Proceedings - Teaching and Learning Centre - Simon Fraser ...
Proceedings - Teaching and Learning Centre - Simon Fraser ... Proceedings - Teaching and Learning Centre - Simon Fraser ...
Fraser River Action Plan 3rd Research Workshop 6. refine CSO sampling procedures and protocols and provide recommendations for future CSO characterization within the GVRD. Some of the results were as follows: 1. The average concentration of general constituents, heavy metals and selected organic compounds were either similar or less than the estimates developed as part of the GVRD Stage 1 Liquid Waste Management Plan (LWMP) (Table 2); 2. Levels of cadmium, chromium, lead and nickel were well below the Stage 1 LWMP estimates. With respect to lead, the lower levels detected were likely due to the banning of leaded gasoline several years ago; 3. PCBs were not detected in any wastewater samples. The levels of dioxins and furans detected in the wastewater sampled for events 1 and 2 (1994) were considered low and similar to those levels detected during the Clark Drive and Westridge CSO studies; 4. Twenty-six organic compounds were detected in the 1994 CSO wastewater samples and four were common to both sampling events. The compounds included: benzo(a)pyrene and pyrene (high molecular weight PAHs), methylnaphthalenes and dioxins; 5. Twenty-six organic compounds were detected in the 1995 CSO wastewater samples and ten were common to all sampling events. The compounds included: a) benzo(b)fluroanthene b) fluroanthene c) methylnapthalenes d) dimethylnapthalenes e) trimethylnapthalenes f) methylpheneanthrenes g) dimethylpheneanthrenes h) chloroform (halogenated VOC) i) toluenes (meta and para) j) xylenes (meta and para) 6. The CSOs exhibited concentrations of suspended solids, BOD and nutrients (ammonia and phosphorus) four to fourteen times below typical GVRD domestic sewage levels indicating relative rates of stormwater dilution. 7. Toxicity was evident for some samples for the Microtox and Ceriodaphnia tests. There were no measured toxic effects for the rainbow trout bioassay and the algal growth inhibition tests. Stormwater Discharge Inventory This inventory attempted to locate all large stormwater discharges on the Fraser River from the mouth of the Fraser River to Kanaka Creek including a photo record and visual observations of the surrounding area. A total of 252 stormwater discharges were found at this time. In conjunction with the inventory, the consultant was asked to expand an environmental sensitivity index developed by the Capital Regional District in Victoria for its stormwater discharge inventory around the foreshore. A high index value would indicate an environmental impact by the stormwater discharge on one of the following: 1. endangered or protected habitat such as a bird sanctuary; 2. spawning or rearing habitat of commercially or recreationally utilized fish species; and, 3. primary contact water activities such as swimming, windsurfing. Page 97
Fraser River Action Plan 3rd Research Workshop The findings of the report suggested that 16% of the stormwater discharges have potential for environmental impacts affecting human or animal health. Table 2: Estimated Combined Sewer Overflow Concentration Contaminants Cpw (Ave.) Cpd (Ave.) Calculated Co. (Range) Page 98 Reference 1 (mean) Reference 2 (range) Estimated Values BOD 46 142 15-66 54 51-76 60 COD 121 322 57-162 ND 107-190 110 Fecal Coliform (MPN/100 mL) ND ND ND ND 3600-7.8x10 3 pH 7 7.2 6.9-7.0 ND ND 7 Oil and Grease 16 34 6.0-17.0 ND ND 11 Nitrogen: Ammonia 6 12 2.7-6.4 ND ND 4 Kjeldahl 13 25 6.3-13.8 ND ND 10 4.0x10 5 Nitrate/Nitrite
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<strong>Fraser</strong> River Action Plan 3rd Research Workshop<br />
The findings of the report suggested that 16% of the stormwater discharges have potential for environmental<br />
impacts affecting human or animal health.<br />
Table 2: Estimated Combined Sewer Overflow Concentration<br />
Contaminants Cpw<br />
(Ave.)<br />
Cpd<br />
(Ave.)<br />
Calculated Co.<br />
(Range)<br />
Page 98<br />
Reference 1<br />
(mean)<br />
Reference 2<br />
(range)<br />
Estimated<br />
Values<br />
BOD 46 142 15-66 54 51-76 60<br />
COD 121 322 57-162 ND 107-190 110<br />
Fecal Coliform (MPN/100 mL) ND ND ND ND 3600-7.8x10 3<br />
pH 7 7.2 6.9-7.0 ND ND 7<br />
Oil <strong>and</strong> Grease 16 34 6.0-17.0 ND ND 11<br />
Nitrogen: Ammonia 6 12 2.7-6.4 ND ND 4<br />
Kjeldahl 13 25 6.3-13.8 ND ND 10<br />
4.0x10 5<br />
Nitrate/Nitrite
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