S.1 Spacecraft Propulsion Systems Chapter 1: Introduction to ...

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- 46- Future Developments in Liquid Propellant Technology Need: Environmentally friendly, safer propellants. • Current spacecraft and satellite users and manufacturers are looking for more environmentally friendly, safe propellants. These can reduce cost by eliminating the need for self-contained atmospheric protective ensemble (SCAPE) suits that are needed for toxic propellants. • Moreover, extensive and prohibitive propellant safety precautions, and isolation of the space vehicle from parallel activities during propellant loading operations can be minimized or eliminated. If used on these satellites, the costs for operating the vehicles will be lowered, in some cases dramatically.
Under Development: - 47- A new family of environmentally friendly monopropellants has been identified as an alternative to hydrazine. These new propellants are based on blends of e.g. hydroxyl ammonium nitrate (HAN), ammonium dinitramide (AND), hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF), nitrous oxide (N2O), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) When compared to hydrazine, e.g. HAN blends have a range of specific impulse (Isp) which can exceed that of hydrazine. Testing of HAN based propellants has begun to show promise and could soon be adopted for on-board propulsion systems of LEO satellites and constellations. Advantages: Safer propellants (also called ‘green’ or ‘reduced hazard propellants’) reduce costs by: • Eliminating the need for self-contained atmospheric protective ensemble (SCAPE) suits needed for toxic propellants. • No extensive and prohibitive propellant safety precautions and isolation of the space vehicle from parallel activities during propellant loading operations.
Page 1 and 2:
- 1- Chapter 1: Introduction to Spa
Page 3 and 4:
S.3 Need of Propulsion Propulsion i
Page 5 and 6:
Orbit control ORBIT CONTROL compris
Page 7 and 8:
S.4 Reaction-Control System - 7- Th
Page 9 and 10:
Solar Sails - 9-
Page 11 and 12:
S.5 Jet Propulsion System - 11- The
Page 13 and 14:
S.6 Spacecraft Propulsion - 13- Spa
Page 15 and 16:
Impulse bits - 15- Impulse bit is t
Page 17 and 18:
Nuclear propulsion Note - 17- SCHEM
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- 1- Chapter 2: Basic Propulsion Eq
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S.3 Basic Equation of Thrust - 3- B
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S.4 Basic Rocket Equation Total Vel
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- 7- S.6 Propulsion Performance Fac
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Test - 9-
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- 11- S.8 Propulsion System Perform
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- 13- S.9 Type of Propulsion System
Page 33 and 34: Rocket propulsion device basic part
Page 35 and 36: - 17- The Effective Exhaust Velocit
Page 37 and 38: Kinetic energy in the expelled mass
Page 39 and 40: - 1- Chapter 3: Spacecraft Propulsi
Page 41 and 42: - 3- S.3 Propulsion System Options
Page 43 and 44: Chemical Propulsion Systems - 5- Ch
Page 45 and 46: S.4 Cold and Hot Gas Systems - 7- C
Page 47 and 48: Cold Gas Systems (Operate) - 9- Col
Page 49 and 50: Typical System - 11-
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Page 53 and 54: Advantages Simplicity and reliabili
Page 55 and 56: Liquid Propellants - 17- Characteri
Page 57 and 58: S.6 Liquid Propellant Systems - 19-
Page 59 and 60: Monopropellant Systems (Operate) -
Page 61 and 62: - 23-
Page 63 and 64: - 25-
Page 65 and 66: Diaphragm Tank - 27-
Page 67 and 68: Advantages Simplicity and reliabili
Page 69 and 70: Bipropellant Systems (Operate) - 31
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Page 73 and 74: - 35-
Page 75 and 76: Propellant Tanks - 37-
Page 77 and 78: Unified Propulsion Systems - 39-
Page 79 and 80: - 41-
Page 81 and 82: - 43- Main Performance of Bipropell
Page 83: - 45- Dual-Mode systems use hydrazi
Page 87 and 88: Solid Propellant Motor - 49-
Page 89 and 90: - 51- Main Performance of Solid Pro
Page 91 and 92: Electric Propulsion Systems - 53- E
Page 93 and 94: Note: - 55- For electric propulsion
Page 95 and 96: Power Augmented Catalytic Thruster
Page 97 and 98: Electrostatic Systems - 59- Electro
Page 99 and 100: - 61- Survey of Electrical Thruster
Page 101 and 102: S.9 Summary - 63- Main characterist
Page 103 and 104: Chapter 4: Spacecraft Propulsion Sy
Page 105 and 106: - 3 - S.3 Propulsion System Selecti
Page 107 and 108: Important indication - 5 - If we as
Page 109 and 110: S.4 Outline of Advanced Spacecraft
Page 111 and 112: Exploration of the Solar System - 9
Page 113 and 114: - 11 - For micro- and nanospacecraf
Page 115 and 116: wafer 4 wafer 3 wafer 2 wafer 1 Sev
Page 117 and 118: - 15 - Potential increase in perfor
Page 119 and 120: - 17 - New Approaches in Advanced P
Page 121 and 122: - 19 - New Approaches in Advanced P
Page 123 and 124: - 21 - Exotic Propulsion Methods: A
Page 125: Literature - 23 - Wiley J. Larsson
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