Advances in Food Mycology

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Ecophysiology of Fusarium culmorum and Mycotox<strong>in</strong> Production 131 Nivalenol (ppm) 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 4.5 0 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.05 0 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.97 0.97 158C 0.96 258C 0.96 Water Activity 0.95 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.94 0.93 0 0 20 20 40 40 Time (days) Time (days) Figure 3. Effect of a w and time on nivalenol production by F. culmorum on milled wheat agar at 15° and 25°C (from Hope and Magan, 2003).
132 Naresh Magan et al. Deoxynivalenol (ppm) 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.15 0.05 20 0.2 18 16 14 0.1 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.97 0.96 0.98 15°C 25°C 0.97 0.96 0.95 Water activity 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.94 0.93 0 0 20 20 40 40 Time (days) Time (days) Figure 4. Effect of a w and time on deoxynivalenol production by F. culmorum on monolayers of wheat gra<strong>in</strong> at 15° and 25°C (Hope, 2003). 3.3. Competition and Colonisation by F. culmorum Figure 6 shows that many hydrolytic enzymes are produced by F. culmorum which may enable rapid utilization of nutritional
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Advances in Food Mycology
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Advances in Food Mycology Edited by
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FOREWORD This book represents the P
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CONTENTS Foreword .................
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Contents ix Mycobiota, mycotoxigeni
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CONTRIBUTORS M. Lourdes Abarca, Dep
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Contributors xiii Dilek Heperkan, I
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Section 1. Understanding the fungi
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4 Jens C. Frisvad et al. Furthermor
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6 Jens C. Frisvad et al. Table 1. M
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8 Jens C. Frisvad et al. Major sour
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10 Jens C. Frisvad et al. Major sou
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12 Jens C. Frisvad et al. 3.4. Cycl
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14 Jens C. Frisvad et al. and poult
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16 Jens C. Frisvad et al. 3.9. Zear
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18 Jens C. Frisvad et al. 4.5. Myco
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20 Jens C. Frisvad et al. 4.9. Peni
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22 Jens C. Frisvad et al. Major sou
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24 Jens C. Frisvad et al. only occu
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26 Jens C. Frisvad et al. 1977, Myc
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28 Jens C. Frisvad et al. Kamyar, M
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30 Jens C. Frisvad et al. Pitt, J.
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RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING THE CHRO
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Recommendations Concerning the Chro
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Section 2. Media and method develop
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50 M. H. Taniwaki et al. the counti
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52 M. H. Taniwaki et al. Table 1. O
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54 M. H. Taniwaki et al. 60 column
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56 M. H. Taniwaki et al. 3.2. Growt
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58 M. H. Taniwaki et al. 3.4. Estim
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60 M. H. Taniwaki et al. lowest; ab
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62 M. H. Taniwaki et al. 4. DISCUSS
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64 M. H. Taniwaki et al. viable cou
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66 M. H. Taniwaki et al. Brancato,
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EVALUATION OF MOLECULAR METHODS FOR
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Evaluation of Molecular Methods for
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Page 120 and 121: Standardization of Methods for Dete
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Page 124 and 125: ECOPHYSIOLOGY OF FUMONISIN PRODUCER
Page 126 and 127: Ecophysiology of Fumonisin Producer
Page 132 and 133: ECOPHYSIOLOGY OF FUSARIUM CULMORUM
Page 134 and 135: Ecophysiology of Fusarium culmorum
Page 146 and 147: FOOD-BORNE FUNGI IN FRUIT AND CEREA
Page 148 and 149: Fungi and Mycotoxins in Fruit and C
Page 162 and 163: BLACK ASPERGILLUS SPECIES IN AUSTRA
Page 164 and 165: Black Aspergillus Species in Austra
Page 182 and 183: 174 Marta Bau et al. sporadically i
Page 184 and 185: 176 Marta Bau et al. Table 1. Occur
Page 186 and 187: 178 Marta Bau et al. Table 2. Ochra
Page 188 and 189: FUNGI PRODUCING OCHRATOXIN IN DRIED
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Fungi Producing Ochratoxin in Dried
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AN UPDATE ON OCHRATOXIGENIC FUNGI A
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An Update on Ochratoxigenic Fungi a
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MYCOBIOTA, MYCOTOXIGENIC FUNGI, AND
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Mycobiota and Citrinin in Black Oli
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BYSSOCHLAMYS: SIGNIFICANCE OF HEAT
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Byssochlamys Heat Resistance and My
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EFFECT OF WATER ACTIVITY AND TEMPER
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Aflatoxin and CPA Production in Pea
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INACTIVATION OF FRUIT SPOILAGE YEAS
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High Pressure Inactivation of Fungi
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ACTIVATION OF ASCOSPORES BY NOVEL F
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Activation of Ascospores by Novel F
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MIXTURES OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC A
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Mixtures of Natural and Synthetic A
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PROBABILISTIC MODELLING OF ASPERGIL
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Probabilistic Modelling of Aspergil
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ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF SOURDOUGH BR
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Antifungal Activity of Sourdough Br
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PREVENTION OF OCHRATOXIN A IN CEREA
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Prevention of Ochratoxin A in Cerea
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RECOMMENDED METHODS FOR FOOD MYCOLO
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Recommended Methods for Food Mycolo
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Recommended Methods for Food Mycolo
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APPENDIX 1 - MEDIA All media are st
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Appendix 1 - Media 351 CYA (1): Cza
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Appendix 1 - Media 353 note that th
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Appendix 1 - Media 355 PCA: Potato
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Appendix 1 - Media 357 Pitt, J. I.,
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Appendix 2 - International Commissi
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362 Index Antifungal agents (Contin
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364 Index Cellulase, from F. culmor
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366 Index Fusarenon X, 15 Fusarin C
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368 Index Mycophenolic acid, 18, 21
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370 Index Phaffia, 74 Phoma tenuazo
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