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1740<br />
1788<br />
1796<br />
1823<br />
1827<br />
1836<br />
1839<br />
1840<br />
1842<br />
1843<br />
1845<br />
1847<br />
Years.<br />
Grosa tons.<br />
17,350<br />
68,300<br />
125,079<br />
243,851<br />
325,000<br />
400,000<br />
455,166<br />
581,367<br />
690,000<br />
703,184<br />
677,417<br />
700,000<br />
1,000,000<br />
1,248,781<br />
1,396,400<br />
1,099,138<br />
1,215,350<br />
1,999,608<br />
1,512,500<br />
1,999,508<br />
2,701,000<br />
STK1X IN ALL COUNTRIES. 21<br />
Years.<br />
1854<br />
1855<br />
1856<br />
1857<br />
1858<br />
1859<br />
1860<br />
1861<br />
1862<br />
1863<br />
1864<br />
1865<br />
1866<br />
1867<br />
1868<br />
1869<br />
1870<br />
1871<br />
1872<br />
1873<br />
j 1874<br />
.,r...- loll*.<br />
3,069,838<br />
3,218,154<br />
3,586,377<br />
3,659,447<br />
3,456,064<br />
3,712,904<br />
3,826,752<br />
3,712,390<br />
3,943,469<br />
4,510,040<br />
4,767,951<br />
4,825,254<br />
4,523,897<br />
4,761,023<br />
4,970,206<br />
5,445,757<br />
5,963,515<br />
6,627,179<br />
6,741,929<br />
6,566,451<br />
5,991,408<br />
• British Iron Trade Association.<br />
1875<br />
"»«<br />
1877<br />
1878<br />
1879<br />
1880<br />
1881<br />
1882<br />
1883<br />
1884<br />
1885<br />
1886<br />
1887<br />
1888<br />
1890 1889<br />
1891<br />
1892<br />
1893<br />
]S94<br />
Yvni*.<br />
Gn»» Ion*<br />
6,365,462<br />
6,555,997<br />
6,608,664<br />
i.;.3s l,n.M<br />
5,995,337<br />
7,749,233<br />
8,144,449<br />
8,586,680<br />
8,529,300<br />
7,811.727<br />
7,416,469<br />
7,009,754<br />
7,659,518<br />
7,998,969<br />
8.322,824 7,904,214<br />
7,406,064<br />
6,709,255<br />
6.976,990<br />
,-7,364,745<br />
The productiou of pig iron in the United Kingdom in 1893<br />
was divided as follows: England and Wales, 6,183,935 tons; Scotland,<br />
793,055 tons: total, 6,976,990 tons. Great Britain's maximum<br />
production of pig iron was reached in 1882.<br />
Steel.—It is a common saying that the invention in the decade<br />
between 1850 and 1860 of the Bessemer process for making steel<br />
wrought a complete revolution iu the world's iron and steel industries.<br />
Originating in England it speedily increased the total<br />
annual production of steel in Great Britain, accomplishing this<br />
result during the decade beginning with 1860, but more notably<br />
and rapidly after 1870. During the same decade between 1860<br />
and 1870 the Siemens-Martin, or open-hearth, process of making<br />
steel was perfected in Englaud and France, and in the following<br />
decade steel made by this process also greatly increased the total<br />
quantity of steel produced in Great Britain. Authentic statistics<br />
of the "production of steel in Great Britain by these processes do<br />
not go back to the early years of their use in that country. AVe<br />
are indebted to Mr. J." S. Jeans, Secretary of the British Iron<br />
Trade Association, for the statistics we shall now present of the<br />
production of Bessemer and open-hearth steel in Great Britain.<br />
The productiou of Bessemer steel ingots in Great Britain from<br />
1868 to 1893 has been as follows, in gross tons of 2,240 pounds.
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