SECTION I 1 2 3 4 5 6 Introduction and Background Social Organization Demography and Housing District <strong>Government</strong> Municipal Services Law and Order 1
1 <strong>Gwadar</strong> was notified as a separate district on 1st July, 1977.The name originates from Gwat which means air and Dar, the door. The district headquarter is in “<strong>Gwadar</strong>” town. The district is located in the south-west <strong>of</strong> the Quetta City, the provincial capital <strong>of</strong> <strong>Balochistan</strong>, sharing its boundaries in the west with Iran. District Lasbela is in the east and Kech and Awaran Districts are in the north. Due to the deep sea port, <strong>Gwadar</strong> District has been developing fast. It has a scenic coastal highway that originates from district Lasbela and passes through the <strong>Gwadar</strong> district. The district has a 620 Kms coastline along Arabian Sea. The most significant feature <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Gwadar</strong> District is <strong>Gwadar</strong> Port, a deep sea warm water port. It is located on the eastern bay <strong>of</strong> a natural hammer-head protrusion <strong>of</strong> land, from the coast, distended into the apex <strong>of</strong> Arabian Sea. By virtue <strong>of</strong> its geographic location and developmental projects, <strong>Gwadar</strong> is going to be an advanced and developed coastal city at par with other famous coastal cities <strong>of</strong> the world, in the coming years. The terrain <strong>of</strong> the district is mountainous and consists <strong>of</strong> coastal plains and valleys having an elevation ranging from 0 to930 meters above Mean Sea Level. (MSL) 1.1. Historical Background The Makran Region surrounding <strong>Gwadar</strong> was occupied by the ancient Bronze Age people who were settled in the few oases. Later, it became the Gedrosia region <strong>of</strong> the Achaemenid Persian Empire which is believed to have been conquered by the founder <strong>of</strong> the Persian Empire, Cyrus the Great. During the homeward march <strong>of</strong> Alexander the Great, his admiral, Nearchus, led a fleet along the modern-day Makran coast and recorded that the area was dry, mountainous and inhabited by the "Ichthyophagoi" (or "fish eaters"), a Greek rendering <strong>of</strong> the ancient Persian phrase "Mahikhoran" (then it became "Makran"). After the collapse <strong>of</strong> Alexander's empire, the area was ruled by Seleucus Nicator, one <strong>of</strong> Alexander's generals. In 303 BC, <strong>Gwadar</strong> witnessed the advent <strong>of</strong> Alexander the Great, followed by the rule <strong>of</strong> Chandra Gupta Moria. A detailed history <strong>of</strong> the later period is missing. The inhabitants <strong>of</strong> <strong>Gwadar</strong> were Baloch and their chief was Malik Jelaleddin, son <strong>of</strong> Malik Dinar. In 1783, the Khan <strong>of</strong> <strong>Gwadar</strong> granted authority over <strong>Gwadar</strong> to Taimur Sultan, the defeated ruler <strong>of</strong> Muscat. When Taimur Sultan reclaimed Muscat, he continued his rule in <strong>Gwadar</strong> by appointing a governor there. <strong>Gwadar</strong> <strong>of</strong>ficially became a district on July 1, 1977, when Makran Divison was created having three districts. <strong>Gwadar</strong> town is the headquarter <strong>of</strong> <strong>Gwadar</strong> District. Previously, it was one <strong>of</strong> the 3 Tehsils <strong>of</strong> the then Makran District - before Makran was upgraded to a Division. For administrative purposes, the district is further divided into two sub-divisions, namely <strong>Gwadar</strong> and Pasni. <strong>Gwadar</strong> became a part <strong>of</strong> Pakistan in September 1958. Keeping in view the needs <strong>of</strong> the Central Asian States, Afghanistan and China, the <strong>Government</strong> <strong>of</strong> General Pervez Musharraf decided to construct a deep sea port at <strong>Gwadar</strong> (third port <strong>of</strong> 8 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND Table 1.1: Tehsils and Union Councils <strong>of</strong> District <strong>Gwadar</strong> Tehsil Union Council <strong>Gwadar</strong> Central <strong>Gwadar</strong>, <strong>Gwadar</strong> Southern, <strong>Gwadar</strong> Northern, Pishukan, Surbandar Jiwani Jiwani, Suntsar Ormara Hud, Ormara Pasni Kallag, Nalaint, Pasni Northern, Pasni Southern There are total 4 Tehsils and 13 Union Councils in the district (Local <strong>Government</strong>, <strong>Balochistan</strong>, 2005) 3
Change language