view - National Center for Education Development
view - National Center for Education Development view - National Center for Education Development
178 lzIffsf sfo{qmdsf ;fy} kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f, sfof{Gjog, cg'udg tyf lg/Gt/ kl/dfh{gsf sfo{ cl3 a9fpg ;lsG5 . ;Gbe{ ;fdu|Lx¿ != :yfgLo kf7\oqmd ;|f]t ;fdu|L, @)^&, kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb| @= :yfgLo kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f lgb] {lzsf -@)^#_ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb| . #= /fli6«o kf7\oqmd k|f¿k, -@)^#_ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb| . $= dfWolds lzIff kf7\oqmddf :yfgLo ljifo ;dflji6tfsf] ;Defjgf;DaGwL cWoog k|ltj]bg -@)^@_ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb| . %= :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g / lgodfjnL, sfg'g lstfa Joj:yf ;ldlt, sf7df8f}― . ^= g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# . &= k|fylds lzIff kf7\oqmd, @)^@ -sIff !–#_ / @)^% -sIff $ / %_ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb| . *= lzIffzf:q / g]kfndf lzIff, @)^%, cflzif k':ts e08f/, sf7df8f} + . (= /fli6«o lzIff k4ltsf] of]hgf @)@* .
gd'gf k|Zgx¿ nfdf] pQ/ cfpg] k|Zg s= s'g} Ps ljifoIf]q klxrfg u/L gd'gf :yfgLo kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f ug'{xf];\ . :yfgLo ljifosf ¿kdf t/sf/L v]tLnfO{ lnO{ kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f ubf{ lgDgfg';f/sf kIfnfO{ ;d]6\g h?/L 5 M kl/ro xfd|f] a;f]jf;sf] If]q / To; j/k/sf If]qdf t/sf/L v]tL eOcfPsf] y'k| } jif{ lalt;s]sf] 5 . o;y{ o; If]qsf cg'ejL s[ifs, lj1 nufotsf ;Da4 If]qsf ;/f]f/jfnfx¿ oxf+ oy]i6 dfqfdf kfOG5g\ . o;y{ t/sf/L v]tLnfO{ pkof]uL :yfgLo ljifosf ¿kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] xf] . t/sf/L v]tLcGtu{t lzIf0f l;sfOsf If]q ;d]6\g] nIo lnOPsf] 5 M � :yfgLo hftsf t/sf/Lsf] kl/ro -cfn', sfpnL, s/]nf, af]8L ;fu cflb_, t/sf/L v]tLsf] dxŒj, t/sf/L afnLdf nfUg] /f]u, sDkf]:6 dn, h}ljs dn, t/sf/Lsf] ahf/, t/sf/L v]tL ug] { tl/sf / t/sf/L v]tL ug] { cEof; . l;sfO pknlAw � :yfgLo hftsf t/sf/L gfd atfO{ ltgsf] kl/ro lbg, � t/sf/Lsf] dxŒj atfpg, � t/sf/L afnLdf nfUg] /f]u kQf nufO{ lj1sf] ;xof]udf pkrf/ ug{, � t/sf/Lsf] ahf/;DaGwL cfjZos hfgsf/L lng / lbg, � sDkf]:6 dn lrGg / k|of]u ug{, � t/sf/L v]tL ug] { tl/sf atfpg / v]tL ug{, � af/Ldf sfd u/]sf] x]g{ cjnf]sg e|d0f u/L pQm sfddf ;xof]u ug{ . ljifoj:t' ljifo If]q lgwf{/0fkl5 ;DalGwt ljifosf lj1 jf Joj;foLsf] ;xof]udf ljleGg sIffdf lzIf0fl;sfO x'g] ljifoj:t' klg 7Dofpg'kg] { x'G5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu cfwf/e"t tx -sIff !–%_ sf] t/sf/L v]tL ljifosf] :yfgLo kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f ubf{ lgDgfg';f/sf ljifoj:t' 5gf]6 ug{ ;lsG5 M ljifo If]q sIff ! sIff @ sIff # sIff $ sIff % :yfgLo hftsf ljleGg :yfgLo :yfgLo :yfgLo :yfgLo :t/df t/sf/Lsf] kl/ro t/sf/Lsf] gfd hftsf t/sf/Lsf] t/sf/Lsf] gof― v]tL ug{ t/sf/Lsf] kl/ro kl/ro ;lsg] ;fdfGo t/sf/Lsf] kl/ro kl/ro t/sf/Lsf] dxŒj :jf:Yo /fd|f] :j:y /fd|f] :jf:Yo /fd|f] t/sf/L v]tLsf t/sf/L 179
- Page 137 and 138: 127 &= w"dkfg tyf nfu"kbfy{ � :jf
- Page 139 and 140: { ljifoj:t''sf] If]q / qmd tflnsf I
- Page 141 and 142: 5= lszf]/fj:yf, of}g tyf k|hgg :jf:
- Page 143 and 144: 9= kfl/jfl/s / ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo 133
- Page 145 and 146: 135 zf/Ll/s lzIff zf/Ll/s lzIff - s
- Page 147 and 148: 137 kf7\oef/ ljt/0f tflnsf kf7\o Ps
- Page 149 and 150: 139 g;s]sf / :yfgLo rngdf /x]sf v]n
- Page 151 and 152: 141 4= 5ftL / 9f8sf] s;/t 5= hf]8Ld
- Page 153 and 154: ^= Pyn]l6S; 143 1= 5f]6f] bf}8 2= n
- Page 155 and 156: 145 { To:t} k"0ff{ª\s !) sf] zf/Ll
- Page 157 and 158: 147 lj1fg tyf jftfj/0f ljBfyL{df lj
- Page 159 and 160: k|ljlw nufpg], � ;"rgf / ;~rf/sf
- Page 161 and 162: jftfj/0f x|f; tyf o;sf] ;+/If0f jft
- Page 163 and 164: { ] � kl/of]hgf sfo{M ljBfyL{nfO{
- Page 165 and 166: 155 lj1fg ljifosf] lzIf0f ubf{ ljBf
- Page 167 and 168: gd'gf kf7 of]hgf ! zLif{s PsfOM ;fw
- Page 169 and 170: @= sIff ^ sf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ kbfy{sf
- Page 171 and 172: 161 � k|sfz gk/]sf] efudf /ª\xLg
- Page 173 and 174: 163 :yfgLo ljifo g]kfn hflt, efiff,
- Page 175 and 176: 165 � ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] ;lqmo ;xeflu
- Page 177 and 178: efiffefifL M :yfgLo :t/df af]lng] e
- Page 179 and 180: 169 ljifoj:t'sf] k|s[lt M p2]Zosf]
- Page 181 and 182: 171 ª= lzIf0fl;sfO lqmofsnfk lzIf0
- Page 183 and 184: 173 sfddf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;xefuL u/f
- Page 185 and 186: lrqsnf / x:tsnf -l;h{gfTds snf_ $=
- Page 187: 177 � dgf]gog jf 5gf]6 ePsf avt k
- Page 191 and 192: t/sf/L afnLdf nfUg] /f]u 181 cf―v
- Page 193 and 194: 183 cg'df]bg tyf kfl/t ug] { / cfjZ
- Page 195 and 196: 185 cf_ :yfgLo lgsfodf :yfgLo hgtfs
- Page 197 and 198: 187 ;+:s[t lzIff ;+:s[t efiffnfO{ ;
- Page 199 and 200: 189 v_ @)!* ;fn;Ddsf] ;+:s[t lzIff
- Page 201 and 202: 191 ;+:s[tsf ljifoj:t' ;+:s[t eflif
- Page 203 and 204: 193 n]lvPsf 5g\ . lnR5ljsfnLg sl/a
- Page 205 and 206: 195 g]kfnLx¿nfO{ cfly{s kmfObf k'u
- Page 207 and 208: 197 3_ n]vg ;Lk;―u ;Da4 lzIf0fl;s
- Page 209 and 210: fli6«o � ;+:s[tsf] pRr lzIffsf n
- Page 211 and 212: 201 s_ ;+:s[t ljBfsf] ljsf;sf nflu
- Page 213 and 214: gd'gf k|Zgx¿ 5f]6f] pQ/ cfpg] k|Zg
- Page 215 and 216: 205 dft[efiff g]kfn ax'eflifs b]z x
- Page 217 and 218: 207 o;y{ o;sf] kf7\oqmd ljdf{0fsf n
- Page 219 and 220: 209 sfd;―u kl/lrt tyf sfdk|lt ;sf
- Page 221 and 222: 211 6= j}slNks pmhf{ -;f}o{ pmhf{_
- Page 223 and 224: 213 sfo{ynf]df g/d ;Lk -soft skills
- Page 225 and 226: 215 pbfx/0f Hard skill soft skills
- Page 227 and 228: 217 13= ljleGg wft'sf -;'g rf―bL,
- Page 229 and 230: 219 k];f of]hgfsf cª\ux¿ -Compone
- Page 231 and 232: 221 k];f ;d"xLs/0f -Career clusters
- Page 233 and 234: 223 � To;}n] pBdL l;sfO eg]sf] cj
- Page 235 and 236: 225 c¿df ;sf/fTds k|efj -impressio
- Page 237 and 238: 227 cfw'lgs z}Ifl0fs k|ljlw tyf vf]
gd'gf k|Zgx¿<br />
nfdf] pQ/ cfpg] k|Zg<br />
s= s'g} Ps ljifoIf]q klxrfg u/L gd'gf :yfgLo kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f ug'{xf];\<br />
.<br />
:yfgLo ljifosf ¿kdf t/sf/L v]tLnfO{ lnO{ kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f ubf{ lgDgfg';f/sf kIfnfO{ ;d]6\g<br />
h?/L 5 M<br />
kl/ro<br />
xfd|f] a;f]jf;sf] If]q / To; j/k/sf If]qdf t/sf/L v]tL eOcfPsf] y'k| } jif{ lalt;s]sf] 5 .<br />
o;y{ o; If]qsf cg'ejL s[ifs, lj1 nufotsf ;Da4 If]qsf ;/f]f/jfnfx¿ oxf+ oy]i6 dfqfdf<br />
kfOG5g\ . o;y{ t/sf/L v]tLnfO{ pkof]uL :yfgLo ljifosf ¿kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] xf] . t/sf/L<br />
v]tLcGtu{t lzIf0f l;sfOsf If]q ;d]6\g] nIo lnOPsf] 5 M<br />
� :yfgLo hftsf t/sf/Lsf] kl/ro -cfn', sfpnL, s/]nf, af]8L ;fu cflb_, t/sf/L v]tLsf]<br />
dxŒj, t/sf/L afnLdf nfUg] /f]u, sDkf]:6 dn, h}ljs dn, t/sf/Lsf] ahf/, t/sf/L v]tL<br />
ug] { tl/sf / t/sf/L v]tL ug] { cEof; .<br />
l;sfO pknlAw<br />
� :yfgLo hftsf t/sf/L gfd atfO{ ltgsf] kl/ro lbg,<br />
� t/sf/Lsf] dxŒj atfpg,<br />
� t/sf/L afnLdf nfUg] /f]u kQf nufO{ lj1sf] ;xof]udf pkrf/ ug{,<br />
� t/sf/Lsf] ahf/;DaGwL cfjZos hfgsf/L lng / lbg,<br />
� sDkf]:6 dn lrGg / k|of]u ug{,<br />
� t/sf/L v]tL ug] { tl/sf atfpg / v]tL ug{,<br />
� af/Ldf sfd u/]sf] x]g{ cjnf]sg e|d0f u/L pQm sfddf ;xof]u ug{ .<br />
ljifoj:t'<br />
ljifo If]q lgwf{/0fkl5 ;DalGwt ljifosf lj1 jf Joj;foLsf] ;xof]udf ljleGg sIffdf<br />
lzIf0fl;sfO x'g] ljifoj:t' klg 7Dofpg'kg] { x'G5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu cfwf/e"t tx -sIff !–%_<br />
sf] t/sf/L v]tL ljifosf] :yfgLo kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f ubf{ lgDgfg';f/sf ljifoj:t' 5gf]6 ug{<br />
;lsG5 M<br />
ljifo If]q sIff ! sIff @ sIff # sIff $ sIff %<br />
:yfgLo hftsf ljleGg :yfgLo :yfgLo :yfgLo :yfgLo :t/df<br />
t/sf/Lsf] kl/ro t/sf/Lsf] gfd hftsf t/sf/Lsf] t/sf/Lsf] gof― v]tL ug{<br />
t/sf/Lsf] kl/ro kl/ro ;lsg]<br />
;fdfGo<br />
t/sf/Lsf]<br />
kl/ro<br />
kl/ro<br />
t/sf/Lsf] dxŒj :jf:Yo /fd|f] :j:y /fd|f] :jf:Yo /fd|f] t/sf/L v]tLsf t/sf/L<br />
179