A guide to the deep-water sponges of - NMFS Scientific Publications ...
A guide to the deep-water sponges of - NMFS Scientific Publications ...
A guide to the deep-water sponges of - NMFS Scientific Publications ...
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Appendix IV. Spicule types<br />
This appendix includes scanning electron microscopy<br />
(SEM) images <strong>of</strong> spicules from select calcareous<br />
<strong>sponges</strong> and demo<strong>sponges</strong> collected during <strong>the</strong><br />
2004 Aleutian Island expeditions. It also includes<br />
several SEM images <strong>of</strong> spicules from a few hexactinellid<br />
sponge species that are common in Alaskan<br />
<strong>water</strong>s. The purpose <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> appendix is <strong>to</strong> provide<br />
<strong>the</strong> reader with a representative collection <strong>of</strong> spicule<br />
images so that <strong>the</strong>y may gain an understanding <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
terms used in <strong>the</strong> <strong>guide</strong> and an appreciation for <strong>the</strong><br />
Class Calcarea, Family Grantiidae, Leucandra poculiformis Hozawa, 1918.<br />
147<br />
variation between species and among spicule types.<br />
This collection also serves as a source <strong>of</strong> reference<br />
material for those who wish <strong>to</strong> microscopically examine<br />
<strong>sponges</strong>. We refer <strong>the</strong> reader <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> Thesaurus<br />
<strong>of</strong> Sponge Morphology (Boury-Esnault and Rützler,<br />
1997) for a comprehensive glossary <strong>of</strong> terminology<br />
and a pic<strong>to</strong>rial <strong>guide</strong> <strong>to</strong> spicule types and skeletal<br />
structures. The species in this appendix have been<br />
arranged systematically <strong>to</strong> family and alphabetically<br />
arranged within family.<br />
(A) Overview <strong>of</strong> occurring spicules: large tri- and tetractines and small oxeas; (B) large triactine; (C) a rare large<br />
tetractine; and (D) acanthose microxeas with characteristic bend called a “lance-head” by Hozawa.