A guide to the deep-water sponges of - NMFS Scientific Publications ...
A guide to the deep-water sponges of - NMFS Scientific Publications ...
A guide to the deep-water sponges of - NMFS Scientific Publications ...
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97. Axinella rugosa (Bowerbank, 1866)<br />
Description. This sponge is clavate. Branching, fanshaped,<br />
or single tubes (occasionally two tubes) are <strong>to</strong><br />
17 cm in height. Consistency is firm but elastic, with a<br />
hispid surface. Color in life is grey, light yellow, golden<br />
brown <strong>to</strong> brownish red.<br />
Skeletal structure. Axinellid spicule tracts consist <strong>of</strong><br />
styles, strongyles, and oxeas. All spicules have a large<br />
variation in length up <strong>to</strong> 1750 µm.<br />
Zoogeographic distribution. Widespread and locally<br />
abundant. In Alaska – central Aleutian Islands, Bering<br />
Sea, and eastern Gulf <strong>of</strong> Alaska. Elsewhere – North<br />
Pacific Ocean (Sea <strong>of</strong> Japan), Arctic Ocean (Barents<br />
Sea and Greenland Sea), and North Atlantic Ocean<br />
(Norwegian Sea).<br />
Habitat. In Alaska – attached <strong>to</strong> hard substrate at<br />
depths between 87 and 712 m. Densities <strong>to</strong> 63 individuals<br />
per m 2 in <strong>the</strong> eastern Gulf <strong>of</strong> Alaska. Elsewhere – reported<br />
at depths between 90 and 320 m, temperatures<br />
between 2 and 5°C, and salinities between 34.20 and<br />
35.01 psu.<br />
Remarks. Though superficially similar <strong>to</strong> Mycale<br />
carlilei, A. rugosa is a hollow tube whereas M. carlilei is a<br />
solid tube with a flat <strong>to</strong>p and one or more prominent<br />
oscula. The Alaskan specimens are <strong>the</strong> first tube forms<br />
reported for <strong>the</strong> species.<br />
Pho<strong>to</strong>s. 1) Specimen collected at a depth <strong>of</strong> 172 m<br />
in <strong>the</strong> eastern Gulf <strong>of</strong> Alaska. Grid marks are 1 cm 2 .<br />
2) Same specimen as in pho<strong>to</strong> 1 in situ. 3) Specimen (indicated<br />
by <strong>the</strong> white arrow) collected in situ at a depth<br />
<strong>of</strong> 712 m in <strong>the</strong> central Aleutian Islands.<br />
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