties since 1948. The UN Security Coordinator (UNSECOORD) is responsible for all matters relating to UN security which includes monitoring the presence of UN staff and convoys in insecure areas. Decisions taken by UNSECOORD for evacuation of UN agencies and staff are mandatory. The Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) The following can be found on the World Wide Web at: http://www.unhchr.ch/html/hchr.htm The mission of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights is to ensure the universal enjoyment of all human rights by giving practical effect to the will and resolve of the world community as expressed by the United Nations. Mandate The mandate of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights derives from Articles 1, 13 and 55 of the Charter of the United Nations, the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action and Assembly resolution 48/141 of 20 December 1993, by which the Assembly established the post of United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. In connection with the programme for reform of the United Nations (A/ 51/950, para. 79), the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Centre for Human Rights were consolidated into a single office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights as of 15 September 1997. Functions and Organisation The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights: (a) Promotes universal enjoyment of all human rights by giving practical effect to the will and resolve of the world community as expressed by the United Nations; (b) Plays the leading role on human rights issues and emphasises the importance of human rights at the international and national levels (c) Promotes international co-operation for human rights; (d) Simulates and co-ordinates action for human rights throughout the United Nations system; (e) Promotes universal ratification and implementation of international standards; (f) Assists in the development of new norms; (g) Supports human rights organs and treaty monitoring bodies; (h) Responds to serious violations of human rights; (i) Undertakes preventive human rights action; (j) Promotes the establishment of national human rights infrastructures; (k) Undertakes human rights field activities and operations; (l) Provides education, information advisory services and technical assistance in the field of human rights. EP 04 99
EP 04 100 Managing External Relations UN Specialised Agencies Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), headquartered in Rome, operates globally to collect and analyse information related to nutrition, agriculture, forestry and fisheries, provide technical advice in reducing vulnerability, and promote investment in agricultural and rural sectors. FAO operates the Global Information and Early Warning System (GIEWS) to help assess food production and shortfalls. FAO’s Office for Special Relief operations (TCOR/OSRO) was established to respond to requests for emergency assistance. In complex emergencies FAO works with OCHA and other assistance agencies in preparation of consolidated appeals. FAO also participates in the IASC activities. More information on FAO is on the World Wide Web at: (http://www.fao.org/UNFAO/ WHATITIS.HTM) UN Development Programme (UNDP), operating in 130 country offices, is the largest provider of grant funding for development and the main body for co-ordinating UN development assistance. In emergencies UNDP provides logistic, communications and other support for the activities of the UN Emergency Relief Coordinator, the international relief community and the UN Disaster Management Team. UNDP helps to establish systems for data collection on the nature and extent of human suffering as a basis for analysis and decision-making by national and international assistance agencies. UNHCR maintains close liaison with UNDP in emergencies to seek advice on the relationship of development programs to emergency operations. UNHCR and UNDP often work co-operatively in undertaking Quick Impact Projects to promote rehabilitation. UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) advocates for children based on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. UNICEF brings a developmental orientation to its emergency actions, focusing on global advocacy, assessments and care and essential services. UNICEF promotes protection of the child’s rights to humanitarian assistance and protection of the child from harm inflicted by others. Headquartered in New York, UNICEF maintains an emergency office in Geneva. UNICEF has a Rapid Response Team on stand-by for immediate deployment to crisis locations and maintains stockpiles of communication, transportation and warehousing equipment. The following description is on the World Wide Web at (http://www.unicef.org/mission.htm) The Mission of UNICEF UNICEF is mandated by the United Nations General Assembly to advocate for the protection of children’s rights, to help meet their basic needs and to expand their opportunities to reach their full potential. UNICEF is guided by the Convention on the Rights of the Child and strives to establish children’s rights as enduring ethical principles and international standards of behaviour towards children. UNICEF insists that the survival, protection and development of children are universal development imperatives that are integral to human progress. UNICEF mobilizes political will and material resources to help countries, particularly developing countries, ensure a ‘first call for children’ and to build their capacity to form appropriate policies and deliver services for children and their families. UNICEF is committed to ensuring special protection for the most disadvantaged children, victims of war, disasters, extreme poverty, all forms of violence and exploitation and those with disabilities.
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