Comprehensive Uzbek-English Dictionary [ Aa ... - Dunwoody Press

Comprehensive 

Uzbek-English Dictionary 

[ Aa – Qq ] 

Jahangir Mamatov 

Michael Horlick 

Karamat Kadirova

Comprehensive 

Uzbek-English Dictionary 

[ Aa – Qq ] 



Karamat Kadirova 

�� 

2011 

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Comprehensive Uzbek-English Dictionary 

Copyright © 2011 by McNeil Technologies, Inc. 

All rights reserved. 

No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, 

electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information 

storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission from the copyright owner. 

All inquiries should be directed to: 

Dunwoody Press 

6525 Belcrest Rd., Suite 460 

Hyattsville, MD 20782 

U.S.A. 

ISBN: 978-1-931546-83-6 

Library of Congress Control Number: 2011922106 

Printed and bound in the United States of America

Ota-onalarimizning xotiralariga 

bag'ishlaymiz 

For Our Parents

Table of Contents 

Publisher’s Preface .................................................................................................................................................................................... i 

Ackowledgments ..................................................................................................................................................................................... iii 

Structure and Use 

Ordering and Layout ........................................................................................................................................................................ v 

General Arrangement ...................................................................................................................................................................... v 

Parts of Speech .................................................................................................................................................................................. vi 

Symbols & Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................................... ix 

References .................................................................................................................................................................................................. xi 

The Dictionary 

A .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 

B ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 91 

D ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 220 

E .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 262 

F .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 291 

G ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 312 

H ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 340 

I ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 391 

J ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 435 

K .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 463 

L ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 542 

M ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 561 

N ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 661 

O ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 694 

P .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 785 

Q ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 847 

R ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1033 

S ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1076 

T ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1253 

U ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1533 

V ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1578 

X ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1605 

Y ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1665 

Z ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1766 

O' ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1802 

G' ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1863 

SH ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1902 

CH ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1980

Publisher’s Preface 

Our Comprehensive Uzbek-English Dictionary is a complete revision of our Uzbek-English Dictionary (Revised, 

Karl A. Krippes, 1996). It incorporates our other work in Uzbek including Uzbek–English Dictionary of Phrases 

(Khayrulla H. Ismatulla, 1998) and Disaster Preparedness Glossary Uzbek-English English-Uzbek (Abdusattor 

Sharafiddinov, Thomas Creamer, 2005). Our new dictionary benefits from the latest lexicographic research from 

Uzbekistan, especially A.Madvaliev et al, S.F. Akobirov. Ўзбек тилининг изоҳли луғати (An Annotated 

Dictionary of the Uzbek Language, volumes 1-5. Uzbek National Encyclopedia, National Science Publishing 

House, 2007). 

Our methodology is encapsulated in our theme: Real words from real texts. The headwords have been taken from a 

corpus featuring a wide range of modern Uzbek texts written in both the Cyrillic and Latin alphabets covering a 

variety of topics. In addition to the printed texts, we have supplemented our corpus with transcribed, unrehearsed 

conversions between native Uzbek speakers. In this way, we attempt to document the way Uzbek is spoken and 

written today. This volume contains 37,002 headwords so collected. 

The hallmark of our methodology is our attempt to include an authentic example for each definition of each 

headword, with the exception of certain common nouns. Verbs and function words receive special attention and 

often contain multiple examples. Most of the examples are complete sentences, although we also include typical 

collocations and phrases. Using authentic examples presents challenges. For instance, some examples may be 

overly specific, while others are somewhat vague. Nonetheless, we have chosen examples that represent the kinds 

of authentic texts that users will encounter in modern Uzbek. This volume contains 64,640 examples using this 

methodology. 

Please send any comments, suggestions, and corrections to: 

Comprehensive Uzbek-English Dictionary Project 

6525 Belcrest Rd, Suite 460 

Hyattsville, MD 20782 

Director, 

Dunwoody Press 

or 

http://www.dunwoodypress.com 

i

Acknowledgments 

We would like to thank Tom Creamer for his constant and steady leadership. 

Thanks are also due to Aung Kyaw Oo, Steven Harrell, Mark Jeon, Alan Downing, Parvina Mamatova, and 

Madina Mamatova for their help and support over the course of this project. 

We also offer special praise and gratitude to Erin Gyomber for her keen eyes and indefatigable tenacity in editing 

the many thousands of pages herein. 

iii 



Karamat Kadirova 

Hyattsville, Maryland 

February 2011

Ordering and Layout 

Structure and Use 

Headwords have been ordered according to their spelling in the Uzbek Latin alphabet with the digraphs “ch” and “sh” coming 

at the very end. Word sequences without hards signs (') are sorted before word sequences that have them, as when “ma’lum” 

follows “mashru.” Additionally, the digraph “ng,” which never occurs in word-initial position, is listed last here. 

1. A 

2. B 

3. D 

4. E 

5. F 

6. G 

7. H 

8. I 

9. J 

10. K 

11. L 

12. M 

13. N 

14. O 

15. P 

16. Q 

17. R 

18. S 

19. T 

20. U 

21. V 

22. X 

23. Y 

24. Z 

25. O' 

26. G' 

27. SH 

28. CH 

29. NG 

General Arrangement 

A typical entry will consist of an Uzbek word rendered in the Uzbek Latin script followed immediately by its Cyrillic 

equivalent. This will be accompanied by a part of speech label, a definition, and an example. Entries will also have domain and 

register labels when appropriate. Cross-references, coming at the very end, will provide the user with any information deemed 

relevant to the understanding of the given headword. 

A typical entry will appear as follows: 

Headword 

Cyrillic equivalent 

Uzbek example 

Cross-reference 

arzitmoq / арзитмоқ Q v. to make worth, to deem equal to, to value 

at ▶ Siz qimmatbaho deb hadya qilgan narsani u arzitmadi. He 

didn't give much thought to a present you had thought was pretty 

special. CAUSATIVE OF: arzimoq W ▶ U sizni shu eski to'nga 

arzitdimi? So he thought you were only worth an old coat, huh? 

To as great an extent as possible, steps have been taken to provide the user with equivalents rather than explanations. 

The most obvious exceptions are culturally-specific words that lack immediate English equivalents. When such instances arise, 

the headword itself forms the equivalent with a parenthetical explanation following thereafter providing the necessary 

annotation. 

v 

Part of Speech 

Sense / Definition 

English translation 

2nd Uzbek example 

2nd English translation

Parts of Speech 

Part of speech labels are applied from an Uzbek perspective; as such, users are advised to keep the label firmly in mind since in 

many cases the corresponding English part of speech might well be different. 

On the examples 

Great care was taken to include examples from a broad selection of sources and registers. They are all authentic, taken from 

native sources, and orginate from works of literature, religious texts and debates, other lexicographic sources, and the Internet. 

The headword, for which the example has been included, will be bolded and italicized both in the original Uzbek example and 

in the English translation. 

That said, because great emphasis has been placed on rendering the Uzbek in English that is as smooth and natural as possible, 

literal, word-for-word equivalents will not occur, which is to say that a single Uzbek work might end up being glossed as an 

English phrase or vice versa. 

On the register labels 

The register labels are colloquial, dialectical, figurative, and obsolete. 

A colloquial label is used to mark an entry whose pronunciation or spelling differs from that of the more accepted form, but 

whose presence in the source texts suggests the need for its inclusion as a headword. Such colloquial headwords will always be 

cross-referenced to the more standard form. A typical colloquial headword entry will appear as follows: 

eltmoq / элтмоқ Q v. colloquial to snatch, to swipe ▶ Biz molimizni Chimkentga eltamiz-da, keyin chegaradagilarga 

ulushini uzatib, aylanma yo'llar orqali Toshkentga yetkazib olamiz. We grab our wares and go to Chimkent, then give 

bribes to the border guards, then bring everything back to Tashkent by a circuitous route. SAME AS: etmoq W ▶ Shoira 

birato'lasiga xonadagi hamma kerakli bo'lmagan ashyolarni yig'ib qo'shni xonadagi qizlarga eltib berdi. Shoira took up all 

the unneeded items in the room and gave them to the girl next door. 

A dialectical label is used to mark an entry whose form is lexical and not simply a pronounced variant of the standard form. 

While in most cases the form will be localized to a specific region of the country, geographic details have not been included. 

Such dialectical headwords will always be cross-referenced to the more standard form. A typical dialectical headword entry will 

appear as follows: 

emgak / эмгак Q n. dialect work, labor, effort ▶ emgak izlab ketmoq to leave to search for employment SAME AS: mehnat 

W difficulty, hardship ▶ emgak chekmoq to endure hardship 

By far the most common register label is figurative, which is used to mark a shifted or conceptually expanded usage of a word. 

The conceptual relationship between the base and expanded meanings of the headword is in typically than clear, so an actual 

definition will be included for those senses in which the usage in context needs further explanation. A typical figurative entry 

will appear as follows: 

kuydirmoq / куйдирмоқ Q v. to burn, to subject to damaging heat ▶ Suv juda qaynoq ekan, bilmasdan barmog'imni tiqib 

olgandim, kuydirdi. Not knowing just how hot the water was, I stuck my finger in, scalding it. CAUSATIVE OF: kuymoq W 

figurative ▶ Bugun quyosh hammayoqni kuydirib yubordi. Today the sun just burned up everything. ♦ Choy qaynoq 

ekan, tilimni kuydirdi. The tea was bubbling hot - it burned my tongue! E figurative ▶ Jon kuydirmasang biror ishdan 

natija ololmaysan. Unless you can feel the burn to succeed, you will never yield any results. R figurative ▶ Bir paytlar 

meni kuydirgan go'zal hozir qayerlarda ekan? I wonder where that girl who set my heart afire so long ago is now! 

The obsolete label is used to mark terms that are no longer part of common usage. A typical obsolete headword entry will 

appear as follows: 

falakiyot / фалакиёт n. obsolete astronomy (i.e. as a branch of science) ▶ falakiyot mashqlari astronomical practices 

SAME AS: astronomiya 

vi

On the domain labels 

Domain labels are used to frame a particular word’s meaning within a specific or limited context so as to make a deeper 

explanation of the term unnecessary. A typical, domain-tagged entry will appear as below: 

manfiy / манфий Q adj. mathematics negative ▶ manfiy son negative number W physics negative ▶ manfiy zaryad 

negative charge E figurative ▶ Mening u haqdagi fikrim manfiydir. My feelings about him are less than flattering. 

On the cross-references 

Four of the cross-references used in the given effort apply exclusively to verbs and will always refer the user back to the verb 

from which the given form derives. 

The causative of cross-reference is used to refer one back to the base form from which the given verb derives. In some cases, as 

below, the English equivalent from one form to the next makes the form more than clear: 

asabiylanmoq / асабийланмоқ v. to become irritable, to get frustrated, to have one's fill of ▶ Keyingi paytlarda erim 

arzimagan narsaga ham asabiylanadigan bo'lib qolganlar. Lately, my husband has been getting upset over the smallest 

things! 

asabiylantirmoq / асабийлантирмоқ v. to irritate, to frustrate ▶ - Erimning har narsaga asabiylashgani meni ham 

asabiylantiradi, - dedi Temirbekning xotini. Temirbek's wife said, “My husband's constant frustration irritates me too.” 

CAUSATIVE OF: asabiylanmoq 

In others though, as below, special care is taken - through the addition of supplemental information included in parenthesis - to 

ensure than this intransitive/transitive distinction is expressed as clearly as possible: 

emdirmoq / эмдирмоқ v. to (cause to) nurse, to (make) suckle ▶ Sigir o'z bolasini emdirmayapti. The cow isn't nursing its 

calf. CAUSATIVE OF: emmoq 

The mutual of label is used to mark actions taken by a group of two or more persons. In most cases, as below, such entries are 

straightforward and uncomplicated: 

egallashmoq / эгаллашмоқ v. to possess, to hold, to have (i.e. together, as a group) ▶ Yoshlar hamma sohalarni 

egallashmoqda. The young are taking to every field (there is)! MUTUAL OF: egallamoq 

This label is often used for verbs exemplified several times or for verbs whose base form - to which it is always crossreferenced 

- has more than one sense, as shown below: 

bo'ylashmoq 1 / бўйлашмоқ Q v. to measure out (i.e. together, as a group) ▶ Egizaklar bo'ylashmoqda edilar. The twins 

measured themselves against each other. MUTUAL OF: bo'ylamoq W ▶ Bu qanaqa deputat, prezident bilan 

bo'ylashmoqda? What kind of a deputy is he, competing with the president? 

In other cases, though, as below, the mutual of label is meant to apply only to the specific sense to which it is attached: 

bog'lashmoq / боғлашмоқ Q v. to connect, to hitch to (i.e. together, as a group) ▶ Ular dillarini dillariga bog'lashmoqda. 

They are joined (to one another) at the heart. MUTUAL OF: bog'lamoq W to place a bet, to make a wager ▶ Qani bahs 

bog'lashamizmi, bu zolim shoh o'lguniga qadar taxtda o'tiraveradi. I'll bet you that oppressive king stays on the throne 

until he dies. 

The user is cautioned to read the equivalents carefully to ensure proper usage in each case. 

The passive of label is used to mark a form of a verb in which the subject is the recipient of the action. A typical passive 

headword entry will appear as follows: 

bitkazilmoq / битказилмоқ v. to be finished, to be completed ▶ Kollej uchun yangi kutubxona qurib bitkazildi. A new 

library has been built for the school. PASSIVE OF: bitkazmoq 

A typical reflexive of entry will appear as below: 

hurkinmoq / ҳуркинмоқ v. to become frightened, to feel fear ▶ Qiz oldidan chiqqan itni ko'rib hurkindi. Seeing a dog 

come out behind her, the girl became frightened. REFLEXIVE OF: hurkmoq 

vii

It should be noted, though, that while the passive and reflexive forms of the verb are quite often morphologically distinct, the 

two forms sometimes overlap. In such cases, the individual senses will be tagged and identified. Such headwords will appear as 

follows: 

ezilmoq / эзилмоқ Q v. to be pressed, to be squeezed ▶ ezilgan tamaki pressed tobacco PASSIVE OF: ezmoq W figurative 

to sympathize with, to feel bad for, to ache for ▶ Chet elda o'n yil ishlab qaytgan Toshpo'lot, metroga tushadigan zinalar 

yonida tilanchilik qilib o'tirgan shoir do'stining holiga hayfsindi, ich-ichdan ezildi. Toshpolot, back from ten years working 

abroad, felt bad at seeing his poet friend begging for money next to the stairs that went down to the subway and 

sympathized for him silently. REFLEXIVE OF: ezmoq E ▶ Azoga borgandim, yurak bag'rim ezilib ketdi, yetim qolgan 

bolalarning faryodi hammani yig'latdi. I went to the funeral and my heart and chest just ached, but the wails of the 

orphaned children made everyone cry. 

The remaining cross-reference labels apply in several different environments. 

The also see label is used to refer the user to another entry - typically one morphologically related to the given headword - most 

often simply as a matter of courtesy, should he or she perhaps want a bit more information. Cases in which the also see label is 

applied include verbal nouns cross-referenced to base forms, a headword to another related term word to a synonym, and a 

dialectical or colloquial term to a more standard form. 

A typical entry marked with the also see label will appear as below: 

erish 1 / эриш Q v.n. melting ▶ Muz erish natijasida suvga aylanadi. As a consequence of melting, ice turns into water. 

ALSO SEE: erimoq W celebrating, partying ▶ Diplomni olibsan, erish qachon? Did you get your diploma? When’s the 

party? 

The also spelled label is used quite sparingly and refers users to a more standard orthographic representation of a headword, as 

below: 

feruza / феруза Q n. geology turquoise ▶ Bu yerda qadimdan temir, feruza, kumush, va oltin qazib olingan. Iron, 

turquoise, silver, and gold from ancient times has been excavated here. ALSO SPELLED: firuza W Feruza (given female 

name) 

The same as label is used to refer users to another entry for what may be any number of reasons. Some of these may include 

inflected variants, related synonyms and colloquial and dialectical variants. A typical same as entry will appear as follows: 

misrai / мисраи n. couplet (i.e. of poetry, of verse) SAME AS: misra 

The redupl. of label is applied exclusively to onomatopeotic headwords and always refers the user back to the simplest form of 

the root. Such entries will appear as follows: 

hiq-hiq / ҳиқ-ҳиқ onom. hiccup ▶ Bolaga qarasangchi, tinmay hiq-hiqlamoqda. Are you going to check on the child - he's 

hiccupping nonstop. REDUPL. OF: hiq 

The last of the cross-referencing labels is dimin. of which marks headwords that are simply diminutive or smaller versions of 

other headwords. Such entries appear as follows: 

eshikcha / эшикча n. small door ▶ U eshikchani ochib, qafasdagi qushni qo'yib yubordi. He opened the small door and 

put down the birds in the cages. DIMIN. OF: eshik 

There are a handful of instances in which both the singular and plural forms of foreign loan words have been taken into Uzbek 

usage. In such cases, the assimilated plural form is tagged with the label special plural. These headwords are cross-referenced 

back to the equivalent singular term. An example of this can be seen in: 

rusumot / русумот n. special plural customs, habits, traditions ▶ rusumoti jangbattle conventions SAME AS: rusum 

Additionally, there are likewise a number of cases in which borrowed foreign words include both masculine and feminine 

variants. In such cases, the feminine term will be labeled as feminine variant and cross-referenced back to the masculine term. 

An example of this can be seen in: 

adiba / адиба n. writer, author ▶ Taniqli jurnalist va adiba, sobiq xalq deputati Oygul Mamatova bugungi eshittirishimiz 

mehmoni. The guest we are going to hear from today is a noted journalist and author and former people's deputy, Oygul 

Mamatova. ALSO SEE: adib 

viii

Symbols & Abbreviations 

Symbols 

Q Sense number 

▸ Start of example 

♦ Start of next example 

• Start of subentry 

[bold-italic] Use of word in example 

[small caps] Cross-reference 

Abbreviations 

abbrev. abbreviation 

acrn. acronym 

adj. adjective 

adv. adverb 

conj. conjunction 

int. interjection 

m.w. measure word 

n. noun 

n. comp. compound noun 

onom. onomonopoetic 

part. particle 

post. postposition 

prep. preposition 

pron. pronoun 

v. aux. verbal auxiliary 

v. comp. verbal compound 

v.n. verbal noun 

v. part. verbal participle 

ix

References 

S.F. Akobirov et al. Ўзбек тилининг изоҳли луғати (An Annotated Dictionary of the Uzbek Language), 2 volumes. Moscow, 

“Russian language,” 1981. 

S.F. Akobirov et al. Ўзбекча-русча луғат (Uzbek-Russian Dictionary). Tashkent, Tajik Academy of Sciences, 1981, 726 pp. 

A.Madvaliev et al, S.F. Akobirov. Ўзбек тилининг изоҳли луғати (An Annotated Dictionary of the Uzbek Language), All 5 

volumes. Uzbek National Encyclopedia, National Science Publishing House, 2007. 

Frank, Allen, and Jahangir Mamatov. Dictionary of Central Asian Islamic Terms. Springfield, Virginia: Dunwoody Press, 2002. 

180 pp. 

Frank, Allen, and Jahangir Mamatov. Uzbek Islamic Debates: Texts, Translations, and Commentary. Springfield, Virginia, 

Dunwoody Press, 2006. 454 pp. 

Krippes, Karl A. Uzbek-English Dictionary, Dunwoody Press, 1993. 225 pp. 

The Holy Quran, Uzbek Translation by Alouddin Mansur, “Қуръони Карим,” Tashkent, “Cholpan,” 1992. 494 pp. 

Internet Uzbek websites. 

xi

A 

a 1 / а n. a (i.e., the first letter of the Uzbek alphabet) 

a 2 / а Q part. and, how about ▶ - Men shu yerdaman, - 

dedi Mehroj otasiga. - A onang qayerda? - deb so’radi 

dadasi. "I'm here," Mehroj told his father. His father 

replied, "And what about your mother?" W conj. but, 

however ▶ Men telefon qildim, a u qilmadi. I called him, 

but he didn’t call back. ♦ A men bunday deb 

o’ylamayman. But that's not how I see it! E conj. 

otherwise, or else, then why ▶ Men seni yomon ko’rsam 

izlab kelarmidim-a? And just why would I come looking 

for you if I didn't like you?! R int. wow, would you ... ▶ 

Qarang-a, qanday bino! Holy cow ... would you just look at 

that building! T part. huh, what (e.g., as an indication of 

surprise, confusion) ▶ Allaqachon Amerikaga yetib 

keldikmi-a?! What ... you mean we're in America 

already?! Y int. yeah sure, oh right ▶ Men senga 

ishondimmi-a? Oh right ... and you think I believed you?! 

U part. isn't, right (e.g., as a means of seeking 

confirmation, of indicating a rhetorical question) ▶ Bu 

bola juda ham quv ekan-a! That boy is pretty smooth, isn't 

he? I part. so, well, or what ▶ Kelasanmi-a? So ... are 

you coming, or what? ♦ -Bu ming so’m turadi. -A, ming 

so’m? - That's a thousand som. - How much ... a thousand? 

aba / аба n. dialect mother ▶ Abamga ham salom aytib 

qo'ying, aka! Say hello to my mom for me, too, brother! 

SAME AS : ona 

abad / абад Q n. eternity, the rest of time ▶ To abad 

yashasin bu o'lka. May this country live on forever! W 

adj. figurative interminable, never-ending ▶ Mening bu 

ishlarim abaddir. The work never seems to end! 

abadiy / абадий Q adj. everlasting, eternal ▶ abadiy 

do'stlik everlasting friendship W unforgettable, indelible 

▶ abadiy xotira indelible memory 

abadiya: / абадия: 

• hayoti abadiya / ҳаёти абадия eternal life, eternal 

reward religion ▶ Boymirza ota buyuk xizmatlari 

natijasiga qovushmoq uchun hayoti abadiyaga ketdilar va 

ul zotga tosh otganlar o'z jazolarini olgan bo'lishsa kerak. 

Father Boymirza has gone onto his eternal reward for the 

great contributions he made, and those who slander this 

figure will receive their own comeuppance for doing so. 

• saodati abadiya / саодати абадия eternal bliss ▶ 

Mustaqillik haqidagi orzular go'yo mash'al bo'lib, saodati 

abadiya yo'lini yoritdi. Our hopes for independence are 

like a torch lighting the path to our eternal bliss. 

abadiyan / абадиян Q adv. permanently, from now on ▶ 

Men oilam bilan Amerikaga abadiyanga keldim, dedi 

Abdulmannon Keskin. Abdulmannan Keskin said, "My 

family and I have come to America for good." W n. 

religion the permanent world, the afterlife ▶ U bu foniy 

dunyoni tark etib abadiyanga ketdi. He has left this 

temporary world for the one of eternity. 

abadiyat / абадият n. obsolete religion the eternal, the 

afterlife, the eternal reward ▶ U kishi abadiyatga ketdilar. 

This person has died (i.e., has joined the eternal). 

abadiylashmoq / абадийлашмоқ n. to immortalize, to 

make eternal ▶ Sovet davrida kommunist shoirlarning 

xotirasini abadiylash odat tusiga kirgandi. During Soviet 

times, the immortalization of communist poets became 

customary. 

1 

abbosiylar 

abadiylashtirmoq / абадийлаштирмоқ Q v. to 

immortalize, to make eternal ▶ Stalin paytida otib 

yuborilgan adiblardan ba’zilarining nomlari haliga qadar 

abadiylashtirilmadi. The names of some of the authors 

killed during Stalin's time have yet to be memorialized. W 

figurative to keep alive, to see to the memory of ▶ Abu 

Rayhon Beruniyning nomini abadiylashtirish maqsadida 

Abu Rayhon Beruniy nomidagi O'zbekiston Davlat 

mukofoti ta'sis etilgan. In an effort to keep the memory of 

Abu Rayhon Beruniy alive, the Uzbek National Award in 

the name of Abu Rayhon Beruniy was established. 

abadiylik / абадийлик Q n. eternity, all time ▶ Bu kitob 

abadiylikka daxldordir. This book belongs to the ages. W 

philosophy everlasting character, eternal state ▶ 

materiyaning abadiylik qonuni the law on the eternal state 

of matter E figurative ▶ U abadiylikka ketdi. He has 

passed into the immortal. ♦ Abadiylik Xudoga xos. 

Immortality is a characteristic of God alone. 

abadulabad / абаdulabad adv. forever, for all time ▶ U 

abadulabad chiqib bo'lmas qamoqqa kirib qolgan. He'd 

been sent to prison, never to come out again. SAME AS : 

abadulobod / абадулобод Q adv. colloquial forever, 

until the end of time ▶ Men seni abadulobod 

unutmayman. I won't forget you for as long as I live. 

SAME AS : abadulabad W ▶ Bu davr davroni 

abadulobod emas. This time will not last forever. E adj. 

perpetual, endless ▶ Uning rejimi abadulobod gacha 

emas. His regime is not a perpetual one. 

abajur / абажур n. lampshade ▶ Xonaga kirsangiz avval 

barcha lampalar ustidagi abajurlar diqqatingizni tortadi. 

When you go into the room, the lampshades are the first 

thing you notice. 

abajurli / абажурли adj. fitted with lampshade, shrouded 

▶ Abajurli chiroq xonani uncha yoritmaydi, 

almashtiraylik, dadasi. That shaded lamp doesn't even light 

up the room that much; let's swap it out, husband. 

abas / абас adj. vain, useless ▶ Bu hayot abasdur degan 

mullalarning aslo o’lgilari kelmaydi. The same mullas who 

say this life is lived in vain are fundamentally afraid of 

death. 

abasa: / абаса: 

• Abasa surasi / абаса сураси the Abasa Sura (i.e., the 

eightieth chapter of the Holy Qur'an) religion ▶ Abasa 

surasida Rasululloh huzuriga Abdulloh ibn Ummi Maktum 

nomli bir ko'zi ojiz musulmon kelib, diniy savol 

so'ramoqchi bo'lganida, uni malol olib, iltifot qilmay, 

Makka zodagonlarini da'vat qilish bilan band bo'lgani 

uchun Allohdan olgan tanbehi bayon etilgan. The Abasa 

Sura tells the story of a rebuke from God in which a blind 

Muslim named Abdulloh ibn Ummi Maktum comes to visit 

with God's Prophet and to ask a religious question, but is 

ignored by him because he is busy ministering to the 

aristocrats of Mecca. 

abbat / аббат n. religion abbot, caretaker (i.e., of a 

monastery) 

abbosiylar / аббосийлар n. history the Abbasids ▶ 750- 

1258 milodiy yillarda Bag'dod xalifaligida Abbosiylar 

sulolasi hukmdorlik qilgan. From 750 to 1258, the Abbasid 

Dynasty was the government of the Baghdad caliphate. 

♦ Abu Hanifa Abbosiylar hokimiyat tepasiga kelgach, 

Iroqqa qaytib ulamolik faoliyatini davom ettirgan. As soon 

as the Abbasids came to power, Abu Hanifa returned to 

Iraq to continue his work as a scholar.

abbreviatura 

abbreviatura / аббревиатура n. grammar abbreviation 

▶ Lug'atning uchinchi betida qo'llanilingan abbreviatura 

ro'yxati keltirilgan. A list of abbreviations has been 

compiled on page three of the dictionary. 

abd / абд n. religion creature, creation, slave (i.e., of God) 

▶ Mana, juda ko'plaringizni ismlaringiz abd bilan 

boshlandi, lekin dillaringizda nima bor menga qorong'u, 

o'zlaringizni abd deb bilasizlarmi yoki dunyoning 

hukmdori debmi? Yes - a great many of your names start 

with "abd," but what is in your hearts remains a mystery to 

me ... do you think yourself a slave of God, or do you see 

yourself as king of the world? 

abdal 1 / абдал Q n. religion educated man, learned man 

▶ U siz kabi ahmoq emas, u abdal odam. He isn't all dirty 

and corrupted like you are - he's an educated man. ALSO 

SEE : abdol W holy man, ascetic, fanatic ▶ U bunday 

abdal emas edi, Shvetsiyaga borgandan keyin dinga berilib 

ketdi. He wasn't really a holy man ... he found the faith 

after traveling to Sweden. 

abdal 2 / абдал n. lunatic, crazed man ▶ Yo'l-yo'lakay 

uyiga kirib, mashinangda abdalni ham olib kel, bo'lmasa u 

kechikib keladi. As you're coming in, bring that nut in with 

you, or he'll be late for sure! 

abdal 3 / абдал n. religion abdal (i.e., the unseen spirit of a 

saint) ▶ Odamlar har narsaga sig'inadigan bo'lib qolishdi, 

hatto ko'rinmas abdalga ham sig'inganlar bor bugun. 

People will worship just about anything - these days there 

are even people who worship the spirits of saints! 

abdol / абдол Q n. pious man, ardently religious person 

▶ U abdol odam edi, birovning haqiga xiyonat qilmagan 

edi. He was a godly man; he never did anything to anyone. 

♦ Bilmaysizmi, u abdol, araq ichmaydi, dedi Maxdum. 

Maxdum said, "Didn't you know - he's a believer and 

doesn't drink." W ascetic, dervish ▶ Nusratillo machitga 

qatnay boshlagandan beri abdol bo’lib qoldi, dedi Abbos 

aka. Brother Abbas said, "Since starting to attend the 

mosque, Nusratilla has became an ascetic." 

abdolvash / абдолваш Q adj. ascetic, dervish ▶ 

Boborahim Mashrab mashhur abdolvash shoirdir. 

Boborahim Mashrab is a famous ascetic poet. W simple, 

modest ▶ Lavozimi juda rasmiy bo’lsa ham, o’zi 

abdolvash ekan. His position is one of very high status, but 

he himself is a simple man. 

abdu / абду n. religion slave, servant (i.e., of God) ▶ 

Abdurauf Abdurauf (given male name) SAME AS : abd 

abdulla / абдулла Q n. religion Slave of God (i.e., an 

epithet of the prophets Abraham and Jesus) W Abdulla 

(i.e., the given name of the father of the prophet 

Muhammed) E Abdulla (given male name) 

aberratsion / аберрацион Q n. physics aberration, 

deviation ▶ Aberatsion daraja ob'yekt va harakatlanuvchi 

kishining bir-biriga nisbatan qilgan harakatiga bog'liq. The 

degree to which it deviates depends on the relative speed 

between object and observer. W adj. unusual, strange ▶ 

Odatda har kuni juda ko'p aberratsion hodisalarga duch 

kelamiz. It's not unusual for us to come across quite a few 

strange incidents each day. 

aberratsiya / аберрация Q n. aberration, deviation ▶ 

Bu rasmning asl ko'rinishi emas, aslini hali ko'rsangiz qoyil 

qolasiz, bu aberatsiya natijasida shunday ko'rinmoqda. 

That isn't what the photo really looks like; you would be 

shocked to see its true appearance; what you see is the 

result of an aberration. W adj. aberrant, strange ▶ Hozir 

2 

laboratoriyamizda ayrim hayvonlar organizmida paydo 

bo'lgan aberratsiya o'zgarishini kuzatyapmiz. We are 

currently observing abberrant changes in half of the 

animals in our laboratory. E astronomy aberration ▶ 

Yerning o'z o'qi va quyosh atrofida aylanishi natijasida 

yulduzlarning asl o'rnidan bir oz siljiganga o'xshab 

ko'rinishini ham aberratsiya deymiz. As a result of the 

spinning of the earth and sun on their own axes, the stars 

seem as if they are moving in place, something we call 

aberration. 

abgar / абгар n. colloquial destruction, ruin, end ▶ 

Uning abgarini chiqardim. I brought about his downfall. 

SAME AS : abgor 

abgor / абгор adj. broken-down, decrepit, ruined ▶ 

Muxtor insultdan keyin haligacha abgor. Mukhtar has been 

in pretty bad shape since the stroke. ♦ Tanklar 

hammayoqni abgor qilib yubordi. The tanks destroyed 

everything they ran over. ♦ Diktator prezidentning 

hukumronligi o'zbek xalqini abgor ahvolga tushirdi. The 

dictatorial president's governance is putting the Uzbek 

people into a state of ruin. 

abgor-abgashta / абгор-абгашта adv. colloquial with no 

destination in mind, without purpose ▶ U chet ellarga 

borib, mardikorlik qilib, abgor-abgashta yuribdi. He went 

abroad, worked as a migrant, and wandered from place to 

place. SAME AS : sarson-sargardon 

abgorlik / абгорлик n. ruined state, bad shape, poor status 

▶ "Abgorlik bilan hayot kechirish qachon bitadi",- dedi 

Andijon shahrida 2005 yilning 13 May kuni o’tgan 

namoyishda so'zga chiqqan kishi. A man speaking to 

protestors in Andijan on May 13, 2005 asked, "When will 

we see an end to living in ruin as we do?" 

abir / абир n. religion abir (i.e., a perfume typically given 

to pilgrims on the Hajj) ▶ Agar abir bo'lmasa bu issiqda 

yoningizdagi odamning sassig'iga chiday olmaysiz. In this 

heat, without abir, you'll never be able to take the stink of 

the people next to you! 

abira / абира n. literary great-grandchild ▶ Sakson 

yoshli momo abirasini ko’rish uchun Qashqadaryodan 

Amerikaga ketdi. Eighty-year-old grandma went to 

America from Qashqadaryo to see her great-grandchild. 

SAME AS : evara 

abiturient / абитуриент n. new student (e.g., to secondary 

school, to a university) ▶ Talabalar shaharchasi oliy o'quv 

yurtlarga kirayotgan abituriyentlarga liq to’la edi. Student 

Town is packed full of new arrivals who are entering 

programs at the university. ♦ Abiturient degani ertayu 

kech kitob o'qimaydimi, forumlarda o'tirib olib 

"g'azalxonlik" qilguncha-a?! Shouldn't a university 

freshman be studying day and night instead of spending all 

his time in Internet forums reading poetry?! 

abjad / абжад n. abjad (i.e., a system in which the various 

letters of the Arabic alphabet are assigned numerical 

values) 

abjadxon / абжадхон n. colloquial student (i.e., of 

Arabic) ▶ U bolasini uyida dindan dars beradigan Hanifa 

xolanikida qoldirib keldi, bolasi abjadxon. She brought her 

child to the home of Aunt Hanifa, who teaches religion to 

children at home; her child is learning Arabic. 

abjadxonlik / абжадхонлик n. colloquial study (i.e., of 

Arabic) ▶ Ular abjadxonlik paytida ushlangan ekanlar, 

radikal dindorlar deb sudlanmoqdalar. They were taken 

into custody while studying Arabic, and are being accused 

as religious radicals. ALSO SEE : ta'b

abjaq / абжақ adj. destroyed, smashed, broken beyond 

repair ▶ U mashinasining abjag’ini chiqardi. He totaled 

his car. 

abjaqlamoq / абжақламоқ v. to smash to bits, to break 

beyond repair ▶ Bu - siyosat, odamlar bir-birlarini 

abjaqlab o’tib ketaveradilar. This is politics; people are 

always in the process of ruining one another. 

abjaqlanmoq / абжақланмоқ v. to be smashed, to be 

broken to bits ▶ Bechora, oyoqlar ostida abjaqlanib 

ketdi. The poor guy was trampled underfoot. 

abjir / абжир adj. agile, adroit, skilled ▶ Abjir qiz deb 

kelin qilganim dangasa chiqdi. I remember thinking she'd 

be a capable daughter-in-law, but she turned out to be quite 

a dud! ♦ Men ham o'g'limga shunday bir abjir qiz 

izlayapman, keliningizga havasim keldi. I, too, am looking 

for just such a quick girl for my own son; I've really come 

to like your daughter-in-law. 

abjirlik / абжирлик n. agility, skillfulness ▶ Bu 

topshiriqni ham u abjirlik bilan bajardi. She likewise 

completed this assignment with the utmost skill. 

abjo'sh / абжўш n. dialect boiled water, purified water ▶ 

Abjo'sh demadim, muzday suv so'radim sizdan. I didn't 

asked for boiled water; I wanted ice water. SAME AS : 

objo'sh 

abjo'shi / абжўши n. dialect tempered metal, quenched 

metal ▶ U otiga abjo'shi nag'al urdiribdi. He nailed a 

hard-metal shoe onto the horse's hoof. 

ablah / аблаҳ Q n. derogatory idiot, moron ▶ Ablah, 

nima deyapsan o’zi? Idiot! What are you saying? W adj. 

despicable, contemptible ▶ U shu qadar ablah ediki, hatto 

tuhmat qilib o’z aka-ukasini ham qamatib yubordi. He was 

so reprehensible that he even sent his own brothers to jail, 

accusing them of slander. 

ablahlarcha / аблаҳларча Q adv. idiotically, moronically 

▶ Do'stim bilib turib indamay yurgan bu ablahlarcha 

qilgan harakatingni bizga qanday izohlab berasan, ha? My 

friend, you knew about this, but didn't try to tell me? How 

can you explain such a dumb move?! W despicable, 

detestable ▶ -Sen mening sirlarimni boshqalarga aytib 

ablahlarcha ish qilding,- dedi Ismat xotiniga. Ismat told 

his wife, "That was a deplorable thing, telling others my 

secrets." 

ablahlik / аблаҳлик Q n. idiocy, stupidity ▶ Ablahlik 

ham evi bilan-da, birodar! Even idiocy has limits, my 

friend! W despicableness, repulsiveness ▶ U ablahlik 

qilib, murdani ham qiynavdan to'ymaydigan odam. He is 

capable of such repulsiveness that even torturing a corpse 

is not below him. ♦ Karimovning ablahligini xalq hech 

qachon kechirmaydi. The people will never forgive 

Karimov's detestable ways. 

ablahona / аблаҳона Q adv. foolishly, stupidly ▶ Sodiq 

ablahona qiliqlardan o’zini tiya olmas edi. Sadiq couldn’t 

help doing things so foolishly! SAME AS : ablahlarcha W 

n. act of foolishness, idiocy ▶ Bu harakat ablahona edi. 

That was an act of idiocy. 

ablaq / аблақ adj. dappled, speckled (e.g., of a horse) ▶ 

Ippodromda faqat bitta ablaq ot mingan chavandoz 

shundoq yonimizdan uchib o'tib ketdi. Out on the 

racetrack, a single rider on a dappled horse just flew by us. 

abo / або n. woolen robe ▶ Xon boshiga qizil bo'rk 

ustidan salla o'rgan va abo kuygan edi. The khan was 

dressed in a woolen robe with a red turban of fur wrapped 

around his head. 

3 

abro' 

abobul: / абобул: 

• abobul Qur'on / абобул Қуръон Suras, the Chapters 

of the Holy Qur'an religion ▶ U abobul Qur'on bilan 

ham Qur'on tushirib ketaveradigan mulla edi. That's the 

mullah who put the Qur'an down after reading only a 

chapter (i.e., after agreeing to perform a complete 

recitation). 

abonement / абонемент Q n. subscription, purchasing 

arrangement ▶ Saylov kunlari Toshkentga kimga telefon 

qilmasam "Siz telefon qilayotgan raqam abonement haqini 

to’lamagani uchun vaqtincha uzib qo’yilgan", degan 

javobni eshitdim. During the election, every number I 

called in Tashkent answered with, "The number you have 

dialed has been temporarily disconnected for nonpayment 

of subscription fees." W subscription, season ticket ▶ 

Iltimos, abonementingizni ko'rsating. Please show me your 

season ticket. 

abonent / абонент Q n. subscriber, account holder, 

customer ▶ O’zbekiston hukumati abonentlar bilan 

ishlash haqida qaror chiqardi. The Uzbek government 

issued an order to work with account holders. ALSO SEE : 

obunachi W ▶ Bizning telefon stansiyamiz yuz mingta 

abonentga xizmat ko’rsatadi, dedi Karimova. Karimova 

said, "Our telephone system serves one hundred thousand 

customers." 

abort / аборт n. abortion (i.e., pregnancy termination) ▶ 

Hozir mamlakatda abort haqidagi bahslar yanada qizib 

ketdi. The debate on abortion is currently attracting 

attention in our country. 

abortiv / абортив Q adj. analgesic, pain-relieving ▶ 

abortiv davolash analgesic treatment W stunted, 

restrained, not fully grown ▶ Bu abortiv nihollarni 

qayerdan oldingiz? Where did you buy these runtish 

plants? 

abr / абр n. clouds ▶ Ko'k abriga boqib, dilim xun o'ldi ... 

Looking at the (black) clouds, my mood darkened. ALSO 

SEE : bulut 

• abru nayson / абру найсон spring rain clouds ▶ 

Dalaga chiqar ekan, abru naysonni ham ko'zga ol! As 

you're heading out to the fields, take a quick look at the 

weather! 

• abru nayson / абру найсон early spring showers, 

heavy rain clouds ▶ Biz abru navbahor deb o'ylagandik, 

ammo o'tib ketdi va yana yomg'irsiz qoldik. We had been 

anticipating the start of the spring rains, but they passed 

us by, leaving only drought. 

• abru nayson / абру найсон crying like the spring rain, 

shedding heavy tears ▶ Biz kim, abru nayson, Korbaloda 

har yonmiz, biz kim, gap tojiri, so’z taxtida sultonmiz. We 

are the merchants of talk and the sultans of gab, but we are 

also the two groups of Karbala, and we are in tears. 

abraziv / абразив n. abrasive SAME AS : abrazivlar 

abrazivlar / абразивлар n. abrasives, coarse materials 

abrishim / абришим Q n. silk ▶ Fabrikamiz besh yuz 

ming metr abrishim export qildi. Our factory exported five 

thousand (square) meters of silk. SAME AS : ipak W silk 

fabric ▶ Dadam Urumchidan abrishim olib keldilar. My 

father brought some silk from Urumchi. 

abror / аброр Q adj. religion honest, true, good ▶ 

Niyatingiz abror ekan, mana amalga oshdi. Your intentions 

were godly, and so they came to pass. W n. Abror (given 

male name) 

abro' / абрў n. poetic anatomy brow ▶ Magar abro’

abro'kamon 

qilich ersa, Nishon mening yuragimdur! If your brow were 

a sword, The target would be my heart. SEE : qosh 

abro'kamon / абрўкамон n. arc-shaped eyebrow ▶ 

Nilufar abro’kamon qiz bo’lgani uchun unga 

qaraganlarning nigohi qoshlariga qadalardi. Nilufar is a 

girl with arc-shaped eyebrows, so whenever anyone looks 

at her, they stare at her forehead. 

absenteizm / абсентеизм n. abstention, boycotting (esp. 

of an election, a political process) 

absolyut 1 / абсолют Q adj. absolute ▶ Mening bu fikrim 

absolyut emas, boshqa g’oyalarni ham eshitishga 

tayyorman. My opinion on this is not absolute, and I’m 

ready to listen to other ideas. W total, complete ▶ 

absolyut birlik total unanimity 

absolyut 2 / абсолют Q n. sum total, complete 

quantification of ▶ Aholining absolyut o’sishi kuzatilgan. 

The absolute growth of the population was monitored. W 

adj. complete, total, entire ▶ Bemorga absolyut tinchlik 

kerak. The patient needs complete quiet. E mathematics 

▶ absolyut kattalik absolute value ♦ absolyut chempion 

undisputed champion R physics ▶ absolyut nol 

absolute zero 

absolyutist / абсолютист n. absolutist ▶ Islom Karimov 

iqtidorni bitta qo’lida to’plagan absolyutist rahbardir. Islam 

Karimov is an absolutist leader who seized all forms of 

power. 

absolyutizm / абсолютизм n. absolutism ▶ 

Mustaqillikning ilk yillarida O’zbekistonda absolyutizm 

siyosiy boshqaruvning asosiy ko’rinishiga aylandi. 

Absolutism became a central part of political life in 

Uzbekistan in the first years after independence. 

absorbtsiya / абсорбция n. physics absorption (e.g., of 

heat) 

abstsess / абсцесс n. medicine abscess 

abstrakt / абстракт adj. abstract, conceptual ▶ abstrakt 

musiqa abstract music 

abstraktlashtirilmoq / абстрактлаштирилмоқ v. to be 

abstracted, to be made into something conceptual ▶ 

Talabalardan biri: "Bu masala buncha 

abstraklashtirilmoqdan yo’qqa chiqdi-ku!", dedi 

muxolifatda o’zini "markazchi"man deb yurgan odamga. 

One of the students, speaking to a member of the 

opposition who called himself centrist, said, "This issue is 

being made into something so abstract that it has lost all 

meaning." 

abstraktlashtirmoq / абстрактлаштирмоқ v. to make 

abstract, to (cause to) conceptualize ▶ Fikrlaringizni 

abstraktlashtirmasdan ochiq ayting! Speak plainly; don't 

make your thoughts so abstract! 

abstraktlik / абстрактлик n. abstractness, conceptual 

character ▶ tafakkurning abstraktligi abstract nature of 

the thought 

abstraktsionist / абстракционист n. abstractionist, 

conceptual artist 

abstraktsionizm / абстракционизм n. abstractionism 

(i.e., an art movement) 

abstraktsiya / абстракция Q n. abstraction, projection 

▶ Bu muhim masala, butunligicha muhokama etmoq 

kerak, bu hodisaning bir qismini chetga olib qo'yib, 

abstraktsiya yaratishga hojat yo'q! This is an important 

issue that needs to be discussed as a single topic; there is 

no need to make an abstraction of it by setting part of it off 

from the whole. W theory, conceptualization ▶ 

4 

Unutmang uka, abstraktsiya boshqa narsa, amaliyot 

boshqa. Just remember, brother, that theory is one thing 

and reality is another. 

abstsissa / абсцисса n. mathematics abscissa 

abu / абу n. religion father ▶ Bu borada Abu Hanifa 

(Imom A'zam) ham shu fikrda bo'lganlar. Abu Hanifa's 

opinion in this matter was likewise the same. 

abu bakr / абу бакр n. religion Abu Bakr (i.e., the fatherin-law 

of the prophet Muhammed and the first of the four 

righteous caliphs) ▶ Payg’ambarimiz (s.a.v.)ning 

qabrlarini oldiga borganligi sunnat amal salom berishlikdir 

va salavot aytishlikdir, Abu Bakr raziallohu anhu Umar ibn 

al-Hattobga salom berishlik Abdulloh ibn al-Umar 

rivoyatlari o’tishining bu amallari bilan bizga hujjat 

bo’ladi. Visiting the grave of our Prophet (s.a.s.) is an 

established sunnat deed. It is giving a greeting. It is 

saying a prayer. It is documented for us by the accounts of 

Abdullah ibn al-Umar that Abu Bakr (may God be pleased 

with him) greeted Umar ibn al-Khattab. 

abu hanifa / абу ҳанифа n. religion Abu Hanifa (i.e., a 

legal scholar and theologian, after whom the Hanafi school 

of jurisprudence is named) ▶ Bu haqda Abu Hanifa nima 

deganlarini bilasizmi, ul zot odamlarni mazhabiga qarab 

ajratgan kimsalarning o'rni jahannamning to'ridadir 

deganlar. Do you know what Abu Hanifa had to say about 

this? He said there is a special place in hell for those who 

split the people into sects! 

abver / абвер n. prison slang (prison) operations center, 

jail administration ▶ Uni abverga olib ketishdi. They 

took him to the operations center. SAME AS : operativ 

bo'lim 

abxazlar / абхазлар n. Abkhaz (i.e., people of Abkhazia) 

abyot / абёт n. paired verse, couplet ▶ Ul boz shul abyoni 

aytdi. He repeated the couplet another time. SAME AS : 

bayt 

abzal / абзал n. harness, rig (e.g., for a horse, a cart) ▶ 

Otni yo'lga tayyorla, deb Adham boy otning abzallarini 

oldimga tashladi. Having said, "Prepare the horse for 

travel," Adham, a rich man, threw the harnesses on the 

ground in front of me. 

abzallamoq / абзалламоқ v. to saddle, to fit with a 

harness ▶ Temurbek, hali otini abzallab ulgurmagan edi, 

qo’qqisdan turkmanlar hujum qilib qolishdi. Temurbek 

hadn’t even saddled up his horse when the Turkmen 

attacked out of nowhere. 

abzallanmoq / абзалланмоқ v. to be saddled, to be fitted 

with a harness ▶ Sipohlar hozirlaning, otlar abzallandi! 

Get ready, soldiers! The horses are all saddled up! 

PASSIVE OF : abzallamoq 

abzallatmoq / абзаллатмоқ v. to have saddle, to have fit 

with a harness ▶ Otlarni tezroq abzallatmoq kerak, hali 

zamon boy ota va mehmonlari chiqib qoladilar. We need 

(to have) the horses saddled quickly; the rich patron and 

his guests are ready to leave. 

abzats / абзац Q n. indent, indention ▶ O’qituvchi abzats 

qo’yib yozishni aytgan bo’lsa ham men rioya qilmadim. 

The teacher told us to put indentations when we write, but 

I didn't listen. W paragraph ▶ O’qituvchi meni kitobdan 

bir abzats ko’chirib olganim uchun aybladi. The teacher 

accused me of plagiarizing a paragraph from the book. 

ab'yot / абъёт n. ab'yot (i.e., a paired couplet of verse, 

rhymed song) ▶ besh ab'yotli she'r five couplets of verse

ada / ада Q n. child speech daddy, papa ▶ Ada, tashqari 

sovuq uyda o'tiraversangiz bo'lmaydimi? Daddy, it's really 

cold out; shouldn't you stay inside? W husband (i.e., as 

used by a wife indirectly referencing her children) ▶ - 

Hoy adasi, uydamisiz, adasi? - deya erini chaqirdi Nodira. 

Nodira called out to her husband saying, "Dear husband, 

are you home? Husband ..." E dialect grandfather, 

grandpa ▶ Adamla bilan rahmatli buvijonim boshyalang 

yurishimni xohlamasdilar. My grandpa and dear 

grandmother did not fancy my going around without a hat 

on. 

adab / адаб n. (good) conduct, manners ▶ Bizning 

maktabda nafaqat fanlar o’qitiladi, balki adab ham beriladi. 

You weren't just being taught facts in school; you were 

being taught good manners, too. SAME AS : odob 

• adabini bermoq / адабини бермоқ to scold, to lecture 

▶ Komiljon onasiga gap qaytargani uchun adasi adabini 

berdi. Komiljon's father scolded him for talking back to his 

mother. 

adab: / адаб: 

• husni adab / ҳусни адаб good morals, high ethics (i.e., 

as a subject for teaching, for lecture) religion ▶ U o'zini 

xuddi husni adab ilmini olgan kabi muloyim, aqlli, odobli 

qilib ko'rsatishga urinmoqda edi. He is trying to 

demonstrate himself as flexible, intelligent, well-mannered, 

and having received a moral education. 

ALSO SEE : husn 

adabiy / адабий Q adj. literary ▶ Otoiy merosini 

o'rganishga bag'ishlangan adabiy kechada so'zga 

chiqmoqchi edim, ammo navbat yetmadi. I went to give a 

speech at the literary event connected to Otoiy's legacy, 

but I never got a turn to talk. W literary, erudite ▶ 

adabiy ibora literary expression ♦ adabiy muhit literary 

world 

adabiy-badiy / адабий-бадий adj. artistic, creative ▶ 

Bu adabiy-badiiy asar bo'lib, sizning hayotingiz bilan 

bog'liq joyi yo'q. This is a fictional work, and has no 

connection with your life! 

adabiy-nazariy / адабий-назарий adj. stylistic, specific, 

characteristic ▶ Ozod Sharafiddinovning adabiy-nazariy 

maqolalariga razm solsangiz avval Sovet ideologiyasiga, 

keyin mustaqil diktaturaga astoydil xizmat qilgani yaqqol 

ko'rinib turbdi. It's more than clear - examining Ozod 

Sharafiddinov's literary style - that he worked diligently, 

first for a Soviet ideology, and later for an independent 

dictatorship. 

adabiyot / адабиёт n. literature (i.e., creative written 

works) ▶ Xola uzoq yillar adabiyot bilan shug'ullangani 

uchun bilmagan narsasi yo’q edi. Since the lady had 

worked with literature for so many years, there was 

nothing she didn't know. 

adabiyotshunos / адабиётшунос n. literary scholar, critic 

▶ U kitob xususida taqriz yozgan bir adabiyotshunos uni 

hojatxona kitobi deb atabdi. In a review of the book by a 

literary critic, the title was termed good for nothing but 

toilet paper. 

adabiyotshunoslik / адабиётшунослик n. literary 

scholarship, literary criticism ▶ Bugunga kelib 

adabiyotshunoslik jiddiy ravishda oqsab qoldi. These days, 

the art of literary criticism is just limping along like it is 

moments from death. 

adabiyotchi / адабиётчи Q n. literary scholar, critic ▶ 

Toshkentda adabiyotchilar anjumanida so'zga chiqqan 

5 

adash 

Norboy bu sohaning olimlarini so'zbo'yamachilikda 

aybladi. At a meeting of literary scholars in Tashkent, 

Norboy, who had come to speak, was accused of lying to 

experts in the field. W author, writer ▶ Men u bilan yosh 

adabiyotchilar klubida tanishdim. He and I were in a 

writers' club when we were kids. 

adabiyotchilik / адабиётчилик n. authorship, writing ▶ 

U adabiyotchilik bilan birga dehqonchilik ham qiladi. He's 

an author and a farmer. 

adabli / адабли adj. well-mannered, polite ▶ adabli qiz 

polite young woman 

adablilik / адаблилик n. politeness, well-mannered 

nature, civility ▶ Bolam, adablilik senga ham, bizga ham, 

hammamizga ham hurmat olib keladi. My child ... being 

polite is something that brings regard for you, for us ... for 

everyone! 

adabsiz / адабсиз adj. ill-mannered, impolite, impudent 

▶ Qarab tur, qarab tur, sen adabsiz, bu qilig'ing uchun 

dadangga aytib beraman seni. Just look at how impolite 

you are; I'm going to tell your father about what you did! 

adabsizlik / адабсизлик n. lack of manners, impropriety, 

impudence ▶ Adabsizlik bo'lsa ham, aytay, siz ahmoq 

odam ekansiz! It's not just a matter of bad manners; you 

see, you're just an immoral person! 

adad / адад m.w. unit, piece, item ▶ Stol ustida o'n adad 

qalam bor. There are ten (units of) pens on the table. 

adad: / адад: 

• vuqufi adad / вуқуфи адад count, track (i.e., of the 

dhikr, the number of prayers said) religion ▶ Siz uchun 

vuqufi adad muhim, men uchun esa boshqa narsa, dunyo 

shu, birimiz uni hisoblaymiz, birimiz buni! For you, 

counting prayers is important - but I count something else 

... and that's how the world is ... we're all counting 

something! 

adadsiz / ададсиз adj. innumerable, countless ▶ Ko'mko'k 

adadsiz yaylovda qo'zichoqlar qo'ylarning orqasidan 

ma'rashib yuribdi. The lambs are baaing away behind their 

mothers in the endless, blue-green fields. 

adak-chechak: / адак-чечак: 

• adak-chechak qilmoq / адак-чечак қилмоқ to take 

one's first steps, to learn to walk ▶ Jamshidning o'g'li 

Turonbek endi adak-chechak qilmoqda. Jamshid's son 

Turonbek is just starting to walk. 

SAME AS : atak-chechak qilmoq 

adam / адам n. obsolete (complete) absence, (total) lack 

▶ Ruhlar adam deb kim aytdi? Who said ghosts don't 

exist? 

adan / адан n. religion Eden, Paradise ▶ Har kimga ham 

adan nasib etsin! May every person be marked for 

Paradise! 

adaptatsiya / адаптация Q n. biology adaptation, 

acclimation ▶ Qorong'i uydan birdan tashqariga 

chiqadigan bo'lsang ko'zingni yorug'likka adaptatsiya 

qilishni oy'lab ko'rganmisan? Haven't you ever thought 

about how your eyes adapt to the light when you run 

outside from a dark room? W adjustment, retooling ▶ 

Men sizlarga adaptatsiya qilingan matnlarni berdim, 

Internetdan qidirib ovora bo'lmanglar. I gave you specially 

prepared texts, so don't bother looking for them on the 

Internet. 

adash 1 / адаш n. name mate (i.e., a person with the same 

name as the speaker) ▶ Mening opam bilan sizning 

qaynopangiz adash ekanlar. Apparently, my mother and

adash 

your sister-in-law are name mates. ♦ Rasulov adashimni 

o'rmalatib urganini direktorga aytsak ham chora ko'rmadi, 

oqibati u maktabga kelmay qo'ydi. We told the director that 

Rasulov had beaten my name mate to the ground, but it 

didn't help; the consequence was that he couldn't even 

come to school! 

adash 2 / адаш Q n. mistake, error ▶ Uzr, bu yerga adash 

kelib qolibman. I'm sorry, it was a mistake for me to come. 

W adv. mistakenly, in error ▶ Kecha ma'rakada tugunim 

adash bo'lib qolibdi. At the funeral yesterday, someone 

accidentally misplaced my bag. 

adashish / адашиш n. error, mistake ▶ Xullas, uning bu 

safargi xatosi ataylab emas, balki shunchaki adashish edi. 

So, his mistake this time was not deliberate, but it was still 

an error. 

adashmoq / адашмоқ Q v. to get lost, to lose one's way 

▶ U xaritaga qarab kelayotgan bo’lsa ham baribir adashdi. 

He would be just as lost using the map. W to go astray, to 

get on the wrong path ▶ U siyosatchi bo’lib qolgan, hech 

qachon o’z hisobiga adashmaydi. He's become a politician 

and his dishonesty will never come to affect him. E to 

lose, to get separated from, to become lost ▶ U podadan 

adashgan buzoqqa o’xshab boshini hali hukumatning 

eshigiga hali muxolifatning eshigiga suqardi. He's like a 

calf that has been separated from its mother; one day he's 

with the government, and, on others, he's with the 

opposition. R to become jumbled, to get mixed up ▶ 

Kalishim adashibdi. My shoes don't match! 

adashtirilmoq / адаштирилмоқ v. to be made to err, to 

be led astray ▶ Dushman ataylabdan adashtirildi. The 

enemy was purposely led astray. 

adashtirmoq / адаштирмоқ v. to confuse, to daze, to 

cause to stray ▶ Uning maqsadi meni yo'ldan 

adashtirmoq ekanligini bilmagan ekanman. I didn't know 

that his plan was to confuse me! 

addoiy / аддоий adj. literary praying for, wishing good 

for, hoping (typ. used to close a letter) ▶ Addoiy onang 

Saodat. Your devoted mother, Saodat. 

ad-dorr / ад-дорр n. religion the Distresser (i.e., as an 

epithet of God) ▶ Sen xalqdan, qonunlardan qo'rqmasang, 

Ad-dorrdan qo'rq! Don't be afraid of man or of laws ... be 

afraid of the Distresser! 

adekvat / адекват Q adj. adequate, sufficient ▶ adekvat 

tushuncha adequate explanation W equivalent, 

interchangeable ▶ adekvat tarjima equivalent translation 

adenoma / аденома n. medicine adenoma, glandular 

growth 

adib / адиб n. writer, author ▶ Bugun biz buyuk adib 

ijodi bilan tanishamiz. Today, we are going to get 

acquainted with the works of a great writer. 

adiba / адиба n. writer, author ▶ Taniqli jurnalist va 

adiba, sobiq xalq deputati Oygul Mamatova bugungi 

eshittirishimiz mehmoni. The guest we are going to hear 

from today is a noted journalist and author and former 

people's deputy, Oygul Mamatova. ALSO SEE : adib 

adi-badi: / ади-бади: 

• adi-badi aytishmoq / ади-бади айтишмоқ to argue, 

to wrangle, to spar ▶ Bu yoqda dalani suv bosib ketsa 

ham, bular adi-badi aytishib o'tirishibdi-ya! The water was 

flooding onto the fields right there, and they were sitting 

there arguing! 

adiblik / адиблик n. writing, literary composition ▶ 

Omon Matjon adibligi uchun emas Karimovga 

6 

maslahatchiligi uchun maosh oladi. Omon Matjon isn't 

paid for his writing; he's paid for being an advisor to 

Karimov. 

adigey / адигей n. Adigey (nationality) SAME AS : 

adigеylar 

adigeylar / адигейлар n. the Adigey 

adil / адил Q adj. colloquial straight, upright ▶ Ota 

saksonga kirganiga qaramay, qaddini adil tutib katta-katta 

qadam tashlab idora tomon borardi. Father doesn't seem 

affected by hitting ninety; his body stands upright and he 

walks with large, healthy steps. W fair, honest, straight 

▶ U bu masalani adil hal etdi. He resolved the matter 

fairly. SAME AS : adl, adolat 

adillik / адиллик Q n. (good) posture, upright position 

▶ Terakning adilligi quruvchilarning ishini osonlashtirdi. 

The straightness of the poplars made the builders' work 

easier. W justice, fairness ▶ adillik bilan hal etilgan ish 

equitably resolved problem 

adip / адип n. trim, edging ▶ Mehmonxona derazasidagi 

qizil parda atrofiga oltin rangli adip tutdim. I put golden 

fringe on the outside edge of the red curtain on the window 

in the guest room. 

adiplamoq / адипламоқ v. to fit with edging, to sew 

trimming onto ▶ Mana bu to'nlarni ham adiplab, bozorga 

olib borib sotsangiz bo'ladi. Those robes have been fitted 

with edging now; you're going to take them to market and 

sell them. 

adir / адир n. hills, slopes ▶ Qizlar teng bo'lib chopishdi 

o'rmonu adir tomon. The girls ran towards the forested 

slopes in a side-by-side line. ♦ Dalada engashib olib paxta 

terayotgan juvon qomatini rostladi va qor bosib yotgan 

uzoq adirning etagida qorayib turgan binoni ko'rsatdi. The 

girl bent over planting cotton in the field straightened up, 

and pointed out the aged building standing at the high point 

of the hill, long covered over with ice. 

adirli / адирли adj. hilly, featured (e.g., of the ground, a 

landscape) ▶ U joylar tekis emas, adrli edi. Those areas 

aren't flat - they're hilly. 

adirlik / адирлик n. hills, slopes ▶ Vodiyning tog'oldi va 

adirlik etaklarida yashagan chorvador xalqlar o'troqlashib 

borib dehqonchilikda lalmikorlik bilan mashg'ul bo'la 

boshladilar. When the ranching people from the valley who 

lived on the hills and in the piedmont put down roots, they 

started busying themselves with dry land farming. SAME 

AS : adir 

adl / адл n. justice, fairness ▶ Oqsoqol adl istab 

kelibdilar. The elder came demanding justice. 

adl-adolat / адл-адолат n. comp. fairness, justice, 

equality ▶ Bu dunyoda adl-adolat topa olmadim, u 

dunyoda toparmidim? I have yet to find any justice in this 

world ... will I in the next? 

adliya / адлия n. judiciary, justice system ▶ Adliya 

vazirligi ministry of justice ALSO SEE : yustitsiya 

administrator / администратор n. administrator, 

manager ▶ tashkilotimiz administratori manager of our 

organization 

administratsiya / администрация n. administration, 

management ▶ mehmonxona administratsiyasi hotel 

management 

admiral / адмирал n. military admiral ▶ Admiral 

Yumashev Ivan Stepanovich Sankt-Peterburg shahrida 

dafn etilgan. Admiral Ivan Stepanovich Yumshayev was 

buried in Saint Petersburg. ♦ 1943 yilda Yumashevga

harbiy-dengiz flotidagi eng yuksak "admiral" unvoni 

berildi. Yumshayev was given the navy's most lofty rank, 

admiral, in 1943. 

adn: / адн: 

• jannatul adn / жаннатул адн (the) Garden of Eden, 

Paradise religion ▶ Endi jannatul adn shamoli 

yuzlaringni silasin, jonim, dedi u jonsiz yotgan sevgilisiga 

so'ngi bor nigoh tashlar ekan. Looking at his love for the 

last time, lying there lifeless, he said, "May the winds of 

Eden brush your face, my love." [Eden (i.e., a plateau in 

what is now the Republic of Yemen)] ▶ Rivoyat 

qilinishicha, Odning ikki o'g’lidan biri Shaddod u dunyoda 

Alloh mislsiz boq-jannat bino qilgan deb eshitgach, U bilan 

tenglashish niyatida Adn sahrosida bir g’aroyib bog’ barpo 

ettirgan. According to accounts, Shaddod, one of the sons 

of Od, having heard that Allah built an incomparably 

beautiful garden in the other world, created a wondrous 

garden himself on the Eden Plateau (in Yemen) with the 

intention of equaling it. 

adno / адно adj. low, limited ▶ Muallimlar 

o'quvchilarning ismlariga "a'lo", "avsat" va "adno" 

so'zlarini qo'shib chaqirishadigan bo'lishdi. Meni yaxshi 

o'qiganim uchun "Zokir a'lo" deb chaqirishayapti. The 

teachers were tagging the names of the students with the 

words "high," "middle," and "low"; because of my good 

work, I got the highest rating. 

ado / адо Q n. end, finish ▶ Ishim ado bo’ldi. My work is 

done. W n. completion, fulfillment ▶ Armiyada xizmat 

qilib burchingizni ado qilish Vatan oldidagi burchingizni 

ado qilish demakdir. Completing your duties in the army is 

seen as fulfilling your obligation to the country. ♦ Siz 

vazifani ado etganingiz haqida hisobot yozing. Please, 

write a report about completing your task. 

• satang adosi / сатанг адоси charmed, bewitched, 

taken over by ▶ G'ulomjonni maftun va afsun qilgan 

dilbar hayo va ibosi bilan emas, satang adosi bilan g'amza 

qildi. The girl didn't bewitch and capture Gulomjon with 

her shyness and timidity, she charmed him with her bold 

ways. ♦ Qizimnikidan qaytib kelsam, uyda na shakar, na 

un va na yog' bor, hammasi ado bo’libdi, qo'shnijon! Bu 

kelin tushmagur-ey! I just got back from my daughter's 

place, and, oh, let me tell you, dear neighbor, everything at 

my home has been used up; there's no sugar, flour, or oil in 

the house. That's one heck of a daughter-in-law, I've got 

there, huh? ♦ Ishni ado qilgan bo’lsangiz, ketavering! If 

you've finished your work, then go! 

E figurative to be done in by something ▶ Bu g’am 

meni ado qildi. That sorrow just did me in. ♦ Adosiga 

yetmasam, qo’ymayman. I won't stop until the work is 

done. R to wear out, to use up ▶ Bu ko’ylakni kiyib ado 

qildim. I wore out this shirt. 

ado: / адо: 

• ado ahliyati / адо аҳлияти authorization, permission, 

mandate (i.e., to pass on the Hadith) religion ▶ Siz avval 

ayting-chi, sizda ado ahliyati bormi o'zi? Before you say 

anything ... do you have permission to pass on the Hadith? 

adolat / адолат Q n. justice, fairness ▶ O'zbekistonda 

demokratiya va adolat bo'lmasa, erkin mahkama ham 

bo'lmaydi. There is no democracy or justice in Uzbekistan, 

and freedom isn't doing so hot either. W Adolat (given 

female name) 

adolatli / адолатли adj. just, fair ▶ Rabbim adolatli 

bo'lishga buyurgan, - deb javob qildi domla. The teacher 

7 

adras 

answered, "My God has ordered me to be fair." 

♦ O'zbekistonda prezidentlik saylovlari erkin va adolatli 

bo’lmaganini butun dunyo e’tirof etdi. The entire world has 

found that the Uzbek presidential elections were neither 

free nor fair. 

adolatparvar / адолатпарвар adj. fair-playing, on the 

side of justice ▶ U juda ko'p erksevar va adolatparvar 

kishilarni buning uchun qamoqqa soldi. He has put many 

freedom and justice-loving people in prison for doing such 

things. ♦ Buning ustiga iymon-e'tiqod va 

adolatparvarlikdagi qat'iylik boshqa odamlarning iymonga 

kelishlarida ibrat va sabab vazifasini o'taydi. What's more, 

such resoluteness of faith and righteousness, will serve as 

a model and cause for other people coming to the religion. 

adolatsiz / адолатсиз adj. unfair, unjust ▶ Adolatsiz 

Karimovning adolatsiz jamiyati bugun o'zbek xalqini adoyi 

tamom qildi. The unfair regime of the unjust Karimov has 

almost completely destroyed today's Uzbeks. ♦ G’arb 

mamlakatlaridan kelgan kuzatuvchilar mazkur saylovlarni 

adolatsiz deb aytdilar. Observers that had come from 

western countries said that the given election was unfair. 

♦ Sentyabr oyida o’tkazilgan ilk ochiq sud xalqaro 

hamjamiyat tomonidan adolatsiz deb topildi. The first day 

of questioning in the September trial was found to be 

unfair by the international community. 

adolatsizlik / адолатсизлик n. injustice, lack of fairness 

▶ Jinoyat, qabihlik, adolatsizlik tomonida emas, balki 

adolat, haqiqat, rostgo'ylik tomonida bo'ling! Don't take the 

side of crime, debauchery, and injustice; stand with 

fairness, truth, and righteousness! 

adolatxon / адолатхон Q n. justice, fairness ▶ Siz 

menga o'zingizni adolatxon qilib ko'rsatmang, bundaylarni 

ko'p ko'rganmiz! Don't try to make me see you as a 

defender of justice ... we've got too many of those! W 

Adolatkhon (given female name) 

adoq / адоқ adj. colloquial finished, complete, ready ▶ 

Uf, bu ishning adog'i bormi yo yo'qmi? Jeez ... is this job 

ever going to be done?! 

adovat / адоват n. enmity, hostility, dislike ▶ Ezgulik va 

taqvo yo'lida hamkorlik qilingiz, gunoh va adovat yo'lida 

hamkorlik qilmangiz, - dedi mulla. The mullah said, "You 

should follow a path of goodness, piety, and cooperation, 

not one of sin and hate." ♦ Bu millatlar o’rtasida atay nizo 

chiqarib adovat urug'ini sepishi mumkin. It's possible this 

is what is causing the dissent among the nations and 

sowing the seeds of enmity. 

adovatli / адоватли adj. hostile, fostering enmity for, 

hateful ▶ U hali ham o'z adovatli qarashlarini targ'ib qilib 

yuribdi. He is still pushing his own hostile viewpoints. 

adoyi: / адойи: 

• adoyi tamom bo'lmoq / адойи тамом бўлмоқ to be 

completely full, to be filled all the way ▶ Bir payt xonaga 

deyarli adoyi tamom bo'lgan, kam uxlaganidan qovoqlari 

osilib qolgan bir ozg'in kishi kirib keldi. So this one time, 

an all but completely exhausted, gaunt man, frowning from 

a lack of sleep, comes into the room. 

SAME AS : ado 

adras / адрас n. adras (i.e., a fabric made from cotton and 

silk) ▶ Namangan va Marg‘ilon shaharlarida atlas, adras 

to‘qish keng rivojlangan. In the cities of Namangan and 

Marghilon, the industries for atlas and adras are quite 

developed. ♦ - Bir ko'ylaklik adras sizdan aylansin, 

ovsunjon! - dedi Mahbubaxon kulib. Smiling,

adrasbof 

Mahbubakhon said, "It's one shirt's worth of fabric, sister, 

and that's nothing to you!" 

adrasbof / адрасбоф n. adras maker ▶ Bir adrasbof 

do'stim bor, adrasni o'shandan sotib olamiz. I have a friend 

who makes adras, so we can get the cloth from him. 

adres / адрес Q n. address (e.g., street, physical) ▶ Bu 

noto'g'ri adres! Yangi konvert olib to'g'ri adresni yozing. 

That's not the right address! Get a new envelope and write 

the right one. ♦ Men mana bu adresda turaman, ertaga 

albatta mehmonga kelinglar, dedi Anora kursdoshlarini 

uyiga taklif qilarkan. Inviting them to her home, Anora told 

her classmates, "I live at this address; come over and visit 

tomorrow." W figurative residence, home ▶ Olim 

Qodirovich, sizning adresingizga turli tashkilotlardan juda 

ko'p tabriklar keldi. Olim Qodirovich, a great many 

congratulatory letters, from various organizations have 

made their way to your door! 

adresant / адресант n. sender (i.e., of a letter) ▶ Bu 

telegrammaning adresant qismida nom yo'q-ku? Do you 

not even have part of the sender's name? 

adresat / адресат n. addressee, recipient (i.e., of a letter) 

▶ Bu maktub shaxsiy bo'lib, adresat topilmagan taqdirda 

adresantga qaytarilishi shart. This is a personal letter; 

should you fail to find the recipient, it must be returned to 

its sender. 

adreslanmoq / адресланмоқ v. to be addressed to, to be 

marked for delivery to ▶ Baxtiyor Hamroyevga 

adreslangan bu xat MXX ayg'oqchilarining qo'liga tushib 

qoldi. That letter addressed to Baxtoyor Hamroyev has 

fallen into the hands of the national security service. 

adsorbtsiya / адсорбция n. chemistry adsorption 

advokat / адвокат n. lawyer, attorney ▶ Turli savollar 

chiqaraverishgach, advokat olib bu masala hal qilindi. 

Because various problems had come up, a lawyer was 

brought in to resolve them. 

advokatlik / адвокатлик Q n. legal representation, 

defense ▶ Sudda Yelena Urlayevaga Vitaliy Krasilovskiy 

advokatlik qilmoqda. Vitali Krasilovsky is handling 

Yelena Urlayev's case in court. W adj. legal ▶ Bu yerda 

xusisiy advokatlik firmasi ham ishlab turibdi. There are 

specialized law firms here, too. E support, advocacy, 

defense ▶ Nega sen unga buncha advokatlik qilyapsan? 

Avval masalaning mohiyatini o'rgan! Why are you taking 

his side? You need to hear the details first! 

advokatura / адвокатура n. legal representation, defense 

▶ Fuqarolarga yuridik yordam berish uchun advokatura 

faoliyat ko'rsatadi. Legal representation is provided to 

give citizens law-related assistance. 

adenoidlar / аденоидлар n. medicine adenoids, glandular 

formations 

adyol / адёл n. blanket, quilt ▶ Divan ustida adyol 

yopingan bir kishi uxlab yotibdi. There was a person 

wrapped in a blanket sleeping on the couch. 

ad'yutant / адъютант n. military adjutant, assistant ▶ 

General tugmani bosishi bilan, xonaga uning ad'yutanti 

kirib keldi. With the push of a button, the general's 

adjutant came into the room. 

aerodinamik / аэродинамик n. aeronautical engineer 

aerodinamika / аэродинамика n. aerodynamics (i.e., as a 

branch of science) 

aerodrom / аэродром n. airfield, airport 

aeroflot / аэрофлот Q n. flight, aviation ▶ U uzoq yillar 

davomida aeroflot xizmatida ishlagan edi. He worked in 

8 

aviation for many years. W Aeroflot (i.e., the Russian 

national airline) 

aerofotos'yomka / аэрофотосъёмка n. aerial photograph 

aeroklub / аэроклуб n. flying club, pilots' group 

aeromexanika / аэромеханика n. aeronautical 

engineering (i.e., as a branch of science) 

aeronavigatsiya / аэронавигация n. aerial navigation 

aeroplan / аэроплан n. airplane 

aeroport / аэропорт n. airport 

aerostat / аэростат n. balloon, dirigible 

aerostatika / аэростатика n. aerostatics (i.e., as a branch 

of science) 

aeros'yomka / аэросъёмка n. aerial photograph 

aerovokzal / аэровокзал n. airport terminal 

aerochana / аэрочана n. aerochana (i.e., a propellerdriven 

sled, as travels on snow, ice) ▶ Men aerochanani 

faqat kinoda ko'rganman, xolos. Sizchi? I have only seen 

an aerochana in the movies; how about you? 

afandi / афанди Q n. sir, mister (i.e., a general term of 

respect added to a given name or surname) ▶ Qani 

afandilar, marhmat to'rga o'tinglar! Please, gentlemen, 

take the place of honor! W mister (i.e., as a general term 

of address) ▶ Nosir afandining bu gapdan xabarlari yo'q 

ekan. Mister Nosir has no news about what happened. E 

teacher, tutor ▶ Afandim, bir hikoya yozgan edim, shuni 

tekshirib berishga vaqtingiz bo'ladimi? Teacher, I have 

written a story; do you have time to look at it for me? R 

insane person, nut-job ▶ Nahotki yana adashib qoldingiz, 

afandi ekansizku, axir bu uyga necha marta kelgansiz, 

buning ustiga uyimiz katta binoning shunday qavatidaku? 

Did you really get lost again?! Are you nuts or something? 

How many times have you been here, and, what's more, 

our house is right next to a big building! T joke, amusing 

anecdote ▶ Nima qilay, siz kelguncha bolalarga afandi 

aytib berib o'tiribman-da?! So what; I'm supposed to sit 

around telling the kids jokes until you get here?! Y 

folklore Afandi (i.e., Nasredin Afandi, a Turkic folk hero 

whose legend is similar to that of Aesop) ▶ Men tolibon 

emas, men Nasriddin Afandi bo’laman, dedi u soqolini 

burab. Twisting his beard, he quipped, "I'm not a Taliban; 

I'm Nasredin Afandi!" U Afandi (given male name) 

afer / афёр n. prison slang shyster, thief, swindler ▶ 

Aferni ishga solib bo'larmidi, u sizni o'yanatdi! Don't go 

hiring that swindler; he'll just play games with you. SAME 

AS : aferist 

aferist / аферист n. shyster, thief, swindler ▶ Ehtiyot 

bo'ling, u aferist, sizni dog'da qoldirishi mumkin. Be 

careful. He's a cheat and will leave his mark on you. 

affiks / аффикс n. grammar affix ▶ O'zaklarga qo'shilib 

yangi so'z yoki so'z formalari yasash, turlash uchun xizmat 

qiladigan element - affixdir. An element that, when added 

to word roots, produces either a new word or form of a 

word or is used for forming a declinsion, is an affix. 

affrikat / аффрикат n. linguistics affricate ▶ Ikki yoki 

undan ortiq elementdan iborat qorishiq tovushga affrikat 

deyiladi. A sound made up of two or more blended 

components is called an affricate. 

afif / афиф adj. pure, chaste ▶ Men uni afif qiz deb 

yurgandim, ammo Dubayga borib buzuqlik qilib yurgani 

haqida eshitib qolib, hayron bo'ldim. I had thought her an 

honorable girl, so I was shocked when I heard about her 

going to Dubai to prostitute herself!

afifa / афифа Q adj. pure, chaste (i.e., of a woman) ▶ 

Rahmatli xolam afifa edilar. My late aunt was an 

honorable woman. W Afifa (given female name) 

afisha / афиша n. placard, announcement ▶ teatr afishasi 

theater playbill 

afkor: / афкор: 

• afkor omma / афкор омма public opinion, generally 

held view (i.e., on something specific) literary ▶ 

Mustaqillikdan keyin jahon afkor ommasining 

O‘zbekistonni qaytadan anglashi, kashf etishi yuz berdi. 

Since independence, world opinion rediscovered 

Uzbekistan, and it has been a revelation. 

aflotun / афлотун Q n. Plato ▶ Bu savolingizga Aflotun 

ham javob berolmas edi. This is a question even Plato 

couldn't answer! W figurative genius, philosophical 

wonder ▶ Ammo buni bilish uchun aflotun bo'lish kerak 

emas. You would have to be Plato to know that! 

• aflotun miya / афлотун мия wunderkind, prodigy, 

child genius figurative ▶ Bu bolangiz aflotun miya ekan, 

unga e'tibor bersangiz katta odam bo'ladi. That kid is a 

wonder; keep an eye on him, he's going to be famous! 

aforistik / афористик adj. aphoristic, generally accepted 

as true ▶ aforistik iboralar aphoristic expressions 

aforizm / афоризм n. aphorism, adage, maxim ▶ 

Mashrab aforizmlarini to'plab alohida kitob holida nashr 

qilmoqchimiz. We would like to gather up all the 

aphorisms of Mashrab and publish them as a book. 

afrikalik / африкалик n. African (i.e., a person) ▶ 

Mening ham afrikalik do'stlarim bor. I have African 

friends as well. 

afrosiyob / афросиёб Q n. geography Afrosiyob (i.e., a 

historic town and complex in the Republic of Uzbekistan) 

▶ O'rta asrdagi katta shaharlar -Afrosiyob, Buxoro, 

Termiz, Xiva kabilarning saq'lanib q'olgan arxitektura 

yodgorliklari - me'morchilikning chinakam durdonalaridir. 

The large cities of the Middle Ages - Afrosiyob, Bukhara, 

Termiz, Khiva are monuments to what is left of tribal 

architecture and true pearls of craftsmanship. W 

Afrosiyob (given male name) 

afsona / афсона Q n. legend, folk tale ▶ Dada, Parvin 

afsonasini yana bir marta aytib beraqoling! Papa, tell me 

the tale of the Pleiades one more time please! W n. fairy 

tale, obvious fiction ▶ Siz xati bor odamku, shuning 

afsonasiga ishonib o'tiribsizmi? You're an educated man, 

aren't you? And you believe in such fairy tales?! 

• afsona to'qimoq / афсона тўқимоқ to make up lies, to 

tell tales ▶ Uning afsona to'qimoqdan boshqa ishi 

yo'qmi, yozganlariga qarang, hammasi yolg'onku?! Does 

he do anything besides telling tall tales?! Look at what 

he's written; it is all lies! 

E adj. legendary, fantastic ▶ Lolaning qilmishlari butun 

elga afsona bo'ldi. Lola's deeds became legendary 

throughout country. R hot story, newest gossip ▶ Ul yor 

ishqinda afsona bo'ldim, naylayin! Am I ever the hot topic 

for falling in love with that girl; what am I going to do? T 

heroic act, wonderful thing ▶ Bu yoshlar afsonalar 

yaratmoqdalar va yurtni gulistonga aylantirmoqdalar. The 

young people are doing amazing things and are turning 

their home into a land of miracles. 

afsonaviy / афсонавий Q adj. legendary, heroic ▶ 

afsonaviy jang legendary battle W unbelievable, fantastic 

▶ afsonaviy voqea unbelievable event E fictitious, 

made-up, concocted ▶ afsonaviy hikoya fictitious tale R 

9 

afsus 

mythical, existing only in tale ▶ afsonaviy shahar 

mythical city ♦ Hali ham ip yigiruvchi xotinlarning 

muqaddas sanalgan afsonaviy homiysi, piri uchun "Bibi 

seshanba" marosimi o'tkaziladi. There are still threadspinning 

wives who hold ceremonies for Bibi Seeshanba, a 

legendary protector they deem to have been a holy man. 

afsonavor / афсонавор adj. unbelievable, fantastic, 

unfathomable ▶ Shahrimizni zamonaviy va ayni paytda 

ulug'vor, afsonavor binolar o'rab oldi. Our city is 

surrounded by unbelievable buildings, modern and stately 

at the same time. ALSO SEE : afsonaviy 

afsonachi / афсоначи n. storyteller, bard ▶ Rahmatli 

buvam ajoyib afsonachi edilar, u kishidan eshitgan 

ertaklarni hali ham eslab yuraman. My late grandfather was 

one heck of a storyteller - I still remember all the tales he 

gathered from people. 

afsun / афсун n. sorcery, witchcraft ▶ G'ulomjonni 

maftun va afsun qilgan dilbar hayo va ibosi bilan emas, 

satang adosi bilan g'amza qildi. The girl didn't bewitch and 

capture Gulomjon with her shyness and timidity; she 

charmed him with her bold ways. SAME AS : jodu 

afsungar / афсунгар adj. entrancing, hypnotic ▶ Ehtiyot 

bo'ling, uning ko'zlari afsungar, asir bo'lib qolmang. Be 

careful, her eyes are bewitching; don't fall prisoner to 

them! ALSO SEE : jodugar 

afsunkor / афсункор Q n. sorcerer, wizard, witch SAME 

AS : afsungar W adj. hypnotic, bewitching, transfixing 

▶ Nasibaning afsunkor ovoziga mahliyo bo'lib qancha 

yo'l bosilgan va qancha vaqt o'tganini ham bilmay 

qolibman. Transfixed by Nasiba's hypnotic voice, I had no 

idea how far I had gone or how much time had passed. 

afsunlamoq / афсунламоқ v. to cast a spell on, to 

bewitch, to entrance ▶ Farog'at o'zining dilbar so'zlari 

bilan Aliboyni afsunlamoqda va uni miting qilish 

niyatidan qaytarmoqda edi. Faroghat used her entrancing 

voice to bewitch Aliboy and turn him back from his 

intention to attend the demonstration. 

afsunchi / афсунчи n. wizard, witch ▶ Ba'zi ayollar 

tug'ma afsunchi bo'lishadi, bir imo bilan sizni rom 

etishadi. Some girls are natural spell casters and can 

bewitch your mind with a single glance. SAME AS : 

afsunkor 

afsus / афсус Q n. regret, guilt ▶ U qilgan ishiga afsus 

deb qolgan bo'lgani bilan buni menga nima foydasi bor? 

How does it help me that he said he's sorry for what he 

did?! W n. grief, sorrow ▶ Uning yurak bag'ri afsusga 

to'lgan edi. Her heart and bosom are just filled with grief. 

E int. alas, alas-alack ▶ Afsus, bugun yodimdan 

chiqibdi, olib kelmabman, aybga buyurmaysiz. Alas, I 

forgot to bring it today; please forgive me. R adv. 

unfortunately, regrettably ▶ La ilaha illoloh kalimasi 

ming afsuslardan bo'lsinki bizi hozirgi musulmonlar 

tushunmaydi. Hatto shu Rasululloh sallallohu alayhi 

vasallam davridagi mushriklar tushungan tushunchani 

hozirgi musulmonlar tushunmaydi. It is most unfortunate 

that today our Muslims don't understand the phrase "la 

ilaha illoloh." Today's Muslims don't understand a concept 

that even the polytheists understood during the time of the 

Messenger of God, may the blessings and peace of God be 

upon him. 

• afsuslar bo’lsinki / афсуслар бўлсинки regrettably, 

unfortunately ▶ Ming afsuslar bo’lsinki hadis ustozlari 

shu diyorda vujudga kelgan bo’lishligiga qaramasdan 

hadisga amal qilishlik kegingi davrda eng orqada qolgan

afsus 

diyorlar ham shu yer bo’lib qoldi. Unfortunately, the fact 

that the hadith experts were born in this country 

notwithstanding, in recent times our nation has been among 

the most backward in the observation of the hadith. 

T int. too bad, so sorry ▶ Afsus, juda ham yaxshi odam 

edilar, joylari jannatda bo'lsin! That's a shame; he was a 

good man; may he rest in peace! 

afsus: / афсус: 

• afsus-nadomat qilmoq / афсус-надомат қилмоқ to 

feel guilty about, to be sorry for ▶ Qilar ishni qilib qo'yib, 

uning endi afsus-nadomat qilishidan nima foyda? What 

good is there in doing these things and then feeling guilty 

about them after the fact?! 

afsuski / афсуски adv. regrettably, unfortunately ▶ 

Afsuski, bu ham nayrang ekan, bilmadim u bizni 

qachongacha mana shunday laqillatdi. Unfortunately, it 

was just another trick - I have no idea how long he was 

lying to us! 

afsuslanmoq / афсусланмоқ v. to regret, to feel bad 

about, to be sorry for ▶ U gapning qizig'ida aytib qo'ygan 

gapidan endi afsuslanmoqda edi, lekin ish ishdan g'isht 

qolipidan ko'chgan edi. What he said, he said in anger, 

feeling sorry only afterwards, and that was closing the barn 

door only after the horses were gone! ♦ U afsuslandi-yu, 

ruhida shu daqiqagacha bo'lgan quvnoqlik o'rnini ma'yuslik 

oldi. The poor guy! Misery has taken the place of what 

until this moment has been a happy soul. 

afsuschi / афсусчи adv. regrettably, unfortunately ▶ U 

shunaqa, afsuschi, avvaldan o'ylamay shohsa-pisha ish 

qiladi, keyin nima qilishini bilmay yuradi. So, regrettably, 

he does things rashly, not considering them beforehand, 

and then, afterwards, runs around not knowing how to set 

things right. 

aft / афт Q n. anatomy face ▶ Uning aftini ko'rdingizmi, 

birov mushtlaganmi, yiqilib tushganmi, har holda nimadir 

bo'lganki qontalash bo'libdi. Did you see his face? Did 

someone hit him? Did he fall? Something had to have 

happened for it to become bruised like that! W 

appearance, look ▶ Birovning aftiga qarab baho 

bermang, uning dilida nima yotganini o'rganish kerak, 

avval. Do not place emphasis on someone's appearance; 

you really need to get to know what lies in his heart. 

• afting qursin / афтинг қурсин beat it, get lost ▶ He, 

afting qursin seni, men seni xotining emasman, nega 

menga bunaqa gaplarni aytasan, tarbiyasiz! Hey, get lost! 

I'm not your wife; why are you talking to me like that, you 

ingrate? 

aft-angor / афт-ангор n. comp. appearance, look ▶ 

Qarang uning aft-angori durust emas, nomzod degan 

odamda ozgina mehr ham bo'lishi kerak-da! Do you see 

that he just doesn't look attractive? A candidate should at 

least be a little handsome! 

aft-bashara / афт-башара Q n. face, front ▶ Nima 

deyapsan, hozir aft-basharangga bir musht tushiraman, 

burning qiyshayib qoladi, o'ziku shunday ham beso'naqay 

ekansan, keyin umuman alvasti bo'lib qolasan. You'd better 

watch your mouth. I'm gonna hit you in the face and bust 

that nose of yours. You think you're ugly now? Well 

you're about to be a monster! W figurative hidden 

personality, true manner ▶ Tolib Yoqubov o'z maqolasida 

Abdurahimning aft-basharasini ochib tashlaganini aytib, 

uni menga ham o'qishni tavsiya qildi. Tolib Yoqubov said 

that he revealed the true nature of Abdurahim in his article 

and he advised me to read it. 

10 

aft-bosh / афт-бош n. comp. manner, bearing ▶ 

Bilmasam, aft-boshi tuzukkina yigit deb ishonsam, ko'ngli 

qop-qora ekanda! I don't know. I had always thought him 

to be a young man with a pleasant way about him, but that 

heart of his is black as night! SAME AS : aft-bashara 

aftidan / афтидан adv. apparently, evidently ▶ Aftidan, 

endi ular o'zaro munosabatlarda boshqa birovlarga o'xshab 

qolmaslik uchun intilayotgan edilar. Apparently, they were 

trying to be a bit different with their relationships than 

others ... ♦ Aftidan, bularni mashq qildirishga, mashqini 

tezroq raso qilib frontga jo'natishga hech kim shoshilmas 

va lozim ham ko'rmas edi. Apparently, no one is that keen 

on rushing to put them through the paces, getting them all 

trained, and then sending them off to the front. 

aftoda / афтода Q adj. poor, impoverished, destitute ▶ 

"Xiva-Urganch" magistral yo‘liga chiqqan, kiyim-boshi 

aftoda bu odamlarga hech kim e'tibor ham qilmagan, 

avtoulovlar ham to'xtamay o'tgan. No one paid any mind to 

the huddled masses who had come to the Khiva-Urganch 

Highway as the freight vehicles passed them right by. W 

difficult, trying, taxing ▶ Eridan ajralib, necha kunki 

aftoda holga tushib qolgan qiziga qarab Oydinning ham 

yuragi ezilardi. Looking at her daughter, cast aside by her 

husband and left in dire straights, Oydin's heart likewise 

began to ache. 

aftodahol / афтодаҳол Q adj. destitute, impoverished, 

poor ▶ Bir guruh aftodahol odamlar, topganlari nonga 

yetmayotganidan shikoyat qilib kelishgan ekan, mirshablar 

ichkariga kiritmabdi va orada janjal chiqibdi. A group of 

poor people, unable even to buy bread, came with a 

petition, but when the police did not let them enter, a 

struggle broke out. SAME AS : aftoda W depraved, 

immoral, broken ▶ Men bunday aftodahol 

siyosatchilarning gaplariga ishonmayman. I don't take such 

depraved politicians at their word! E broken, weak, 

physically defeated ▶ Uni borib ko'rdik, kasalxonada 

yotibdi, aftodahol, tuzalishi qiyin. We went to see him 

lying in the hospital; he's completely broken and it will be 

a difficult recovery. 

afv / афв n. forgiveness, amnesty, pardon ▶ Demak, qasos 

olmay xunidan kechib yuborsa, qilgan gunohlariga afv ato 

etilar ekan. So, he who does not take revenge, giving up on 

blood, will likewise have his sins pardoned. 

• afvi umum / афви умум general amnesty, blanket 

forgiveness ▶ Prezident afvi umum e'lon qildi, ammo 

unga muxolifat a'zolari kirmay qoldilar. The president has 

announced a general amnesty, but members of the 

opposition are not covered. ♦ Bolamiz bir gunoh qilib 

qoyibdi, taqsir, iltimos shuni afv etsangiz, bundan keyin 

aytgan yo'lingizga yuradi. Our child has made a mistake, 

your honor, please forgive him; from now on he will do as 

you say. ♦ Afv etasiz, ammo hamma gapni ochiq aytishim 

kerak, siz biz qidirayotgan odam emassiz. Sorry, but I need 

to just say it right out; you're not the person we are looking 

for! 

afyun / афюн Q n. botany opium (i.e., both the plant and 

the products derived from it) ▶ Shuning uchun ham 

afyun, mingdevona, nasha va shu kabi narkotik moddalar 

ta’siriga tushgan yoshlar ko'payib ketdi. So, the number of 

young people under the influence of opium, henbane, 

hashish, and drugs like them has increased. W figurative 

▶ "Din — xalq uchun afyun" degan shior bor edi Sovet 

davrida. During the Soviet Era, there was a slogan that 

read, "Religion is the opiate of the masses."

Comprehensive Uzbek-English Dictionary [ Aa ... - Dunwoody Press

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