Gwadar - Government of Balochistan

7.3. Farm Implements and Inputs
According to the statistics, most of the farm implements were
owned by the private sector. Provision of farm implements by
the government to the small landholder may only boost the
agriculture production in the district but will also alleviate
poverty. For further details, please see table C4 Annexure C.
7.4. Horticulture Inputs
7.4.1. Area and Production of Fruits and Vegetables
Government and Private Owned Farm Implements
(Agricultural Statistics Balochistan, 2008-09)
The district has great potential for fruit farming. Presently, Dates, Mangoes, Citrus, Banana, Guava, Loquat, Papaya,
Chickoo and Coconut are the major fruits produced in the area. For further details, please see table C5 Annexure C.
Area
Fruits
Other Fruits
Coconut
Chickoo
Papaya
Loquat
Guava
Banana
Citrus
Mangoes
Dates
16
6
6
15
86
25
79
129
556
1,878
0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000
Area in Hectare
(Agricultural Statistics Balochistan, 2008-09)
Pumpkin occupied 7 hectares, Lady Finger6 hectares and Tomatoes, Spinach, Radish and Cabbage each occupied 4
hectares. Brinjals covered 3 hectares, whereas, Cauliflower and Turnips covered the lowest area of 2 hectares each. For
further details, please see table C6 Annexure C.
Area
Vegetables
Other …
Pumpkin
Brinjal
Lady Finger
Tomatoes
Spinach
Turnip
Radish
Cauliflower
Carrot
Cabbage
2
2
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
0 5 10
Area in hectare
(Agricultural Statistics Balochistan, 2008-09)
6
7
Production
Fruits
Other Fruits
Coconut
Chickoo
Papaya
Loquat
Guava
Banana
Citrus
Mangoes
Dates
Production
Vegetable
Other …
Pumpkin
Brinjal
Lady Finger
Tomatoes
Spinach
Turnip
Radish
Cauliflower
Carrot
Cabbage
2,250
7,333
6,824
6,815
5,800
8,500
8,560
8,565
8,700
Number
11,455
200
100
0
23
9
0 12,000
Yield Per Kg Hectare
24,000
15
24
30
28
30
32
47
49
65
60
60
0 50
Production in Tonns
100
50
172
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Govt. Private Govt. Private Govt. Private Govt. Private Govt. Private
0
2005-06
2008-09
10
0
Tractors Threshers Harvesters Reapers Bulldozers
Yield
Fruits
Other Fruits
Yield
Vegetable
Coconut
Chickoo
Papaya
Loquat
Guava
Banana
Citrus
Mangoes
Dates
51
197
9
44
Other Vegetables
505
126
719
845
4,698
10,863
0 6,000
Production in Tonns
12,000
Pumpkin
Brinjal
Lady Finger
Tomatoes
Spinach
Turnip
Radish
Cauliflower
Carrot
Cabbage
6,714
5,000
4,000
10,000
7,000
12,250
15,000
16,250
16,000
15,000
15,000
0 15,000 30,000
Yield Kg Per Hectare
21
7.5. Land Ownership and Tenure System
The total Arable Land (35.7%) recorded was 17,942 hectares. The Culturable Waste Land area was 64.3% (32,277 hectares)
during the year 2008-09. In Gwadar, individual ownership is predominant in un-irrigated areas for economic reasons. Unirrigated
areas are rain-fed, therefore, financial inputs for irrigation are minimal and it is possible for individuals to have
own and to cultivate it. Tenancy is not very common since agriculture is not a very important economic activity in the
district. Most of the farmers work on their own fields. Some large land and orchard owners employ tenants. Tenancy
contracts are not formal and an oral understanding is considered enough. Sometimes, tenants make deals simultaneously
with more than one land owner, mainly due to the scarcity of agricultural labor. In the case of irrigated lands, a tenant is
entitled to one third of the total yield while for un-irrigated land a tenant gets 25% share of the yield. In both the cases all
the inputs are provided by the land owner. Another form of tenancy also practiced is locally called Lath bandi. In this type of
tenancy the tenant provides all the inputs and he retains 75% of the total yield. If he provides half of the inputs then he gets
half of the total yield.
7.5.1. Discussion on Land Patterns in Land Ownership and Tenure System
Shared Tenancy
Cash Tenancy This type of tenancy does not exist.
Crop Sharing System
7.6. Agriculture Marketing
Under this system the expenditure on land preparation, expenditure on seeds,
fertilizers and pesticides, irrigation expenses, harvesting and threshing charges
are to be met by the land owner. However, the crop produce is then divided
between the owner and the tenant based on an agreed formula.
The land owner gives his land to the cultivator and all the cost of production
incurred has to be met by the cultivator. Normally, 20% of the production is
given to the owner of the land.
Most of the produce is consumed locally, except dates, which are exported to other parts of the country like Karachi,
Quetta and Sukkur. Agricultural produce is sold on the farm where a middle man buys the produce and sells it in the market.
The prices fixed by the government, for different agricultural produce do not seem effective, usually, throughout the
province. This is one of the basic reasons for the daily increase in prices. The majority of the farm produce is directly sold
into the hands of brokers (other terms used for broker are dalal, beopari, contractors or intermediaries), who are all
middlemen with different nomenclatures at different locations. Normally the following options are available to the
growers for selling their produce:
a) Sale of produce at farm gate: this kind of sale, however, does not bring much income to growers.
b) Sale of produce to the nearest market, if available, at the district level: This kind of sale incurs certain
transportation charges that have to be met by the growers. In the market, there is a strong hold of intermediaries.
They buy the farm produce on the spot and resell to wholesalers at their own prices. The wholesalers' resale to
merchandisers, dealers, brokers or retailers. Then it comes to shopkeepers from where people purchase these
commodities as end users/consumers. But every entity involved inside these sales gets its profit margins fixed
accordingly. There is no check on these price fixers.
c) Sale of produce across the boundaries of district or province: The same intermediaries are to be faced by the
producers/growers again.
d) There is another way to earn higher profits. The salesmen keep the produce purchased from the growers in ware
houses to sell it at high prices during the off season.
28 29