Proceedings - Teaching and Learning Centre - Simon Fraser ...

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Fraser River Action Plan 3rd Research Workshop Role of Particles in the Accumulation by Fish of Chemicals from Pulp Mill Effluents J.L. Parrott 1 , B.G. Krishnappan 1 and P.V. Hodson 2 1 National Water Research Institute 2 Department of Biology, Queens University Abstract Fish exposed to the spent cooking liquors from Kraft pulping (black liquor) demonstrated a linear increase in liver mixed function oxygenase (MFO) activity (MFO induction). The interaction between chemical accumulation by fish and the presence of particles in water was evaluated by bioassays of MFO induction with trout exposed to black liquor in aquaria, stirred carboys, or in a large rotating flume that controlled bed shear stress and hence, the number and size of particles. The extent of MFO induction should reflect the influence of particles on chemical accumulation by fish. The null hypothesis was that particles would not reduce chemical availability. Preliminary experiments with fish exposed in both the flume and in aquaria showed that fish could survive in the flume if eddies were created to reduce swimming effort. However, MFO induction in the presence of black liquor was much lower than expected based on parallel aquaria studies. High temperatures and exercise appeared to reduce MFO induction caused by exposure to black liquor, so temperature controls were installed in the flume to maintain 15°C, but the ‘flume effect’ persisted, suggesting some chemical adsorption to the walls of the flume, or influence of exercise on fish MFO. Particles added to stirred aquaria (carboys) caused a reduction in MFO induction by black liquor, which did not support the null hypothesis. These experiments were preliminary and designed primarily to evaluate the best methods for testing fish in the flume. Fish exposures are continuing using six newly constructed, stainless steel, linear flow channels. When built, these channels will be used to test current speed effects on MFO. We will study the effects of particle concentrations and sources on MFO induction by black liquor, using sediments from Nechako, Thompson and Main rivers. Page 11
Fraser River Action Plan 3rd Research Workshop Fish MFO • wild fish have elevated MFO downstream of pulp mills • in lab, fish MFO induced by pulp mill effluents, black liquor Do suspended particles affect fish accumulation of MFO inducers from pulp mill effluents? • concentrations of particles • types of particles/sediments rainbow trout 5 fish in 10 L aquaria exposed to black liquor (up to 0.1%) 15° C 4 days static-renewal measure EROD activity Page 12 sample livers
Page 2 and 3: PROCEEDINGS 3rd RESEARCH WORKSHOP F
Page 4 and 5: TABLE OF CONTENTS Participants ....
Page 6 and 7: Development of a Citizen’s Monito
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Page 26 and 27: SESSION 1 PULP MILL EFFLUENT ISSUES
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Fraser River Action Plan 3rd Resear
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SESSION 4 AGRICULTURAL ISSUES
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SESSION 5 BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
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SESSION 6 ESTUARY ISSUES
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Fraser River Action Plan The Use of
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Fraser River Action Plan Concluding
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