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46 STATISTICS OF THE AMERICAN IRON TRADE FOR 1894. PRODUCTION OF PLATES AND SHEETS. The production of plate and sheet iron and steel in the United States in 1894. excluding nail plate, amounted to 682,900 gross tons, against 674.345 tons in 1893 and 751,460 tons iu 1892. The production of skelp iron and steel is not included in any of our tables with plates and sheets, but with other rolled material. The following table gives the production of iron and steel plates and sheets, by States, not including nail plates, in 1894, in gross tons. For the first time we have separated plates and sheets by gauges in our statistics for 1894, observing the following classification: Plates, up to No. 8 inclusive; firebed, No. 9 to No. 19 inclusive ; sheets', No. 20 to No. 25 inclusive, and No. 26 and thinner gauges. This classification was adopted after consultation with the manufacturers. Plates-Lp! Firebed- Sheets—No. 1 Sheets— ^r.:.-. - -- *. r. -~ tons. to No. 8 No. 9 to No 2D lo No. '£> Thinner inclusive. 19 lm luslvi inclusive, limn No. 23 Xew England New York and New Jersey Pennsylvania... Delaware. Man* hind West Virginia Alabama Kentucky Ohio Indiana 3.1O0 4,238 339,621 1,082 790 4,110 21,226 1. 659 :.344 45 1,199 1,580 2.121 18.317 6,600 BOO 243 38,923 2,909 1.303 2,200 120 750 22,499 3,000 600 2,376 64,541 4,082 3,914 3,092 1,200 4.656 45,285 17,432 Missouri and Culifornia Total 150 375,117 434 i.fi99 1,521 :•>. 6,638 153,716 Total- PUU-s and sheets. -vim 7,516 490.429 MIS 5,217 6,491 3,690 11,637 107,327 27.832 8.743 OS2.9O0 The production of "black plates for tinning" alone in 18114 is reported to us to have amounted to 52,359 gross tons, of winch Pennsylvania made 20,352 tons; Indiana, 13,332 tons ; Ohio, 8,784 tons; and New York, Maryland, and Missouri. 9.891 tons. Nearly all these "black plates" are included in the above table under "sheets thinner than No. 25." Pennsylvania made 71.8 per cent, of the total production of plates and sheets in 1894. against 69.1 per cent, in 1893, 68.6 per cent, in 1892, 72 per cent, in 1891, and 73 per cent, in each of the years 1890, 1889, and 1888. Ohio made 15.7 per cent, in 1894, against 18.3 per cent, in 1893, 18.4 per cent, in 1892, 16.5

STATISTICS OF THE AMERICAN IRON TRADE FOR 1894. 47 per cent, in 1891, 14.9 per cent, in 1890, 14.4 per cent, in 1889, and 13.4 per cent, in 1888. Indiana made 4 per cent, in 1894. No other State made 2 per cent. PRODUCTION OF CUT NAILS. Our statistics of the production of iron and steel cut nails and cut spikes in the United States do not embrace railroad and other spikes made from bar iron, wire nails of any size, or machinemade horseshoe nails. Cut spikes are included with cut nails. Our total production of cut nails in 1894 was 2,425,060 kegs of 100 pounds each, against 3,048,933 kegs in 1893, a decrease of 623,873 kegs, or over 20 per cent. There has been a steady decline in the production of cul nails nnce 1886, in which rear the maximum production of 8,160,973 kegs was reached. In 1894 our production of wire nails, as will be shown Mow, exceeded our production of cut nails by over 3,000,000 kegs. Nine States made cut nails in 1894. The following table shows the production ol" iron and steel cut nails by States from 1889 to 1894, in kegs of 100 pounds. We have added to the table the wire-nail production for these years. Stntes-Keas. Pennsylvania Ohio West Virginia... MassaclmselOt.... Xew Jersey Illinois Wyoming I IS-'.). 1,834,899 1,546,928 9S0.346 239,903 252,067 204,438 194,998 165,000 138,200 11,435 242,000 544 Total cut nails..i 5,810,758 Total wire nails.1 2,435,000 Grand total ... 8,245,758 1890. 1,825,824 1,418,621 957,694 191,573 260,367 130,806 202,560 194,654 229,964 3,883 225,000 5,640,946 3,135,911 8,776,857 1691. 1,470,613 1,408,449 76S.648 ] 353,292 97,400 107,475 248,854 383,445 164,000 5,002,176 4,114,385 9,116,561 18M. 1,521,332 1,261,813 429,243 297,-Ss 128,700 96,007 247,107 370,729 155,000 4,507,819 4,719,524 9,227,343 1893. 1,113,168 768,031 330,859 337,039 81,128 j 224,060 177,648 17,000 3,048,933 5,095,945 8,144,878 ISM. 1,061,931 490,461 273,822 166,350 94,462 213,034 125,000 2,425,060 5,681,801 8,106,861 The production of cut nails is declining rapidly in the Wheeling district, which embraces the nail mills in Ohio and Marshall counties in West Virginia and in Belmont and Jefferson counties in Ohio. There were 416,329 kegs of cut nails made in this dis-

46 STATISTICS OF THE AMERICAN IRON TRADE FOR 1894.<br />

PRODUCTION OF PLATES AND SHEETS.<br />

The production of plate and sheet iron and steel in the United<br />

States in 1894. excluding nail plate, amounted to 682,900 gross<br />

tons, against 674.345 tons in 1893 and 751,460 tons iu 1892.<br />

The production of skelp iron and steel is not included in any of<br />

our tables with plates and sheets, but with other rolled material.<br />

The following table gives the production of iron and steel<br />

plates and sheets, by States, not including nail plates, in 1894,<br />

in gross tons. For the first time we have separated plates and<br />

sheets by gauges in our statistics for 1894, observing the following<br />

classification: Plates, up to No. 8 inclusive; firebed, No. 9<br />

to No. 19 inclusive ; sheets', No. 20 to No. 25 inclusive, and No.<br />

26 and thinner gauges. This classification was adopted after consultation<br />

with the manufacturers.<br />

Plates-Lp! Firebed- Sheets—No. 1 Sheets—<br />

^r.:.-. - -- *. r. -~ tons. to No. 8 No. 9 to No 2D lo No. '£> Thinner<br />

inclusive. 19 lm luslvi inclusive, limn No. 23<br />

Xew England<br />

New York and New<br />

Jersey<br />

Pennsylvania...<br />

Delaware.<br />

Man* hind<br />

West Virginia<br />

Alabama<br />

Kentucky<br />

Ohio<br />

Indiana<br />

3.1O0<br />

4,238<br />

339,621<br />

1,082<br />

790<br />

4,110<br />

21,226<br />

1.<br />

659<br />

:.344<br />

45<br />

1,199<br />

1,580<br />

2.121<br />

18.317<br />

6,600<br />

BOO<br />

243<br />

38,923<br />

2,909<br />

1.303<br />

2,200<br />

120<br />

750<br />

22,499<br />

3,000<br />

600<br />

2,376<br />

64,541<br />

4,082<br />

3,914<br />

3,092<br />

1,200<br />

4.656<br />

45,285<br />

17,432<br />

Missouri and Culifornia<br />

Total<br />

150<br />

375,117<br />

434<br />

i.fi99<br />

1,521<br />

:•>.<br />

6,638<br />

153,716<br />

Total-<br />

PUU-s and<br />

sheets.<br />

-vim<br />

7,516<br />

490.429<br />

MIS<br />

5,217<br />

6,491<br />

3,690<br />

11,637<br />

107,327<br />

27.832<br />

8.743<br />

OS2.9O0<br />

The production of "black plates for tinning" alone in 18114 is<br />

reported to us to have amounted to 52,359 gross tons, of winch<br />

Pennsylvania made 20,352 tons; Indiana, 13,332 tons ; Ohio,<br />

8,784 tons; and New York, Maryland, and Missouri. 9.891 tons.<br />

Nearly all these "black plates" are included in the above<br />

table under "sheets thinner than No. 25."<br />

Pennsylvania made 71.8 per cent, of the total production of<br />

plates and sheets in 1894. against 69.1 per cent, in 1893, 68.6<br />

per cent, in 1892, 72 per cent, in 1891, and 73 per cent, in each<br />

of the years 1890, 1889, and 1888. Ohio made 15.7 per cent, in<br />

1894, against 18.3 per cent, in 1893, 18.4 per cent, in 1892, 16.5

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