view - National Center for Education Development
view - National Center for Education Development view - National Center for Education Development
226 pTkfbgsf] :t/Lotfsf] ;DaGwdf c¿nfO{ k|efj kfg{ ;Sg' kb{5 . o;f] ug{ ;s]df dfq c¿df Tof] pTkflbt j:t' tyf ;]jfk|lt ljZjf; / cfsif{0f l;h{gf x'g hfG5 h;sf] kmn:j¿k pTkflbt ;]jf jf ;fdu|LnfO{ pkef]Qmfn] :jLsfg{ ] / d"No r'sfpg tof/ x'g] x'G5g\ . o;/L c¿nfO{ k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] ;Lk g} g/d ;Lk xf] . To;}n] olb xfdL;―u sfd ug] { k|fljlws 1fg ;Lk 5 t/ soft skills sdhf]/ 5 eg] xfdL ;kmn x'g ;Sb}gf} ― . k|fljlws 1fg ;Lksf] cfk\mg} dxŒj 5 . k|fljlws ;Lkn] pTkfbg ul/g] ;]jf / ;fdu|Lsf] u'0f:t/ tyf ef}lts :j¿knfO{ /fd|f] agfpg ;S5 t/ Tof] slt xb;Dd sfd nfUg] / /fd|f] xf] eGg] s'/fsf] cg'e"lt u/fpg To;sf] af/]df ;~rf/, k|rf/ k|;f/ ug'{ cfjZos x'G5 . o;f] ug{ ;s]df dfq u|fxs ju{df To;k|ltsf] dxŒj tyf pkof]usf] /fd|f] ;~rf/ x'g hfG5 . o;af6 To; pTkfbgsf] d"No k|fKt x'G5 . of] sfo{sf nflu g/d ;Lk geO x'―+b}g . To;}n] k|fljlws 1fg ;Lk / soft skills sf b'O{ lkn/n] ;kmntf ;'lglZrt u5{g\ .
227 cfw'lgs z}Ifl0fs k|ljlw tyf vf]h b"/ tyf v'nfsf] kl/ro b"/ lzIff tyf v'nf l;sfOsf] cy{ a'e\mgsf nflu o;nfO{ lgoldt lzIff k|0ffnL;―u bf―h]/ x]g'{ pko'Qm x'G5 . ;fdfGotof lgoldt lzIff k|0ffnLdf egf{sf nflu k"j{ lgwf{l/t ;t{x¿ x'G5g\ . sIff ;~rfng tf]lsPsf] ;dodf x'G5 . kf7\qmd / d"Nofª\sg k|0ffnL lgwf{l/t x'G5 . o; k|0ffnLdf l;Sg] / l;sfpg] JolQmx¿ cfdg] ;fdg] -Pp6} :yfg / ;dodf_ /x]sf x'G5g\ . b"/ lzIff k4lt ;+/rgfTds tyf lgb] {lzt x'G5 . lglZrt p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu lglZrt dfWodaf6 lglZrt ;dodf lzIff xfl;n ug] { k|lqmof b"/ lzIff xf] . o; k4ltdf b"/ lzIff l;Sg] / l;sfpg] JolQmx¿ ;fdfGotof cfdg] ;fdg] x'―b}gg\ . pgLx¿ km/skm/s b"/L cyf{t\ :yfg -e"uf]n_ / ;do -time zone_ df /x]sf x'G5g\ . ;do / b"/L afx]ssf cGo kIfx¿ b"/ lzIff k4ltdf lgoldt lzIff k|0ffnLsf] h:t} x'G5 . b"/ lzIffdf k|ljlw -h:t}M kqfrf/, Od]n, 6]lnkmf]g, >Jo tyf >Job[Zo;ef cflb_ sf] k|of]un] l;Sg] / l;sfpg] JolQmx¿nfO{ ;ldkdf NofP/ lzIf0f l;sfO k|lqmofsf] ;~rfng ul/G5 . v'nf l;sfO eGgfn] :jcWoog cyf{t\ :jlzIf0f k|lqmof eGg] a'lemG5 . v'nf l;sfOdf a9L nrstf x'G5 . l;sf?n] s'g} s'/f l;Sgsf nflu s], s;/L, sxf―, slxn] l;Sg] eGg] af/]df cfk\mgf] wf/0ff /fv]/ cfk"mnfO{ kfos kg] { / ;xh x'g] u/L sfo{qmddf egf{ x'g ;S5g\ . v'nf l;sfOdf egf{ x'gsf nflu k"j{lgwf{l/t ;t{x¿nfO{ w]/} dxŒj lbO―b}g . To;}n] cf}krfl/s gLlt lgod jf aGwgdf g/xL ;Lldt k"jf{wf/x¿sf cfwf/df cfk"m a;]sf] :yfg jf sfd ul//x]sf] :yfgaf6 cfk\mgf] ultcg';f/ lzIff cfh{g ug] { k4lt v'nf lzIff xf] . o; k4ltaf6 lzIff cfh{g ubf{ l;sf?nfO{ w]/} cj;/x¿ k|fKt x'G5g\ . of] pd]/sf] lx;fan] v'nf, ;dosf] lx;fan] v'nf, lzIf0f ljlwsf] lx;fan] v'nf, :yfgsf] lx;fan] v'nf / l;sf?sf] ultsf] lx;fan] v'nf x'g] ePsfn] of] Pp6f lzIff xfl;n ug] { j}slNks k4lt xf] . t/ o;sf] cjwf/0ffcg';f/ lzIff k|bfg ug{ sl7gfO x'g] ePsfn] cfhef]nL b"/ lzIff k4ltdfk{mt\ v'nf lzIff ;~rfng x'―b} cfPsf] 5 . b"/ l;sfO k|lqmofnfO{ k|efjsf/L / nlIft ;d"xsf] cfjZostf k"lt{ ug] { clek|fon] ljsf; ePsf] b"/ lzIff k4ltdf ;d]t lxhf]cfh Jofks ¿kdf ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5 . b"/ lzIffdf l;Sg] / l;sfpg] kIfsf] ;do / e"uf]nsf] lx;fan] 5'§f5'§} x'g] / v'nf l;sfOdf w]/} nrstf x'g] ePsfn] u'0f:t/sf] k|Zg p7\g] ePsfn] lxhf]cfh v'nf l;sfOsf] nrstfnfO{ s]xL Go'gLs/0f u/L o;nfO{ b"/ lzIffsf d"No / dfGotf sfod} /fvL lzIf0f l;sfO k|lqmof ;~rfng ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . o; gof― k4ltnfO{ v'nf tyf b"/ l;sfO cyf{t\ cf]l8Pn k|0ffnL elgG5 . To;}n] lxhf]cfh b"/ lzIff / v'nf l;sfOsf] ax;nfO{ cGTo u/L v'nf tyf b"/ l;sfO eGg yflnPsf] 5 . lxhf]cfh v'nf tyf b"/ l;sfOdf sfo{qmdsf ;~rfns÷;xhstf{ / l;sf?x¿ cfdg] ;fdg] ga;]klg sDKo'6/ / OG6/g]6sf] dfWodaf6 k/:k/df glhs cfO{ cGtlqm{of ug] { k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; eO;s]sf] 5 . o;/L ;xhstf{ / ljBfyL{x¿ cfdg] ;fdg] ga:g] t/ klg cfdg] ;fdg] a;] h:t} u/L Ps cfk; / k/:k/df s'/fsfgL tyf cGtlqm{of ug] { cb[Zo sIffnfO{ sfNklgs sIffsf]7f
- Page 185 and 186: lrqsnf / x:tsnf -l;h{gfTds snf_ $=
- Page 187 and 188: 177 � dgf]gog jf 5gf]6 ePsf avt k
- Page 189 and 190: gd'gf k|Zgx¿ nfdf] pQ/ cfpg] k|Zg
- Page 191 and 192: t/sf/L afnLdf nfUg] /f]u 181 cf―v
- Page 193 and 194: 183 cg'df]bg tyf kfl/t ug] { / cfjZ
- Page 195 and 196: 185 cf_ :yfgLo lgsfodf :yfgLo hgtfs
- Page 197 and 198: 187 ;+:s[t lzIff ;+:s[t efiffnfO{ ;
- Page 199 and 200: 189 v_ @)!* ;fn;Ddsf] ;+:s[t lzIff
- Page 201 and 202: 191 ;+:s[tsf ljifoj:t' ;+:s[t eflif
- Page 203 and 204: 193 n]lvPsf 5g\ . lnR5ljsfnLg sl/a
- Page 205 and 206: 195 g]kfnLx¿nfO{ cfly{s kmfObf k'u
- Page 207 and 208: 197 3_ n]vg ;Lk;―u ;Da4 lzIf0fl;s
- Page 209 and 210: fli6«o � ;+:s[tsf] pRr lzIffsf n
- Page 211 and 212: 201 s_ ;+:s[t ljBfsf] ljsf;sf nflu
- Page 213 and 214: gd'gf k|Zgx¿ 5f]6f] pQ/ cfpg] k|Zg
- Page 215 and 216: 205 dft[efiff g]kfn ax'eflifs b]z x
- Page 217 and 218: 207 o;y{ o;sf] kf7\oqmd ljdf{0fsf n
- Page 219 and 220: 209 sfd;―u kl/lrt tyf sfdk|lt ;sf
- Page 221 and 222: 211 6= j}slNks pmhf{ -;f}o{ pmhf{_
- Page 223 and 224: 213 sfo{ynf]df g/d ;Lk -soft skills
- Page 225 and 226: 215 pbfx/0f Hard skill soft skills
- Page 227 and 228: 217 13= ljleGg wft'sf -;'g rf―bL,
- Page 229 and 230: 219 k];f of]hgfsf cª\ux¿ -Compone
- Page 231 and 232: 221 k];f ;d"xLs/0f -Career clusters
- Page 233 and 234: 223 � To;}n] pBdL l;sfO eg]sf] cj
- Page 235: 225 c¿df ;sf/fTds k|efj -impressio
- Page 239 and 240: { qm= ljj/0f km/skg ;= lgoldt lzIff
- Page 241 and 242: 231 7= o; k|0ffnL ldl8ofsf] k|of]u
- Page 243 and 244: 233 xfl;n ug{ g;Sg] ;d"xnfO{ qmdzM
- Page 245 and 246: 235 u_ ;+r]tLs/0f lzIff -!(&) kZrft
- Page 247 and 248: 237 ug'{, k];f Joj;fosf 1fg ;Lk l;S
- Page 249 and 250: 239 u_ j}slNks tyf v'nf ljBfno lzIf
- Page 251 and 252: 241 qmddf ckgfOg] lqmofsnfkx¿df k|
- Page 253 and 254: 243 kIf >Jo Sof;]6sf] sdhf]/ eP tfk
- Page 255 and 256: em_ df]afOn kmf]g lxhf]cfh lzIf0f l
- Page 257 and 258: 247 5= ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlwdf cfP
- Page 259 and 260: { cg';Gwfg ug'{kg] x'G5 . / 5f]6f]
- Page 261 and 262: 251 of]hgf (Plan) � s'g If]qdf kl
- Page 263 and 264: 253 s'g} klg ljifoIf]qdf sfo{d"ns c
- Page 265 and 266: 255 � cg';Gwfg slxn]b]lv ;'? x'G5
- Page 267: gd'gf k|Zgx¿ 1= sfo{d"ns cg';Gwfg
226<br />
pTkfbgsf] :t/Lotfsf] ;DaGwdf c¿nfO{ k|efj kfg{ ;Sg' kb{5 . o;f] ug{ ;s]df dfq c¿df<br />
Tof] pTkflbt j:t' tyf ;]jfk|lt ljZjf; / cfsif{0f l;h{gf x'g hfG5 h;sf] kmn:j¿k pTkflbt<br />
;]jf jf ;fdu|LnfO{ pkef]Qmfn] :jLsfg{ ] / d"No r'sfpg tof/ x'g] x'G5g\ . o;/L c¿nfO{ k|efj<br />
kfg{ ;Sg] ;Lk g} g/d ;Lk xf] .<br />
To;}n] olb xfdL;―u sfd ug] { k|fljlws 1fg ;Lk 5 t/ soft skills sdhf]/ 5 eg] xfdL ;kmn<br />
x'g ;Sb}gf} ― . k|fljlws 1fg ;Lksf] cfk\mg} dxŒj 5 . k|fljlws ;Lkn] pTkfbg ul/g] ;]jf /<br />
;fdu|Lsf] u'0f:t/ tyf ef}lts :j¿knfO{ /fd|f] agfpg ;S5 t/ Tof] slt xb;Dd sfd nfUg] /<br />
/fd|f] xf] eGg] s'/fsf] cg'e"lt u/fpg To;sf] af/]df ;~rf/, k|rf/ k|;f/ ug'{<br />
cfjZos x'G5 .<br />
o;f] ug{ ;s]df dfq u|fxs ju{df To;k|ltsf] dxŒj tyf pkof]usf] /fd|f] ;~rf/ x'g hfG5 .<br />
o;af6 To; pTkfbgsf] d"No k|fKt x'G5 . of] sfo{sf nflu g/d ;Lk geO x'―+b}g<br />
. To;}n]<br />
k|fljlws 1fg ;Lk / soft skills sf b'O{ lkn/n] ;kmntf ;'lglZrt u5{g\ .
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