Rudarski radovi br 4 2011 - Institut za rudarstvo i metalurgiju Bor

GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS<br />
OF THE CLAY DEPOSIT<br />
DUŠANOVAC<br />
The geological structure of deposit<br />
[3,5] consists of sand, clay and pontian<br />
sandstone (Pl1) and significantly less frequent<br />
proluvium Holocene (prQ2) made<br />
of: gravel, sand and loam.<br />
The oldest Quaternary sediments [5] are<br />
presented by river-lake gravels, sands and<br />
loams. According to their characteristics,<br />
they correspond to alluvial gravels and<br />
sands. Gravels are medium to coarsegrained,<br />
the heterogeneous composition of<br />
different curvature and weak sortness, and<br />
most often occur in the form of lenses embedded<br />
in the sand. The composition of<br />
gravel consists of sandstone, limestone, micro<br />
conglomerates, quartz, cherts, gneiss-<br />
granite and others. Yellow sands, sand<br />
loams and loams of loess habiti lie over<br />
gravels. The horizontal bedding is observed<br />
in them as well as the traces of marsh vegetation<br />
growns, so it is logical that these are<br />
the product of aquatic environment<br />
Lower Pliocene sediments [5]<br />
(Pontian) are about 300 m thick (Figure<br />
3). This series consists of shelf sands and<br />
sandy clay, above which a thin marl layer<br />
lies with supposed thickness of about 20 -<br />
30 m. Above the marl is deposited the<br />
layer of sandy clay, with a gradual transition<br />
to a brick clay lying on the surface of<br />
the ground, and of the supposed thickness<br />
of about 80 m.<br />
Fig. 3. Open bench from which the clay is occasionally exploited<br />
No 4,2011. 23<br />
MINING ENGINEERING