view - National Center for Education Development
view - National Center for Education Development
view - National Center for Education Development
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
205<br />
dft[efiff<br />
g]kfn ax'eflifs b]z xf] . o; b]zdf (@ efiff k|rngdf /x]sf 5g\ . o;y{ ;a} efiffefifL ;Da4<br />
;d'bfosf] eflifs xs / clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ub{ } ;dfg cj;/ k|bfg ug{ ljBfno txb]lv g}<br />
dft[efiffdf lzIff lbg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] xf] . ;fy} g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# n] g]kfndf<br />
af]lng] ;a} dft[efiffx¿ /fi6«efiff x'g\ egL tf]lslbPsf] 5 . To;}u/L k|To]s ;d'bfonfO{ sfg'gdf<br />
Joj:yf ePcg';f/ cfk\mgf] dft[efiffdf cfwf/e"t tx;Ddsf] lzIff kfpg] clwsf/ x'g] 5 egL<br />
dft[efiffnfO{ df}lns xssf ¿kdf ;+j}wflgs k|Tofe"lt lbOPsf] 5 . oxL ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf tyf<br />
/fli6«o kf7\oqmd k|f¿k / ljBfno If]q ;'wf/ of]hgf h:tf b:tfj]hn] JoJo:yf u/] cg';f/<br />
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 kf7\oqmd tyf kf7\o;fdu|L ljsf;sf nflu k|fljlws ;xof]u k|bfg ug] {<br />
ul/Psf] 5 .<br />
/fli6«o kf7\oqmd k|f¿k<br />
� sIff !–# df afnaflnsfx¿n] cfk\mgf] dft[efiffdf l;Sg] cj;/ k|fKt ug] { 5g\ .<br />
ljBfno If]q ;'wf/ of]hgf<br />
� cfwf/e"t lzIffsf] k|f/lDes txsf lzIfsx¿nfO{ dft[efiffnfO{ lzIf0fsf] dfWodsf ¿kdf<br />
k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]u/L ;Ifd agfOg] 5 .<br />
:yfgLo ;/sf/n] dft[efiff lzIf0fsf nflu k|fljlws / cfly{s ;|f]t ;fwg pknAw u/fpg] 5 .<br />
ljZj lzIff ;ª\3åf/f ;g\ @))) df 8sf/df ;a} /fi6«n] ;g\ @)!% ;Dddf ;a}sf nflu lzIff<br />
sfo{qmdsf] nIo k"/f ug] { p2]Zo /fv]cg'¿k g]kfnn] klg pQm sfo{qmdk|lt k|lta4tf hfx]/ u/]sf]<br />
5 . ;x;|fAbL ljsf;sf nIox¿df ljZjJofkL¿kdf cfwf/e"t lzIff k|fKt ug] { nIo /x]sfn]<br />
;f]cg'¿k cfjlws of]hgfx¿df ;a}sf nflu lzIff sfo{qmdnfO{ qmlds ¿kdf sfof{Gjog ub} {<br />
n}hfg] / tbg'¿k ;+:yfut, Joj:yfksLo Pjd\ ef}lts cfwf/x¿df ;'wf/ ug] { gLlt /x]sf] 5 .<br />
o;sf nflu ljBfno lzÔfsf] kf7\oqmdnfO{ pQm p2]Zo;―u ;dlGjt u/L ljleGg txdf ePsf<br />
cGt/lqmof, 5nkmn, cg';Gwfg / ljz]if1sf ljrf/sf cfwf/df ljBfno txsf kf7\oqmdnfO{<br />
/fi6«sf] cfjZostf / ;do;fk]Ô x'g] u/L sfof{Gjog ub} { nluPsf] 5 . ctM lzI0f l;sfOnfO{<br />
;xh agfO ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ cfslif{t ug{ klg dft[efiffdf lzIff lbg clgjfo{ dflgG5 . pQm<br />
;Gbe{s} cfwf/df ljBfno lzIffsf] kf7\oqmd cGtu{t k|fylds lzIff kf7\oqmd -sIff $–%_,<br />
@)^% / cfwf/e"t lzIff kf7\oqmd sIff ^–* -k/LIf0f_ @)^* n] dft[efiffnfO{ lgDgfg';f/n]<br />
Jojl:yt ug{ ] of]hgf agfPsf] kfOG5 M<br />
s_ ljBfnodf k7gkf7g x'g] dft[efiffsf] 5gf]6 ubf{ ax';ª\Vos ljBfyL{n] af]Ng] dft[efiff 5gf]6<br />
ug'{kg]<br />
{ 5 . - k|fylds lzIff kf7\oqmd sIff $–%_,<br />
v_ ljBfnodf k7gkf7g x'g] dft[efiffsf] 5gf]6 kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f, kf7\ok':ts ljsf; tyf<br />
sfof{Gjog :yfgLo lgsfosf] k/fdz{df ljBfno jf ;DalGwt z}lIfs ;+:yf cfk} ―mn] ug] { 5 .<br />
- cfwf/e"t lzIff kf7\oqmd sIff ^–* -k/LIf0f_ @)^* _