Gwadar - Government of Balochistan

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Sector Highlights Government and Private Owned Farm Implements Number 200 100 0 23 9 50 172 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ÿ Potential Area available, as reported, for cultivation was 50,219 hectares of the total geographical area (Agricultural Statistics, 2009). Ÿ The Current Fallow Land was increased from 82.6% to 83.9% between 2005 and 2009, which means more area was made available for cultivation and Net Sown Area was reduced from 17.4% to 16.1% between 2005 and 2009. Ÿ Major Rabi crop was vegetable followed by Lentil sharing 45.1%and 31.4% of the total Rabi crop area respectively. Ÿ Major Kharif crop was fruit followed by vegetable sharing 98.7.4% and 0.7% of the total Kharif crop area respectively. Ÿ The Fodder production of 442 tons remained the highest for the year 2008-09 followed by vegetable at 326 tons Ÿ Among the fruit, Banana produce was the highest with 11,455 yield kg per hectare. Ÿ Other major fruit produce was Dates, Mangoes, Citrus, Banana, Guava, Loquat, Papaya, Chickoo and Coconut. Ÿ Major irrigation sources included tube wells (33%), wells (4%) and dug karezes / spring (63%). Ÿ There are 26 tube wells installed by government and 109 installed privately. 0 0 0 0 (Agricultural Statistics Balochistan, 2008-09) 0 0 0 2005-06 2008-09 Govt. Private Govt. Private Govt. Private Govt. Private Govt. Private 10 0 Tractors Threshers Harvesters Reapers Bulldozers 21 7.1. Introduction 7.1.1. Agro-Ecological Zone Gwadar falls in the tropical agro-ecological zone bearing a total potential agricultural area of 50,219 hectares (Agriculture Statistics, 2008-09), which is approximately 4% of the total geographical area of District Gwadar. The recommended crops for the district according to its ecological zone are given in the table below: Table 7.1: Agro-Ecological Zone and Recommended Crops 7.2. Land Utilization The share of land used for agriculture in the district is gradually increasing every year. The overall land utilization of District Gwadar is depicted in the table below: 7.2.1. Land Classification The geographical area of Gwadar is 1,264 thousand hectares out of which 14% (182,105 hectares) is unavailable for cultivation. The Potential Area available for agricultural crop cultivation is 50,219 hectares, i.e. 4% of the total geographic area. The district has vast potential for agricultural development but water scarcity is the major constrained. However, this could be overcome by efficient conservation of flood water and the recharge of existing water resources. This would increase the cropping area of Gwadar. Out of total 135 tube wells (81%) were installed privately (109) while the remaining 19% (26) by the government. The government needs to install more tube wells. Wheat, Barley, Rapeseed & Mustard, Canola, Castor Seed, Gram, Mutter Pulse, Masoor, Vegetables, Fodders, Sunflower, Safflower, Rice, Jowar, Maize, Sesame, Pulses, Onion, Potato, Melons, Chilies, Coriander, Garlic, Guar Seed, Sugarcane, Cotton, Pear, Dates, Mangoes, Citrus, Banana, Guava, Loquat, Papaya, Chickoo and Fig. (Agricultural Statistics Balochistan, 2008-09) (Agricultural Statistics Balochistan, 2008-09) Out of the total Potential Area for cultivation (50,219 hectares.), Arable Land increased from 16,404 hectares (32.7%) in the year 2004 to 17,942 hectares (35.7%) by 2009. The share of Current Fallow Land in total Arable Land increased from 83% to 84% 24 25 Ecological Zones Tropical Name of District Altitude (Feet) Recommended Crops Gwadar, Kech, Sibi, Lasbela, Bolan, Jhal Magsi, Dera Bugti, Nasirabad, Jaffarabad and Harnai. Table 7.2: Land Utilization by Year Land Utilization For Agriculture 0-1500 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 Mean Total Geographical Area 1,264 1,264 1,264 1,264 Total Arable Land 16 (33%) 16 (33%) 17 (34%) 18 (36%) 34 Total Potential Area for Cultivation 50 (4%) 50 (4%) 50 (4%) 50 (4%) 4 Net Sown Area 3 (18%) 3 (18%) 3 (17%) 3 (16%) 17 Current Fallow Land 14 (82%) 14 (82%) 14 (83%) 15 (84%) 83 Culturable Waste 34 (67%) 34 (67%) 33 (66%) 32 (64%) 66 Forest 17 (1%) 17 (1%) 17 (1%) 17 (1%) 1 Area Unavailable for Cultivation 182 (14%) 182 (14%) 182 (14%) 182 (14%) 14 Area in '000' Hectare (Agricultural Statistics Balochistan, 2008-09) Distribution of Arable Land 20 15 10 5 0 15 Current Fallow Land Net Sown Area Total Arable land 3 18
during the last five years. However, for a good crop raising and earning, focus on the practices of horizontal crop yield increase were made possible from within the framework of available farm resources. A high yield will not only improve the farm and farmers' income but will also have a positive impact on the overall economy of the province. Therefore, each year both in Rabi and Kharif cropping seasons, the cultivation area needs to be increased. The mean Culturable Waste Land area has been recorded at 66.5% which has remained constant over the previous five years period. This could be an indication to the scarcity of irrigation water. The ratio of cropping intensity decreased during the Rabi as well as Kharif seasons. Culturable Waste Land reduced from 33,815 hectares in 2004-05 to 32,277 hectares in 2008-09. Crops Gwadar valley has two cropping seasons: 1. Rabi Crops: Rabi crops include; Lentil (Masoor), vegetable and Fodder. These crops are sown in the winter or during early summer and harvested in late summer. For further details, please see table C1 Annexure C. 2. Kharif Crops: Kharif crops include; fruit, vegetable, Melon and Coriander. All these crops fall in the category of cash crops and they are sown in summer and harvested in late summer or early winter. For further details, please see table C2 Annexure C. 7.2.2. Major Crops, Area and Production In major Rabi crops, vegetables cover the largest area, (23 hectares), which is 45% of the total area. This is followed by Fodder which covers 23.5% of the area. More than 65% of the area under vegetables' cultivation is being irrigated. The area under Lentil (Masoor) cultivation was 16 hectares, 31.4% of the total Rabi cropping area. The production of Fodder was 442 tons during the year 2008- 09 reported as the highest, followed by 326 tons of vegetable and 6 tons of Lentil (Masoor). The data shows that Masoor's average yields of 375 kg/hectares in Gwadar is very high when compared to the average yield of high yielding Masoor genotypes in the un-irrigated areas of Balochistan. Of the major Kharif crops, fruits occupied the largest area of 2,796 hectares which is 99% of the total area (2,832 hectares) followed by vegetable (20 hectares) comprising 0.7% of the area. The area under Melon was 13 hectares while Coriander occupied 3 hectares: cultivation for melon and coriander was 0.5% and 0.1% of the total Kharif area, respectively. Fruit with production, of 18,057 tons, was v dominant in the district with a yield of 6,458 kg/hectares followed by vegetable with a production of 130 tons and yield of 10,000 Kg/hectares. Dates, Mangoes, Citrus, Guava, Chickoo and Coconut are the leading fruits. The production level of Kharif vegetable was 5,700 tons followed by Coriander (333 tons) at a yield of 333 Kg/hectares. The data shows that the average yield of Coriander (333 Kg/hectares), obtained under irrigated conditions is about 62% less than the average yield in Area and Production of Major Rabi Crops Number 50,000 25,000 0 Area (Hectare) Production (Tones) Yield (Kg/ Hectare) 16 6 375 23 326 14,174 (Agricultural Statistics Balochistan, 2008-09) 12 442 Lentil Vegetables Fodder Rabi Crops Area and Production of Major Kharif Crops Number 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 2,796 18,057 6,458 20 114 5,700 (Agricultural Statistics Balochistan, 2008-09) 13 130 Fruits Vegetables Melons Kharif Crops Area (Hectare) Production (Tones) Yield(Kg/ Hectare) 36,833 10,000 Balochistan (541 Kg/hectares). It seems that the Coriander varieties being grown are either not certified or the appropriate agronomic practices are not performed efficiently like sowing time, balanced fertilizer application plus type of fertilizer to be applied, seed bed preparation, irrigation intervals, hoeing and weeding operations and proper insect and disease control measures. In order to improve the existing low yield, newly developed high yielding varieties of seeds shall be introduced. For further details, please see table C2 Annexure C. The Provincial Seed Certification Department should survey the area for monitoring and identification of varieties of crop sown which would help curb the prevailing trend of sowing mixed and uncertified seeds. Moreover, both Agriculture Research and Extension Wings should participate in the field days and provide updated information to farmers in the area that how to follow the crop husbandry. Effective dissemination of written guidelines, pamphlets and newsletters about proper management and handling of various crops be ensured and activated for the best interest and economic prosperity of the farmers. 7.2.3. Discussion on Production Trends a) Fodder: At the district level, Fodder contributed to 23.5% of the area under Rabi crop cultivation. Fodder contributed 0.4% to the total Fodder area in Balochistan at 3.1%. The production growth rate was 2.3% in Gwadar whereas 22.5% at the provincial level. Yield growth rates were 49.9% and 29.1% at the district and provincial levels respectively. Hence, it is quite possible that wheat cultivation would be continued at the same level in the existing cropping system. b) Fruit: At the district level, fruit contributed to 99% of the area under Kharif crop cultivation. The area growth rate was higher than that of Fodder (97% > 20.1%) and so was the production growth rate (94.7% >19.7%) at the district level. The yield growth rate was 8.7% compared to 2% at the provincial level Growth Rate Comparison - 2008-09 (%) (Agricultural Statistics Balochistan, 2008-09) c) Coriander: At the district level, Coriander contributed to 0.1% of the area under Kharif crop cultivation. The area growth rate was lower than Fodder and fruits (0.1% < 0.2%) and so was the production growth rate (0.01% < 0.03%) at the district level. The yield growth rate was 0.5% compared to 0.2% at the provincial level. Therefore, Coriander cultivation is not as economical as Fodder and fruit; however, it should be continued provided the cropping area is increased at the district level. c) Lentil: At the district level, Lentils (Masoor) contributed to 31% of the area under Rabi crop cultivation. The area growth rate (0.6% > 0.3%) and production growth rate (0.03% < 0.04%) for Lentils remained higher than coriander at the district level. The yield growth rate was 0.5% compared to the 0.3% at the provincial level. For further details, please see table C3 Annexure C. 7.2.4. Discussion of Cropping Patterns 26 27 Percent 100 75 50 25 0 97 95 20 20 Area Production 23 29 2 9 3 0 2 Yield Area Production Yield 50 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Area Production Yield Area Production Fruits Fodder Coriander lentil Major Crops Balochistan Gwadar Single cropping pattern is practiced to cultivate Lentil (Masoor), vegetable, Fodder, fruit, Melon and Coriander, whereas inter cropping, mixed cropping and crop rotation are not practiced. Some fields/plots remain uncultivated as fallow land to maintain the soil's fertility which might otherwise have been exhausted in the past under crop husbandry. Yield
Page 1 and 2: Planning & Development Department G
Page 3 and 4: ii Message In this age of knowledge
Page 5 and 6: ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS A. I. AD
Page 7 and 8: Education Literacy (10+): 61%, Lite
Page 9 and 10: 1 Gwadar was notified as a separate
Page 11 and 12: 2 SOCIAL ORGANIZATION 2.1. Introduc
Page 13 and 14: 3 DEMOGRAPHY AND HOUSING Demography
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Page 17 and 18: provision and maintenance, measures
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Page 35 and 36: 13.1. Introduction District Gwadar,
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Page 45 and 46: 16 EDUCATION Primary Schools Number
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Registrar High Court, District & Se
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Gwadar - Government of Balochistan

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