Proceedings - Teaching and Learning Centre - Simon Fraser ...

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Fraser River Action Plan 3rd Research Workshop Session 6: Estuary Issues Chair: P. Harrison Study started in mid-1994 through 1995 (only full year’s data) and continues through fall 1996. Study looked at three sites: 1. Iona; A0 = specific point contaminated site. 2. Mouth of the Fraser R., A14 = reference site. 3. Fraser Estuary Mudflat (Sturgeon Bank, Roberts Bank and Boundary Bay). • Work covers new data on nutrient cycling, primary production, formation of nutrients, pore-waters, cohort analyses for secondary production, pollutant transfer from sediments to invertebrates to birds, and bird predation on invertebrates; no rate measurements have been made. • By combining current data from the various estuary studies with historical data from the literature, it will be possible to get some idea of Iona recovery. • We need more work to better understand the ecology of the mudflat. 1. Iona • In 1988 sewage input into mudflat halted — a unique opportunity to follow the response/recovery. • Silver (Ag) is a good tracer of sewage. • Zn and Hg are still high, especially Hg, is very high. • Previously anoxic and azoic A0 site is recovering as indicated by nutrients, chl a, primary and secondary production, and fish. • Benthic invertebrate populations in intertidal mudflats are dynamic and this could have some implications for monitoring programs (i.e., the size of the program, budget and sampling sizes). • Dunlin may be good indicator species as they overwinter in the area, have sustainable populations, and their toxic loads are good indicators of estuary health. • Year 3 (1996) will involve more sampling around A0. 2. Mouth of Fraser • Metal concentrations indicate broader, low levels of pollution. • Need good baseline data for site A14, before Annacis and Lulu Island convert to secondary STPs. 3. Fraser Estuary Mudflat (Sturgeon Bank, Roberts Bank and Boundary Bay) • Boundary Bay relatively pristine (with regard to metals) and may serve as good reference site. • High stress area (MacDonald Slough, airport, coal port ferry terminal, housing developments). • Need a better understanding of basic ecology of mudflat and how pollutants affect the area. Deliverables: 1) Pollutant Status: – metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn) – sewage tracer - Ag – organics - PAHs, OCs Page 323
Fraser River Action Plan 3rd Research Workshop 2) Abundance and Distribution: a) Dominant Primary Producers – benthic algae – marsh grasses b) Infaunal Macro/Invertebrates (e.g., Macoma, Corophium) c) Fish d) Birds - overwintering dunlin 3) Estuarine Rate Processes - Influence of pollutants on: a) Nutrient Cycling b) Primary Productivity c) Secondary Productivity d) Bird Predation on Benthic Invertebrates e) Pollutant Transfer from Sediment to Invertebrates to Birds 4) Recovery of Iona Island Site (Present vs. Past Azoic Site) - review chapter - overview of recovery 5) Baseline Data for A14 (Mouth of Fraser River) - before Annacis and Lulu Island convert to secondary treatment 6) Increased understanding of ecology of mudflat and its biochemical processes Year 3 - Additional Measurements 1) More sampling around A0 to map horizontal and vertical extent of pollution (silver as a sewage tracer). 2) Analyze archived benthic invertebrate samples at A14 (mouth of Fraser River). 3) Measure PAHs and possibly OCs. General Conclusions 1) Rudimentary knowledge of Fraser estuary mudflat. 2) Focus on mouth of Fraser River for contaminant effects on ecology. 3) Boundary Bay - a reference area. 4) Interactions of large intertidal mudflat with adjacent Strait of Georgia. Data Gaps/Recommendations • Unfortunately missed the rapid response (1989 - 1994) due to budget constraints; data represents more mid to end-point series along time line. • Areas deserving more research: – Meiofauna (
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PROCEEDINGS 3rd RESEARCH WORKSHOP F
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Participants ....
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Development of a Citizen’s Monito
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Fraser River Action Plan 3rd Resear
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SESSION 1 PULP MILL EFFLUENT ISSUES
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SESSION 4 AGRICULTURAL ISSUES
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SESSION 5 BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
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SESSION 6 ESTUARY ISSUES
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