view - National Center for Education Development

;fdfGoLs/0f ug] { (Generalizing) k|lqmofx¿ kb{5g\ . k|of]uzfnfsf] dfWodaf6 ljBfyL{nfO{
ul0ftLo 1fgsf] k|of]u b}lgs hLjgdf x'g] s'/fdf cEo:t ug{ dbt ldNb5 . ul0ft k|of]uzfnfdf
ljBfyL{x¿ 7f]; j:t'x¿ k|of]u u/L ;lqmo ¿kdf rnfpg] (Manipulate), cfk"mn] u/]sf s'/f
;f]Rg], 5nkmn ug] {, cfk"mn] ] kQf nufPsf s'/fx¿ n]Vg] h:tf ;Lk ljsf; ug] { df}sf k|fKt
ub{5g\ . ul0ft k|of]uzfnfdf ljBfyL{x¿n] cfk} ―mn] u/]/ l;Sg] (Learning by doing) x'―bf
lzIfssf] e"ldsf s]jn kyk|bz{s cyjf ;xhstf{sf] ¿kdf /xG5 . ul0ft k|of]uzfnfsf]
pkof]lutf tyf dxŒj tnsf a'―bfx¿af6
:ki6 ug{ ;lsG5 .
s_ 7f]; txdf ;+nUgtf (Involvement at a Concrete Level)
7f]; j:t'x¿;―u rNg] x'gfn] ljBfyL{x¿n] ;f]Rg kfp5g\ cg';Gwfg ug{ kfp―5g\ h;n] ubf{
ul0ft l;sfO ;fy{s aGb5 . 7f]; ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ljgf 3f]Sg] ljlwaf6 l;s]sf] s'/f ;fy{s
x'g ;Sb}g .
v_ df}g ;~rf/ (Nonverbal communication)
7f]; ;fdu|Lx¿sf] df}g ;~rf/sf] df}sf k|bfg ub{5 . ljgf k|jrg ljBfyL{x¿n] s'g} ;d:of
;dfwfgsf nflu pkfox¿ hfGb5g\ . lzIfsn] klg ljBfyL{x¿n] JofVof gu/Lsg pgLx¿sf]
l;sfOsf] tx n]vfhf]vf ug{ ;Sb5 . o;sf] cy{ k9fO / af]nfO (Reading and
Verbalization) nfO{ k|lt:yfkg ug'{
kb{5 eGg] xf]Og .
u_ ;sf/fTds efjgf (Positive Thinking)
k|of]uzfnf ljlwaf6 x/]s ljBfyL{n] cfk\mgf] Ifdtfcg';f/ cfk\mg} ultdf sfd ub{5g\ / ul0ft
l;Sb5g\ . cfk"mn] u/]sf] sfd cfk} ―mn] 7Ls eP gePsf] 5'6\ofpg ;Sb5g\ . ;fdu|L;―u sfd
ubf{ s;}sf] 8/ gdfgLsg :jM:k"mt{ jftfj/0fdf l;Sg ;lsg] / ljBfyL{x¿ klg /dfp―5g\ .
ljBfyL{sf cfTdljZjf; a9\5 / ;sf/fTds efjgfsf] ljsf; x'G5 .
3_ ul0lto wf/0ffdf Aofkstf (Broader view of Mathematics)
z}lIfs ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]uaf6 ljBfyL{n] ul0ftLo wf/0ffnfO{ km/flsnf] agfpg ;S5g\ . z}lIfs
;fdu|Lx¿sf] k|of]uaf6 ul0ftLo 9f―rfx¿ qmd, ;DaGw, cflbsf] cy{k"0f{ wf/0ff ljsf; ug{
;lsG5 . h:t}M lhof]af]8{sf] k|of]uaf6 sf]0f, lqe'h, rt'e{ 'hsf] wf/0ff km/flsnf] agfpg
;lsG5 .
lzIf0f ljlw
æ;'g] lal;{G5, b]v] ;lDemG5, u/] hflgG5 / k|of]u ul//x] afgL k5{ .Æ of] plQm ul0ft lzIf0fsf]
If]qdf klg plQs} dxŒjk"0f{ dflgG5 . lkofh]sf] l;WbfGtcg';f/ klg ljBfno txsf
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ul0ftLo wf/0ffx¿ lb―bf ;'?df 7f]; cyf{t\ d"t{ j:t' tyf lrqx¿sf] h?/t kb{5 .
clg dfq lx;fa ug] { cEof; ug{ nufpg'kb{5 . ljBfno txsf] ul0ft lzIf0fsf qmddf h'g;'s}
wf/0ff÷ljifoj:t'sf] lzIf0f ubf{ 7f]; (concrete), cw{7f]; (semiconcrete) / ;ª\s]t
(symbolic) r/0fx¿af6 ug'{kb{5
. lzIf0fl;sfOsf qmddf k|of]u ul/g] jf:tljs j:t'÷gd'gfx¿
7f];, ljleGg k|sf/sf lrq, rf6{ cflb cw{7f];\ / cª\s÷;ª\s]t dfq n]vL ul0ftLo lqmof ug'{
;ª\s]t r/0f xf] . ul0ftsf] lzIf0f tn pNn]v ul/Pcg';f/sf r/0fdf ug'{kb{5
M
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