Proceedings - Teaching and Learning Centre - Simon Fraser ...

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Fraser River Action Plan The Use of Silver Measurements in Sediments as a Tracer of Sewage Inputs to Coastal Waters K. Gordon’, T.F. Pedersen’ and R.W. MacDonald 2 ‘Department of Oceanography University of British Columbia Institute of Ocean Sciences 3rd Research Workshop Elevated silver concentrations in surface sediments from the Strait of Georgia reflect the submarine discharge and northerly flow of primary-treated sewage from the Iona Island Wastewater Treatment Plant immediately south of Vancouver. Silver can be used to trace sewage because silver concentrations in sewage particles and, therefore, sewage-contaminated sediments, are higher than in uncontaminated sediments. Silver tends to be more enriched in sewage wastes than other metals mainly because the metal is introduced to municipal wastewater primarily from the photographic industry. Silver concentrations near the Iona outfall were up to six times greater, around 600 ppb, than concentrations in the middle of the Strait of Georgia, at about 100 ppb, indicating that sewage particles accumulate near the outfall. The plume appeared to move northward from the outfall since higher silver concentrations extend to the north. This observation was consistent with the northerly flow of deep water at this location. dlT(LCL UJ Georgia _ Silver (ppb) ‘Outfall
Fraser River Action Plan 3rd Research Workshop Recovery of a Contaminated Mudflat from Sewage Treatment Plant Effluent at Iona and Sea Islands K. Yin, P.J. Harrison Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences University of British Columbia Abstract The objective of our project is to study the estuarine benthic ecology with respect to a long-term response to diversion of sewage treatment plant effluent in 1989 at Iona and Sea Islands. Two years of data were collected during April, 1994 and December, 1995 on the mudflats of Sturgeon Bank and Roberts Bank. The data included measurements of physical parameters (salinity and temperature), chemical parameters (pH and oxygen), nutrients (NO3, NO2, NH4 and PO4) in the water column during flood and ebb tides, benthic chl a, sediment pore water nutrients (NO3, NO2, NH4, and PO4), and total sediment organic carbon and nitrogen. Our main findings for the water column were that surface oxygen levels in the incoming and outgoing water on Sturgeon Bank remained above 4 ml/L; phytoplankton biomass in the water was lost to benthic animals during a tidal cycle; and nutrients (ammonium) were released from sediment to the water column during a tidal cycle. Algal biomass was lowest at the contamination site (A0) near the Iona Sewage Treatment Plant outfall but its seasonal fluctuation was apparently parallel to a site on Roberts Bank. This indicated that the two sites have been subjected to the same natural environmental forcing, suggesting that the contamination site is recovering, but its lower biomass points to the suppressing effect of contamination. Page 275
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PROCEEDINGS 3rd RESEARCH WORKSHOP F
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Participants ....
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Development of a Citizen’s Monito
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Fraser River Action Plan 3rd Resear
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SESSION 1 PULP MILL EFFLUENT ISSUES
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SESSION 4 AGRICULTURAL ISSUES
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SESSION 5 BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
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