Kingdom Plantae

KINGDOM PLANTAE

Increase
O 2
Autotroph
Produce
Carbohydrate
Plant in Ecosystem
Decrease
CO 2
http://www.crpusd.org/goldridge/pictures/FoodWeb6.jpg

Plant and Global Warming
http://www.commondreams.org/archive/wp-content/photos/0410_07.jpg

Plant Pigments : Pigment for Energy
http://www.biology.iupui.edu/biocourses/N100/images/ch9chloroplast.jpg
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/pigment.gif

Taxonomic Group
Cyanobacteria
Chloroxybacteria
Green Algae (Chlorophyta)
Red Algae (Rhodophyta)
Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)
Golden-brown Algae
(Chrysophyta)
Dinoflagellates (Pyrrhophyta)
Vascular Plants
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll b
Photosynthetic Pigments
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll b, carotenoids
chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin, phycobilins
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, fucoxanthin and other
carotenoids
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, fucoxanthin and other
carotenoids
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, peridinin and other carotenoids
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll b, carotenoids

Plant Evolution
Green Algae -> Plant
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia/
Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/NonvascularPlants.htm

PLANT VS GREEN ALGAE
What are the difference?
What are the same?
Chala Hydrilla
http://www.scientificillustrator.com/art/botanical/chara.jpg
http://weeds.hotmeal.net/weeds/Hydrilla_Verticillata.jpg

Alternation of Generation
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia/
Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/lifecycle.gif
http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/16cm05/16labman05/lb3pg6_files/image002.jpg

Plant and Technology
Tissue
Cell
Callus
Plant
http://www.cropsci.uiuc.edu/classes/cpsc112/images/PGR/Callus.jpg
http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/devel/c7.21.5.carrot.jpg

Generate, Differentiate, Dedifferentiate
STEM CELL
CLONING TECHNOLOGY

Flowering
Plant Response
Phytochrome
Plastid development
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Plastids_types.svg/220px-Plastids_types.svg.png
http://www.biology.lsu.edu/webfac/dlongstreth/plphys/lectur107.jpg

Guard cell
Plant Response
Water and Moisture
Hydrotropism
http://virtualastronaut.tietronix.com/textonly/act25/images/hydrotropism.gif
http://www.sci.kmitnb.ac.th/sn/Media/Science/Cell/images/cell/5GUARDCELL.jpg

• Signal received : blue light
• pumping protons (H+) : loss of
positive charge
• Potassium ions (K+) enter the guard
cell : the osmotic pressure is lowered
• water enter the cell : hydrostatic
pressure increases
• The pressure causes the shape of the
guard cells to change and a pore is
formed, allowing gas exchange.
http://plantandsoil.unl.edu/croptechnology2005/UserFiles/Image/siteImages/K+_opne&closed-LG.gif

Phototropism
http://virtualastronaut.tietronix.com/textonly/act25/images/phototropism.gif
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/library/cat-removed/tropism.gif

Left or Right?

Plant and Vibration
Carnivorous plants Sleeping grass
http://202.29.77.139/articles/article84/images/pic02.jpg
http://www.geocities.com/carniv_plants/flytrap2.jpg

Plant Communication
Colour Chemical
http://www.maltawildplants.com/ORCH/Pics/OPHBO/T/OPHBO-Flower26.jpg
http://www.villageinfo.co.nz/images/bee_flower_2_free.jpg

Plant Communication
Giraffe eat me!!!
VS
Tannin
Tannin
http://www.veeriku.tartu.ee/~ppensa/Acacia1.jpg
http://www.wild-tracks.com/Giraff.JPG

Plant Taxon
Period of the Ancients ก�อนคริสต�ศักราช 300 ป� ค.ศ.1500
Theophrastus
Period of the Herbalists ค.ศ.1500-1580
Perfecti and Imperfecti
Pollen
Period of Mechanical Systems ค.ศ.1580-1760
C. Linnaeus
http://obits.eons.com/obits/tributes/carolus_linnaeus/11110-1-photo.jpg
http://www.malaspina.com/jpg/theophrastus.jpg

Period of Natural System ค.ศ.1760-1880
Period of Phylogenic System ค.ศ.1880-ป�จจุบัน
Subkingdom
Thallobionta
Subkingdom
Embryobionta
Arthur Cronquist
http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/libr/finding_guide/images/cronqst.jpg

Subkingdom Embryobionta
Non vascular plants
Vascular plants without seeds
Gymnosperms
Angiosperm
Whittacker
Algae
Bryophyte
Tracheophyte

http://ridge.icu.ac.jp/gen-ed/lower-plants-gifs/12b-diag-plant-divs.JPG

Non vascular system
No lignified tissues
Non Vascular Plants
Protonema like green algae
Moss protonema
http://gallery.criticalmoss.net/cache/moss_Moss.png_400.jpg
http://web.grcc.edu/biosci/pictdata/bi103/461-h.jpg

Gametophyte
Sporophyte
Archaegonium
Antheridium
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia/
Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/NonvascularPlants.htm

http://hypnea.botany.uwc.ac.za/phylogeny/bioCycles/images/moss_cycle.gif

Phylloid
Cauloid
Rhizoid
http://www.nccpg.com/Images/MH23.gif
http://www.aquamoss.net/images/Moss-Sporophyte-02.jpg

Moss -> Peat
Sulfurdioxide sensitive -> Air pollution detector
Agriculture
http://www-tc.pbs.org/wgbh/victorygarden/images/victorygardens/othergardens/gardenwoods/green_moss_lg_2.jpg?Log=0
http://www.palmco.co.kr/pro5.jpg

Dichotomous
Branching
Division Hepatophyta
Liverworts : Liver + wort (herb)
Thallus Leafy
http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/878/20239114.JPG
http://www.ubcbotanicalgarden.org/potd/porella_cordaeana.jpg

Gametophyte Sporophyte

Antheridiophores
Archegoniophores
http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/211L/Bryoph/%20BryoINDX1.htm

Division Anthocerophyta
Archegonium embed in
Gametophyte
One chloroplast/cell
Pyrenoid
Hornworts
Anthoceros
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Bryophytes/Anthocerophyta/ Hornwort_w_sporophytes.low.jpg

http://home.manhattan.edu/~frances.cardillo/plants/nonvas/antho1.gif
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Bryophytes/Anthocerophyta/Anthoceros.low.jpg

Leafy shoot
Division Bryophyta
http://www2.auckland.ac.nz/info/schools/nzplants/images/moss/moss_major_parts1.jpg

Moss cell
Photosynthesis
Living
die
Water Storage
http://www7.ocn.ne.jp/~hattorib/moss025.jpg

http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/regions/pacificnorthwest/ToolboxMeadow/ images/sphagnum_squarrosum_lg.jpg
http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/16cm05/1116/29-16-PolytrichumLifeCyc-L3.gif

Vascular system
Ligninified tissue
Vascular Plant
http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=8703&rendTypeId=4
http://www.ccrc.uga.edu/~mao/intro/Secwall.gif

Division Tracheophyta
Subdivision Psilopsida
Subdivision Locopsida
Subdivision Sphenopsida
Subdivision Pteropsida
Subdivision Spermopsida

Whisk fern
Subdivision Psilopsida
Psilotum
Tmesipteris
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/psi_nud_mid.jpg

Dichotomous branching
Vascular
Only Stem
Rhizoid
Scale leave
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia
/Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/NonvascularPlants.htm

Sporophyte Gametophyte
Sporangia : Homospore

antheridium
archegonium
Gametophyte

http://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio111/images/ferns/ferns.17.jpg

Subdivision Lycopsida
Vascular
Root Stem Leave
Sporophyte Gametophyte

Lycopodium
Strobilus
Microphyll
Sporophyll
Homospore
http://flora.nhm-wien.ac.at/Bilder-G-O/Lycopodium-annotinum-2.jpg
http://www.kingsnake.com/westindian/lycopodiumsp1.JPG

Selaginella
Heterospore
http://www.mygarden.me.uk/Selaginella%20braunii.jpg
http://www.ustboniface.mb.ca/cusb/abernier/Plantes/selaginella.jpg

http://www.palaeos.com/Plants/Lists/Glossary/Images/SelaginellaCycle.gif

Horse Tail
Subdivision Sphenopsida
Segment
Silica
Whorled
Homospore
http://www.puc.edu/Faculty/Gilbert_Muth/art0058.jpg

http://vltk.vuichoi.info/071108-1940-3745e805.jpg
http://www.missouriplants.com/Ferns/Equisetum_hymenale_plant.jpg

Subdivision Pteropsida
Marattia salicina
Fern
http://www.subtropicals.co.nz/fernms.jpg

Terrestrial fern
X-mas fern
Salvinia
Azolla
Aquatic fern
http://www.nathankramer.com/garden/plants/ferns/fern_christmas.jpg

Medical Eatable
Cibotium sp.
Marsilia sp.
http://members.lycos.nl/afun210457/images/drijfplanten/marsilia%20mutica.jpg
http://www.doa.go.th/pl_data/03_REGULATION/Seed/Cites/pic%20thaiplant /cibotium%20barometz.jpg

Adventition Root
Rhizome
Frond
http://caliban.mpiz-koeln.mpg.de/~stueber/lindman/499.jpg
http://www.puc.edu/Faculty/Gilbert_Muth/art0048.jpg

Circinate vernation
http://sparkleberrysprings.com/v-web/b2/images/ferns/ferncircvern.jpg
http://www.eske-style.co.nz/images/Punga%20Frond.jpg

Reproduction
Walking fern
Asplenium rhizophllum

Sporania : Sori
Abaxial surface
Sporocarp

http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=72159&rendTypeId=35

Subdivision Spermopsida
Angiospermae Gymnosperm
Pteridospermae
Cycadae
Gingkoae
(Nake seed)
Gnetopsida
Coniferae

Class Pteridospermae
Seed fern
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/ Neuropteris.JPG/450px-Neuropteris.JPG
http://www.seedbiology.de/images/emplectopteris1.jpg

Class Cycadae
Cycads
C. circinalis C. siamensis
http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/903/718172.JPG
http://www.pacsoa.org.au/cycads/Cycas/siamensis1.jpg)

Male cone Female cone
http://www.pacsoa.org.au/cycads/Cycas/revoluta04.jpg
http://www.botany.uga.edu/images/greenhouses/cycad53.jpg

Class Ginkgoae
Ginkgo
http://www.cirrusimage.com/Trees/ginkgo_tree_med.jpg
http://www.rosevilletrees.org/trees/images/ginkgo.jpg

http://www.herbs.org/greenpapers/ginkgo.jpg
http://www.stanford.edu/group/hopes/treatmts/antiox/f_k01ginkgo.jpg

Seed
Male strobilus
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/G/GinkgoLGR.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Ginkgo_biloba_Inflorescences.jpg

Class Coniferae
Pine
Spruce
Fir
Cedar
Juniper
Larch
Hemlock
Cypress
Yew
Redwood
Conifer
http://www.flowersociety.org/images/Essences/Research/Redwood/redwood-trunk.jpg

Colour changing
http://www.hort.wisc.edu/mastergardener/Features/woodies/larch/larch-seasons.jpg

http://www.science.siu.edu/landplants/Coniferophyta/images/Pine.needles.JPEG
http://www.billcasselman.com/yew.jpg

Monoecious
http://web.gccaz.edu/~lsola/NonFlwr/conif105.htm

Pine life cycle
http://hypnea.botany.uwc.ac.za/phylogeny/bioCycles/images/pine-cycle.gif

Class Gnetopsida
Gnetum gnemon L.
Welwitschia >>

Class Angiospermae
Magnoliopsida
(Dicotyledons)
Magnoliophyta
Anthophyta (Angiosperms)
Liliopsida
(Monocotyledons)

Monocots VS Dicots
http://hawaii.hawaii.edu/laurab/generalbotany/images/monocots%20vs%20dicots.jpg

http://cyberlab.lh1.ku.ac.th/elearn/faculty/fisher/fi15/web/images/tmp/stems%20model.jpg

http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=72162&rendTypeId=35

http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/flcycle.gif