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12 IRON ORE, COAL, PIO IRON, ANI> The following table gives the production of crucible steel ingots by States from 1874 to 1893, in gross tons. 1«74 1875 1876 1*77 1878 1879 1880 1881 1888 1884 188ft 1886 1887. 1888 1889 1*911 1891. iv- 1893. Yi'iirs—

STEEL IN ALL COUNTRIES. 13 Steel Rails.—The manufacture of Bessemer steel rails in the United States as a commercial product dates from 1867, although they had Imjcii made experimentally in the two preceding years. The first Bessemer steel rails ever made iu this country were rolled at the Chicago Boiling Mill on May 24, 1865, from ingots made at the experimental steel works at Wyandotte, Michigan. Several of these rails were laid in the track of one of the railroads running out of Chicago and were still in use iu 1875. The manufacture of open-hearth steel rails in the United States commenced in 1878, but it has never attained any commercial importance. It has of late been confined chiefly to California. All kinds of Rails.—The following table gives the production of all kinds of rails in the United States from 1867 to 1894. Yea is. Grow tons. Open-henrth i Total steel rails. Iron rolls. steel rails, i steel roil*. 1867. 2,277 2,277 1868. 6,451 j 6,451 8.616 | 8,616 1870 80,357 30,357 1871 84,162 34,152 1872 83.991 I 83,991 1873 115,192 | 115,192 1874 129.414 129,414 1875 259.699 259,699 1876 368.269 368,269 1877 3S5.S65 8,390 385.865 1878 491,427 8,168 499,817 1879 610,682 12.157 618.850 1881. 852,196 22,515 864,353 1882. 1,187,770 20,325 1,210,285 1,284,067 8,202 1,304,392 1884. 1,148,709 2,381 1,156,911 :--•.. 996,983 4,279 999,367 1886. 959,471 4,692 963,750 1887. 1,574,703 17,145 1,579,395 1888. 2,101,904 4,693 2,119,049 1,386,277 2,988 1,390,975 1,510,057 3,588 1,513,045 1892. 1,867,837 5,883 1,871,425 1893. 1,293,053 3,819 1,298,936 1894. 1,537,588 968 1,541,407 1,129,400 1,085 1,130,368 1,016,013 1,017,098 To Ul iron ami steel mils. 410,319 412,596 115,972 452,423 521,372 529,9-8 523,214 553,571 658,467 692,619 808,866 892.857 679,520 794,712 521,848 651,262 447,901 707,600 417,114 785,383 296,911 682,776 288,295 788,112 375,143 993,993 440,859 1,305.212 436,233 1,646,518 203,459 1,507,851 57,994 1,214,905 22,821 1,022,188 13,228 976,978 21,142 1,600,537 20,591 2,139,640 12,725 1,403,700 9,159 1,522,204 13.882 1,885,307 8,240 1,307,176 10,437 1,561,844 6,090 1,136,458 Included in the rail statistics above given is the 4.674 production 1,031,772 of street and electric rails. The annual production of these rails from 1874 to 1894 has been as follows, in gross tons.

12 IRON ORE, COAL, PIO IRON, ANI><br />

The following table gives the production of crucible steel ingots<br />

by States from 1874 to 1893, in gross tons.<br />

1«74<br />

1875<br />

1876<br />

1*77<br />

1878<br />

1879<br />

1880<br />

1881<br />

1888<br />

1884<br />

188ft<br />

1886<br />

1887.<br />

1888<br />

1889<br />

1*911<br />

1891.<br />

iv-<br />

1893.<br />

Yi'iirs—

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