Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Plantae
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KINGDOM PLANTAE
Increase<br />
O 2<br />
Autotroph<br />
Produce<br />
Carbohydrate<br />
Plant in Ecosystem<br />
Decrease<br />
CO 2<br />
http://www.crpusd.org/goldridge/pictures/FoodWeb6.jpg
Plant and Global Warming<br />
http://www.commondreams.org/archive/wp-content/photos/0410_07.jpg
Plant Pigments : Pigment for Energy<br />
http://www.biology.iupui.edu/biocourses/N100/images/ch9chloroplast.jpg<br />
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/pigment.gif
Taxonomic Group<br />
Cyanobacteria<br />
Chloroxybacteria<br />
Green Algae (Chlorophyta)<br />
Red Algae (Rhodophyta)<br />
Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)<br />
Golden-brown Algae<br />
(Chrysophyta)<br />
Dinoflagellates (Pyrrhophyta)<br />
Vascular Plants<br />
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll b<br />
Photosynthetic Pigments<br />
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin<br />
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll b, carotenoids<br />
chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin, phycobilins<br />
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, fucoxanthin and other<br />
carotenoids<br />
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, fucoxanthin and other<br />
carotenoids<br />
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, peridinin and other carotenoids<br />
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll b, carotenoids
Plant Evolution<br />
Green Algae -> Plant<br />
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia/<br />
Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/NonvascularPlants.htm
PLANT VS GREEN ALGAE<br />
What are the difference?<br />
What are the same?<br />
Chala Hydrilla<br />
http://www.scientificillustrator.com/art/botanical/chara.jpg<br />
http://weeds.hotmeal.net/weeds/Hydrilla_Verticillata.jpg
Alternation of Generation<br />
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia/<br />
Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/lifecycle.gif<br />
http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/16cm05/16labman05/lb3pg6_files/image002.jpg
Plant and Technology<br />
Tissue<br />
Cell<br />
Callus<br />
Plant<br />
http://www.cropsci.uiuc.edu/classes/cpsc112/images/PGR/Callus.jpg<br />
http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/devel/c7.21.5.carrot.jpg
Generate, Differentiate, Dedifferentiate<br />
STEM CELL<br />
CLONING TECHNOLOGY
Flowering<br />
Plant Response<br />
Phytochrome<br />
Plastid development<br />
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Plastids_types.svg/220px-Plastids_types.svg.png<br />
http://www.biology.lsu.edu/webfac/dlongstreth/plphys/lectur107.jpg
Guard cell<br />
Plant Response<br />
Water and Moisture<br />
Hydrotropism<br />
http://virtualastronaut.tietronix.com/textonly/act25/images/hydrotropism.gif<br />
http://www.sci.kmitnb.ac.th/sn/Media/Science/Cell/images/cell/5GUARDCELL.jpg
• Signal received : blue light<br />
• pumping protons (H+) : loss of<br />
positive charge<br />
• Potassium ions (K+) enter the guard<br />
cell : the osmotic pressure is lowered<br />
• water enter the cell : hydrostatic<br />
pressure increases<br />
• The pressure causes the shape of the<br />
guard cells to change and a pore is<br />
formed, allowing gas exchange.<br />
http://plantandsoil.unl.edu/croptechnology2005/UserFiles/Image/siteImages/K+_opne&closed-LG.gif
Phototropism<br />
http://virtualastronaut.tietronix.com/textonly/act25/images/phototropism.gif<br />
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/library/cat-removed/tropism.gif
Left or Right?
Plant and Vibration<br />
Carnivorous plants Sleeping grass<br />
http://202.29.77.139/articles/article84/images/pic02.jpg<br />
http://www.geocities.com/carniv_plants/flytrap2.jpg
Plant Communication<br />
Colour Chemical<br />
http://www.maltawildplants.com/ORCH/Pics/OPHBO/T/OPHBO-Flower26.jpg<br />
http://www.villageinfo.co.nz/images/bee_flower_2_free.jpg
Plant Communication<br />
Giraffe eat me!!!<br />
VS<br />
Tannin<br />
Tannin<br />
http://www.veeriku.tartu.ee/~ppensa/Acacia1.jpg<br />
http://www.wild-tracks.com/Giraff.JPG
Plant Taxon<br />
Period of the Ancients ก�อนคริสต�ศักราช 300 ป� ค.ศ.1500<br />
Theophrastus<br />
Period of the Herbalists ค.ศ.1500-1580<br />
Perfecti and Imperfecti<br />
Pollen<br />
Period of Mechanical Systems ค.ศ.1580-1760<br />
C. Linnaeus<br />
http://obits.eons.com/obits/tributes/carolus_linnaeus/11110-1-photo.jpg<br />
http://www.malaspina.com/jpg/theophrastus.jpg
Period of Natural System ค.ศ.1760-1880<br />
Period of Phylogenic System ค.ศ.1880-ป�จจุบัน<br />
Subkingdom<br />
Thallobionta<br />
Subkingdom<br />
Embryobionta<br />
Arthur Cronquist<br />
http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/libr/finding_guide/images/cronqst.jpg
Subkingdom Embryobionta<br />
Non vascular plants<br />
Vascular plants without seeds<br />
Gymnosperms<br />
Angiosperm<br />
Whittacker<br />
Algae<br />
Bryophyte<br />
Tracheophyte
http://ridge.icu.ac.jp/gen-ed/lower-plants-gifs/12b-diag-plant-divs.JPG
Non vascular system<br />
No lignified tissues<br />
Non Vascular Plants<br />
Protonema like green algae<br />
Moss protonema<br />
http://gallery.criticalmoss.net/cache/moss_Moss.png_400.jpg<br />
http://web.grcc.edu/biosci/pictdata/bi103/461-h.jpg
Gametophyte<br />
Sporophyte<br />
Archaegonium<br />
Antheridium<br />
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia/<br />
Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/NonvascularPlants.htm
http://hypnea.botany.uwc.ac.za/phylogeny/bioCycles/images/moss_cycle.gif
Phylloid<br />
Cauloid<br />
Rhizoid<br />
http://www.nccpg.com/Images/MH23.gif<br />
http://www.aquamoss.net/images/Moss-Sporophyte-02.jpg
Moss -> Peat<br />
Sulfurdioxide sensitive -> Air pollution detector<br />
Agriculture<br />
http://www-tc.pbs.org/wgbh/victorygarden/images/victorygardens/othergardens/gardenwoods/green_moss_lg_2.jpg?Log=0<br />
http://www.palmco.co.kr/pro5.jpg
Dichotomous<br />
Branching<br />
Division Hepatophyta<br />
Liverworts : Liver + wort (herb)<br />
Thallus Leafy<br />
http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/878/20239114.JPG<br />
http://www.ubcbotanicalgarden.org/potd/porella_cordaeana.jpg
Gametophyte Sporophyte
Antheridiophores<br />
Archegoniophores<br />
http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/211L/Bryoph/%20BryoINDX1.htm
Division Anthocerophyta<br />
Archegonium embed in<br />
Gametophyte<br />
One chloroplast/cell<br />
Pyrenoid<br />
Hornworts<br />
Anthoceros<br />
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Bryophytes/Anthocerophyta/ Hornwort_w_sporophytes.low.jpg
http://home.manhattan.edu/~frances.cardillo/plants/nonvas/antho1.gif<br />
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Bryophytes/Anthocerophyta/Anthoceros.low.jpg
Leafy shoot<br />
Division Bryophyta<br />
http://www2.auckland.ac.nz/info/schools/nzplants/images/moss/moss_major_parts1.jpg
Moss cell<br />
Photosynthesis<br />
Living<br />
die<br />
Water Storage<br />
http://www7.ocn.ne.jp/~hattorib/moss025.jpg
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/regions/pacificnorthwest/ToolboxMeadow/ images/sphagnum_squarrosum_lg.jpg<br />
http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/16cm05/1116/29-16-PolytrichumLifeCyc-L3.gif
Vascular system<br />
Ligninified tissue<br />
Vascular Plant<br />
http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=8703&rendTypeId=4<br />
http://www.ccrc.uga.edu/~mao/intro/Secwall.gif
Division Tracheophyta<br />
Subdivision Psilopsida<br />
Subdivision Locopsida<br />
Subdivision Sphenopsida<br />
Subdivision Pteropsida<br />
Subdivision Spermopsida
Whisk fern<br />
Subdivision Psilopsida<br />
Psilotum<br />
Tmesipteris<br />
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/psi_nud_mid.jpg
Dichotomous branching<br />
Vascular<br />
Only Stem<br />
Rhizoid<br />
Scale leave<br />
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia<br />
/Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/NonvascularPlants.htm
Sporophyte Gametophyte<br />
Sporangia : Homospore
antheridium<br />
archegonium<br />
Gametophyte
http://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio111/images/ferns/ferns.17.jpg
Subdivision Lycopsida<br />
Vascular<br />
Root Stem Leave<br />
Sporophyte Gametophyte
Lycopodium<br />
Strobilus<br />
Microphyll<br />
Sporophyll<br />
Homospore<br />
http://flora.nhm-wien.ac.at/Bilder-G-O/Lycopodium-annotinum-2.jpg<br />
http://www.kingsnake.com/westindian/lycopodiumsp1.JPG
Selaginella<br />
Heterospore<br />
http://www.mygarden.me.uk/Selaginella%20braunii.jpg<br />
http://www.ustboniface.mb.ca/cusb/abernier/Plantes/selaginella.jpg
http://www.palaeos.com/Plants/Lists/Glossary/Images/SelaginellaCycle.gif
Horse Tail<br />
Subdivision Sphenopsida<br />
Segment<br />
Silica<br />
Whorled<br />
Homospore<br />
http://www.puc.edu/Faculty/Gilbert_Muth/art0058.jpg
http://vltk.vuichoi.info/071108-1940-3745e805.jpg<br />
http://www.missouriplants.com/Ferns/Equisetum_hymenale_plant.jpg
Subdivision Pteropsida<br />
Marattia salicina<br />
Fern<br />
http://www.subtropicals.co.nz/fernms.jpg
Terrestrial fern<br />
X-mas fern<br />
Salvinia<br />
Azolla<br />
Aquatic fern<br />
http://www.nathankramer.com/garden/plants/ferns/fern_christmas.jpg
Medical Eatable<br />
Cibotium sp.<br />
Marsilia sp.<br />
http://members.lycos.nl/afun210457/images/drijfplanten/marsilia%20mutica.jpg<br />
http://www.doa.go.th/pl_data/03_REGULATION/Seed/Cites/pic%20thaiplant /cibotium%20barometz.jpg
Adventition Root<br />
Rhizome<br />
Frond<br />
http://caliban.mpiz-koeln.mpg.de/~stueber/lindman/499.jpg<br />
http://www.puc.edu/Faculty/Gilbert_Muth/art0048.jpg
Circinate vernation<br />
http://sparkleberrysprings.com/v-web/b2/images/ferns/ferncircvern.jpg<br />
http://www.eske-style.co.nz/images/Punga%20Frond.jpg
Reproduction<br />
Walking fern<br />
Asplenium rhizophllum
Sporania : Sori<br />
Abaxial surface<br />
Sporocarp
http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=72159&rendTypeId=35
Subdivision Spermopsida<br />
Angiospermae Gymnosperm<br />
Pteridospermae<br />
Cycadae<br />
Gingkoae<br />
(Nake seed)<br />
Gnetopsida<br />
Coniferae
Class Pteridospermae<br />
Seed fern<br />
<br />
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/ Neuropteris.JPG/450px-Neuropteris.JPG<br />
http://www.seedbiology.de/images/emplectopteris1.jpg
Class Cycadae<br />
Cycads<br />
C. circinalis C. siamensis<br />
http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/903/718172.JPG<br />
http://www.pacsoa.org.au/cycads/Cycas/siamensis1.jpg)
Male cone Female cone<br />
http://www.pacsoa.org.au/cycads/Cycas/revoluta04.jpg<br />
http://www.botany.uga.edu/images/greenhouses/cycad53.jpg
Class Ginkgoae<br />
Ginkgo<br />
http://www.cirrusimage.com/Trees/ginkgo_tree_med.jpg<br />
http://www.rosevilletrees.org/trees/images/ginkgo.jpg
http://www.herbs.org/greenpapers/ginkgo.jpg<br />
http://www.stanford.edu/group/hopes/treatmts/antiox/f_k01ginkgo.jpg
Seed<br />
Male strobilus<br />
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/G/GinkgoLGR.jpg<br />
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Ginkgo_biloba_Inflorescences.jpg
Class Coniferae<br />
Pine<br />
Spruce<br />
Fir<br />
Cedar<br />
Juniper<br />
Larch<br />
Hemlock<br />
Cypress<br />
Yew<br />
Redwood<br />
Conifer<br />
http://www.flowersociety.org/images/Essences/Research/Redwood/redwood-trunk.jpg
Colour changing<br />
http://www.hort.wisc.edu/mastergardener/Features/woodies/larch/larch-seasons.jpg
http://www.science.siu.edu/landplants/Coniferophyta/images/Pine.needles.JPEG<br />
http://www.billcasselman.com/yew.jpg
Monoecious<br />
http://web.gccaz.edu/~lsola/NonFlwr/conif105.htm
Pine life cycle<br />
http://hypnea.botany.uwc.ac.za/phylogeny/bioCycles/images/pine-cycle.gif
Class Gnetopsida<br />
Gnetum gnemon L.<br />
Welwitschia >><br />
Class Angiospermae<br />
Magnoliopsida<br />
(Dicotyledons)<br />
Magnoliophyta<br />
Anthophyta (Angiosperms)<br />
Liliopsida<br />
(Monocotyledons)
Monocots VS Dicots<br />
http://hawaii.hawaii.edu/laurab/generalbotany/images/monocots%20vs%20dicots.jpg
http://cyberlab.lh1.ku.ac.th/elearn/faculty/fisher/fi15/web/images/tmp/stems%20model.jpg
http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=72162&rendTypeId=35
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/flcycle.gif