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Table 2 : FGM Status of Respondents and their Daughters RESPONDENTS’ FGM STATUS European Journal of Social Sciences - Volume 2, Number 1 (2006) DAUGHTERS’ FGM STATUS NOT TOTAL MUTILATED MUTILATED N % N % N % MUTILATED 1206 87.1 178 12.9 1384 87.4 NOT MUTILATED 51 25.6 148 74.4 199 12.6 TOTAL 1257 79.4 326 20.6 1583 100 118 χ 2 402.55 df 1 P < 0.05 The study also investigated the prevalence of FGM according to degree of mutilation. As shown in Table 3, majority of mothers who were genitally mutilated (90.8%) reported that Type 1 (sunna circumcision) was performed on them, 7.2% reported Type II (excision) and 2,1% did not know which type they had been subjected to. The results also indicated that 96.9% of respondents’ daughters had Type I, while 3.1% had Type II performed on them. None of the respondents reported carrying out Types III and IV on their daughters. Table 3 : Type of FGM Performed on Mothers and their Daughters TYPE OF MUTILATION Type Type Type Don’t Know TOTAL FGM 1 II III N % N % N % N % N % MOTHERS 1256 90.8 99 7.2% - - 29 2.1% 1384 100 DAUGHTERS 1218 96.9 39 3.1% - - - - 1257 100 Reasons given by respondents to justify the practice of FGM were also investigated. Ten reasons were identified and presented to respondents, who were required to state whether or not they accepted the reasons as tenable to justify the practice of FGM. The results of the analysis are presented in Table 4: Table 4 : Reasons Adduced for the Practice of FGM TENABLE UNTENABLE REASONS N % N % TOTAL Compliance with the local custom 1369 86.5 214 13.5 1583 Reduction of women’s sexual appetite 1295 81.8 288 18.2 1583 Compliance with husband’s wish 1280 80.9 303 19.1 1583 Prevention of sex outside marriage 1226 77.4 357 22.6 1583 Prevention of sexual promiscuity by unmarried girls 1176 74.3 407 25.7 1583 To save the lives of unborn babies during delivery 1020 64.4 563 35.6 1583 Initiation rite to womanhood 466 29.4 1117 70.6 1583 Preservation of female virginity 436 27.5 1147 72.5 1583 Protection of family honor 414 26.2 1169 73.8 1583 Compliance with family religion 388 24.5 1195 75.5 1583 As shown in Table 4, an overwhelming majority of respondents (86.5) reported that compliance with local custom was a major reason for the practice of FGM. Also, 81.8% and 80.9% of the respondents gave control of women’s sexual appetite and compliance with husband’s wish respectively
International Research Journal of Finance and Economics – Volume 2, Number I (2006) as tenable reasons for the continuation of the practice. Conversely, an overwhelming majority of respondents agreed that preservation of female virginity (72.5%), protection of family honor (73.8%), and compliance with family religion (75.5%) were not strong reasons for the practice of FGM. Furthermore, the study examined the attitudes of respondents to the practice of FGM with a view to determining the factors which might tend to influence their attitudes. The data in Table 5 present chi-square analysis of the influence of religion, age, level of education, FGM status, husbands’ position and awareness of negative consequences of FGM on the attitudes of respondents to the practice. Table 5 : Respondents’ Attitudes to FGM RESPONDENTS’ CHARACTERISTICS RELIGION Xtianity Islam Below 25 years AGE 25 – 35 years 36 – 45 years Above 45 years LEVEL OF EDUCATION Sec. School OND/NCE 1 st Degree Above 1 st FGM STATUS Mutilated Not Mutilated HUSBAND’S Supported FGM POSITION Opposed FGM Indifferent FGM CONSE- Aware QUENCES Not Aware ATTITUDE TO FGM DIS- APPROVAL APPROVAL N % N % 1008 81 158 461 252 218 307 460 287 35 953 136 990 39 60 305 784 68.7 70.4 47.7 60.6 95.5 96.0 89.5 69.1 57.9 44.9 68.9 68.3 71.6 46.4 51.7 28 72.0 460 34 173 300 12 9 36 206 209 43 431 63 119 393 45 56 139 355 31.3 29.6 52.3 39.4 4.5 4.0 10.5 30.9 42.1 55.1 31.1 31.7 28.4 53.6 48.3 28.1 71.9 TOTAL 1468 115 331 761 264 227 343 666 496 78 1384 199 1383 84 116 444 1139 χ 2 df P .156 1 >0.05 258.18 116.95 .87 40.329 .957 3 3 1 2 1
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OL AOLUWA IWO Component Scores EJIG
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References [1] Abiodun J.O. (1981)
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